Language/Tetum/Culture/Timor-Leste-Timeline

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Main Historical Dates - Timor-Leste

Timor-Leste is a small island nation in Southeast Asia known for its stunning beaches and unique culture. Here are the top 30 historical dates in the country's history:

Date Event
c. 30,000 BCE Evidence of human habitation on the island of Timor
c. 1515 The Portuguese establish a trading post in what is now Timor-Leste
1642 The Dutch establish a presence in Timor, leading to conflict with the Portuguese
1859 Portugal and the Netherlands sign the Treaty of Lisbon, dividing Timor into two colonial territories
1942 Japan invades Timor during World War II, leading to a prolonged guerrilla war against the occupying forces
1975 Portugal withdraws from Timor, leading to a brief period of independence before Indonesia invades and annexes the territory
1976 Indonesia declares Timor-Leste its 27th province, leading to decades of violent repression and resistance
1991 Indonesian forces open fire on peaceful protesters in Dili, killing over 250 people and sparking international outrage
1999 A referendum on independence for Timor-Leste is held, leading to widespread violence and destruction by pro-Indonesian militias
2002 Timor-Leste becomes an independent nation, with Xanana Gusmão as its first president
2006 Political unrest and violence break out in Timor-Leste, leading to the deployment of international peacekeeping forces
2008 Jose Ramos-Horta, a former independence activist, is elected president of Timor-Leste
2011 Taur Matan Ruak is elected president of Timor-Leste, succeeding Ramos-Horta
2012 Timor-Leste wins a historic case at the International Court of Justice, leading to the establishment of its maritime boundaries with Australia
2017 Timor-Leste's parliament votes to dissolve itself, leading to early elections and a new government led by Prime Minister Taur Matan Ruak
2018 Timor-Leste and Australia sign a treaty to establish a permanent maritime boundary in the Timor Sea, resolving a long-standing dispute over oil and gas reserves in the area
2019 Taur Matan Ruak resigns as prime minister, leading to the appointment of Taur's former ally and rival, Xanana Gusmão, as his successor
2020 Timor-Leste faces challenges from the COVID-19 pandemic, with a fragile healthcare system and economic impacts exacerbating the situation
2021 Timor-Leste celebrates the 20th anniversary of its independence, with a series of events and celebrations highlighting the country's progress and challenges since 2002
2022 Timor-Leste holds presidential elections, with Francisco Guterres "Lu-Olo" re-elected for a second term as president

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