Language/Italian/Culture/San-Marino-Timeline

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Historical Timeline for San Marino - A chronology of key events
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History of San Marino[edit | edit source]

  • The origin of San Marino goes back, according to legend, to a holy hermit named Marino, stonemason from Dalmatia who, in 301, would have left Rimini where he worked to settle on Mount Titano where he settled. made apostle of the Christian religion; a religious community was formed around its hermitage, a fortified castle was built, then a city and a republic: in San Marino we show the hermit's garden and its bed carved into the rock. The Republic belonged to the exarchate of Ravenna, then to the Franco-Lombard kingdom; in the Middle Ages, it acquired its municipal freedoms and in the middle of the 13th century concluded a friendly alliance with the counts of Monfeltro and Urbino: it was for this circumstance that the Republic had to maintain its independent existence. When Pope Urban III took possession of the Duchy of Urbino in 1631 and incorporated it into the States of the Church, he recognized the independence of the Republic of San Marino and granted it customs freedom for importation into its states.
  • In 1779, Cardinal Alberoni threatened the existence of the small Republic, which defended itself energetically. In 1797, Bonaparte took an interest in San Marino and offered it a territorial expansion which she had the wisdom to refuse; later, Napoleon, when he reorganized Italy, refused to destroy the small state and said: "Let us keep it as a model of republic". After the Restoration, San Marino remained a free state under the protection of the papacy. In 1849, Garibaldi took refuge in San Marino with the rest of his army; other political refugees from the States of the Church also took refuge there, and the papal government could not obtain their extradition.
  • Also in June 1851, 800 Austrians and 200 gendarmes of the Pope entered the territory of the Republic. Since that time, San Marino has not really made people talk about it: in 1859 and 1860, it kept absolute neutrality in Italian affairs; therefore its independence and its republican institutions were not contested. In 1862, a treaty of customs union and friendship with Italy was signed. In the twentieth century, we will simply note the neutrality retained by the Republic during the two world wars. During the second, it hosted 100,000 refugees from surrounding areas. San Marino entered the Council of Europe in 1988 and joined the UN in 1992.

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