Language/French/Culture/Cameroon-Timeline

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Historical Timeline for Cameroon - A chronology of key events
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  • 1472 ➡ The Portuguese navigator Fernando Poó, at the origin of the name of the country, discovers the coastal region of present-day Cameroon at the level of the mouth of the Wouri.
  • 1840 ➡ Treaty between the English government and the kings of Douala, Bell and Akwa, officially prohibiting the slave trade (started in the 17th century).
  • 1884 ➡ German-Douala Pact establishing the German protectorate over Cameroon.
  • 1919 ➡ The Treaty of Versailles, after the First World War, divides the country between the two main victorious colonial powers; England receives from the League of Nations the mandate to administer West Cameroon, while France receives the mandate to administer East Cameroon.
  • 1946 ➡ France and England receive Cameroon tutelage from the United Nations; Cameroon is integrated into the French Union as an "associated territory".
  • 1948 ➡ Foundation of the Union of the populations of Cameroon (UPC) by Ruben Um Nyobé, claiming the independence of the country.
  • May 1955 ➡ Riots in Douala, the UPC is dissolved, Um Nyobé takes refuge in hiding.
  • 1957 ➡ The Legislative Assembly of Cameroon (ALCAM) chooses the national emblems, namely a flag (green, red with a golden star, yellow on the green), a hymn (O Cameroon!) And a motto (Peace, Work, Country).
  • 1957 ➡ André Marie Mbida, president of the PDC (Cameroonian Democratic Party), is elected Prime Minister of autonomous Cameroon.
  • He will govern for only 9 months, from May 1957 to January 1958, before being dismissed by a French high commissioner.
  • 1958 ➡ Ruben Um Nyobé is assassinated.
  • January 1, 1959 ➡ The French government grants internal autonomy to Cameroon.
  • January 1, 1960 ➡ The country's independence is proclaimed.
  • May 5, 1960 ➡ Ahmadou Ahidjo becomes the first President of the Republic.
  • October 1, 1961 ➡ With the exception of northern Cameroon, attached to Nigeria, the two parts, French and English, of southern Cameroon are reunited in the same Federal Republic.
  • 1966 ➡ Creation of a national unity party, the UNC (Cameroonian National Union).
  • May 20, 1972 ➡ Birth of the United Republic of Cameroon.
  • 1975 ➡ Paul Biya becomes Prime Minister; President Ahidjo is re-elected.
  • November 4, 1982 ➡ President Ahmadou Ahidjo resigns; 2 days later, Paul Biya succeeded him.
  • 1983 ➡ Paul Biya takes the head of the UNC.
  • April 6, 1984 ➡ Failed coup d'état (bloody) against the regime of President Paul Biya.
  • 1985 ➡ The president's party becomes the RDPC (Democratic Rally of the Cameroonian People).
  • 1989 ➡ Death of Ahmadou Ahidjo in exile in Senegal.
  • 1990 ➡ Freedom of association and the creation of political parties (multiparty system) is authorized.
  • 1992 ➡ First multiparty elections.
  • 1994 ➡ Devaluation of the CFA franc.
  • January 18, 1996 ➡ Amendment of the constitution providing, among other things, for the addition of the Senate alongside the National Assembly in the legislative process, the creation of 10 administrative regions (the provinces) and the passage to the seven-year term, with a renewable mandate once for the office of President of the Republic.
  • May 1996 ➡ At the call of the opposition, which protests against the transformation of some of the cities it manages into municipalities, strikes and "dead city" operations are organized. The general strike quickly spread throughout the country, the economy collapsed, parallel economies were set up and peasants emigrated en masse to the cities, in particular Douala, which gave rise to large slums on the outskirts. from the economic capital.
  • October 12, 1997 ➡ President Biya is once again widely re-elected.
  • December 1997 ➡ After unsuccessful attempts to reconcile the ruling party with opponents of the SDF, an agreement is reached with the UNDP and one of the branches of the UPC to involve them in the government.
  • April 1999 ➡ Eruption of Mount Cameroon.
  • January 2001 ➡ France-Africa summit in Yaoundé.
  • 2001 ➡ Work begins by the COTCO consortium for the construction of the 1,700 km pipeline linking Chad to southern Cameroon (around Kribi).
  • June 2002 ➡ Municipal and legislative elections, the third wave of multiparty elections the country has seen.
  • September 2002 ➡ Official visit of Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji to relaunch Sino-Cameroonian cooperation.
  • October 2004 ➡ Paul Biya is reelected with 70% of the votes at the head of the Republic of Cameroon.
  • July 22, 2007 ➡ Municipal and legislative elections of the presupposed last seven-year term of Paul Biya.
  • April 10, 2008 ➡ Paul Biya, eager to stand for the umpteenth time in the presidential elections, instructs his National Assembly to revise the Constitution to allow him to run for another term at the end of the current one in 2011.
  • July 14, 2010 ➡ The President of Cameroon is invited, like many of his African colleagues, to the French national holiday which this year coincides with his 50th birthdaythe independence of African countries. Not without arousing criticism, including the following extracts from an official of the Cameroonian opposition: "This is an intolerable insult to the memory of the heroes and martyrs of the struggle for independence (...) The peoples. Africa will never forget the crimes committed by the colonialists "; and the League of Human Rights in France: "It would not be the least of the paradoxes that during the celebration of the values ​​of the Republic, these are violated by the presence of torturers, dictators and other predators of human rights, and that instead of pursuing them, France the honors. "
  • October 9, 2011 ➡ The presidential election opposed 23 candidates, knowing that more than fifty applications were submitted to Elections Cameroon, the body in charge of elections in Cameroon. Among the candidates are the incumbent presiding Paul Biya, Fru Ndi of the Social Democratic Front, and Kah Walla, one of three women in the competition. Several other candidates for the presidential were already present in the government, namely Adamou Ndam Njoya of the Cameroon Democratic Union, Jean-Jacques Ekindi of the Progressive Movement. Result: Paul Biya was re-elected for a term of 7 years, for the sixth time in a row.
  • April 14, 2013 ➡ First Senate elections. The Parliament is now composed of two chambers: the National Assembly and the Senate. This represents the 10 regional and local authorities. On 12 June 2013, marcel niat njifenji officially elected president of the Senate. The 100 senators (10 per region) have a term of 5 years, seven elected by indirect vote, three are appointed by the president.

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