Language/Spanish/Culture/Ecuador-Timeline

This lesson can still be improved. EDIT IT NOW! & become VIP

Rate this lesson:

5.00

(one vote)

Help - Comments

Historical Timeline for Ecuador - A chronology of key events

Ecuador Timeline[edit | edit source]

Date	Event
10,000 to 3,500 BC AD	human occupation on the coast and in the Sierra. Stone tools. Preceramic period.
5800 BC AD	corn is already known in Ecuador.
3000 BC AD	Real Alto, near Valdivia, is a metropolis where 1,500 to 3,000 people live.
500 to 200 BC. AD	formative period. Cultures of Valdivia, Machalilla, Chorrera ...
200 BC AD to 700-800	period of regional development, on the basis of organized ethnic groups, on the coast and in the Sierra. Metalworking (gold, copper, lead, silver and platinum).
700 to 1500	period of cultural integration: regrouping and beginning of embryonic states. From the 8th century, appearance of the Caras, who will found the kingdom of Quito.
1300 to 1400	the kingdom of Quito stretches from southern Colombia to northern Peru.
1455-1460	start of the conquest by the Incas of the kingdom of Quito.
1487-1488	end of the Inca conquest.
October 12, 1492	Christopher Columbus arrives in America.
September 21, 1526	the Spanish pilot Bartolomé Ruíz lands on the Ecuadorian coast.
1527	death of the Inca Huayna Cápac.
1530-1532	war between the two Inca emperors Huascar and Atahualpa, the first being finally defeated, then assassinated.
1531	Francisco Pizarro arrives in Tumbéz, in the north of present-day Peru.
September 24-November 15, 1532	Pizarro goes to Cajamarca. November 16: meeting with Atahualpa who is taken prisoner.
August 29, 1533	execution of Atahualpa.
December 6, 1534	founding of Quito by Sebastián de Benalcázar.
1534	foundation of the first bishopric of Quito.
1537-1538	foundation (definitive) of Guayaquil.
May 1541	departure for the Orient of an expedition led by Gonzalo Pizarro, helped by Francisco de Orellana.
August 1542	Orellana, after discovering the Amazon, arrives at the Atlantic.
1544	Spanish revolt against Madrid, led by Gonzalo Pizarro. The viceroy of Peru was killed in 1546.
1548	end of the rebellion; arrest and execution of Pizarro.
August 29, 1563	creation of the Royal Audience of Quito.
1569	installation in Lima of a tribunal of the Inquisition, with jurisdiction over Ecuador.
1575	foundation of Riobamba.
1586	arrival of the Jesuits in Quito.
1592	uprising known as the Alcabalas, in Quito.
1606	founding of Ibarra.
1736	arrival of La Condamine and the French geodetic mission.
1765	uprising of the suburbs of Quito (revolution of estancos or drinking establishments).
1767	expulsion of the Jesuits from all the Spanish colonies.
November 1780	Indian uprising led by Túpac Amaru II, near Cuzco.
May 18, 1781	execution of Túpac Amaru II. The Indian struggle continued for several months.
1783	birth of Simón Bolívar in Caracas.
August 1809	first sovereign government junta in Quito.
1811	Congress of Free Peoples of the Audience of Quito. Proclamation of the independence of Quito.
February 5, 1812	first constitution, never applied.
	proclaims its independence.
1822	success of the patriotic armed forces in , then victory of the Pichincha (May 24) over the Spaniards. Entry of Bolívar into Quito. Interview, July Guayaquil, Bolívar and San Martín.
1828	war between Peru and Colombia. Victory of Colombia in 1829.
	breaks with Grande-Colombia and declares itself free and independent. General Juan José Flores is appointed president.
December 17, 1830	death of Simón Bolívar.
1832	Ecuador takes possession of the Galapagos Islands.
1860	Gabriel García Moreno enters the scene.
1861	abolition of slavery in Ecuador.
August 12, 1875	assassination of García Moreno.
1893	the Salesians take charge of the evangelization of the Shuar (Jivaros).
1895	triumph of the liberal revolution of Eloy Alfaro, who becomes president.
1897	construction of the Guayaquil-Quito railway begins.
January 1912	assassination of Eloy Alfaro.
November 15, 1922	bloody repression of the general strike in Guayaquil, a thousand dead.
July 9, 1925	July revolution led by a group of young officers.
December 1933	first presidency of José María Velasco Ibarra.
July 5-30, 1941	armed aggression by Peru against Ecuador.
January 1942	protocol of Rio de Janeiro, which removes from Ecuador, in favor of Peru, nearly half of its territory.
July 11, 1963	the military take power. First agrarian reform the following year.
1968	Velasco Ibarra elected, for the fifth time, President of the Republic.
May 26, 1969	creation of the Andean Pact, an economic integration body to which Ecuador adheres.
June 15, 1972	General Guillermo Rodríguez Lara forms a nationalist and revolutionary government.
April 25, 1979	return to democracy with civilian president Jaime Roldós.
May 22, 1981	death in a plane crash of President Roldós, his wife and several ministers.
June 1990	national uprisingIndian.
May 1992	11,000 km² recognized as properties of three Amazonian Indian groups.
August 10, 1992	new president Sixto Durán Ballen takes power.
July 7, 1996	election of the new President of the Republic, Abdalá Bucaram Ortíz (Ecuadorian Roldosist Party).
October 30, 1996	signature in Santiago de Chile of a new peace agreement between Peru and Ecuador, supposed to put an end to the border conflict between these two countries since 1942.
February 1997	dismissal of President Abdalá Bucaram, known as El Loco. Interim presidency of Fabián Alarcón.
1998	election of Jamil Mahuad as President of the Republic in a context of falling oil prices and a serious financial crisis.
2000	dollarization of the Ecuadorian economy and currency by President Jamil Mahuad, immediately overthrown by a military junta (led by Colonel Lucio Gutierrez) supporting the people's revolt. General Mesa, at the head of another junta, then ousted Gutierrez. President Gustavo Noboa from the same party as Mahuad takes over Ecuador.
2002	Lucio Gutiérrez is elected President of the Republic, thanks to the support of the indigenous party MUPP-NP.
2005	President Gutiérrez, losing credibility, dissolves the Supreme Court of Justice by reconstituting it to allow the return of former presidents convicted of corruption: Bucaram, Noboa and Dahik. Despite the support of the United States, Gutiérrez was overthrown by the Ecuadorian people gathered en masse in Quito. On April 21, Alfredo Palacio was appointed interim president of the Republic of Ecuador, until the end of Lucio Gutiérrez's mandate. New presidential elections are scheduled for 2006.
2006	Rafael Correa was elected president on November 26 on a program advocating a citizens' revolution through radical reforms in particular in favor of the poorest, the renegotiation of the country's debt, the overhaul of oil agreements, the non-renewal of the Manta-based deal with the United States, and the end of power in the hands of corrupt political elites.
2007	Rafael Correa was invested president on January Zumbahua, a village in the Andes, in front of 20,000 Indians and in the presence of Venezuelan Hugo Chávez and Bolivian Evo Morales. In March, demonstrations in the country, while 57 parliamentarians rejecting the idea of a Constituent Assembly oppose Rafael Correa and the Supreme Court. The same year, the president proposes to the international community to finance the non-exploitation of the oil located in the park of Yasuni, under the Amazonian forest. Richest reservoir of biodiversity in the country.
September 29, 2008	adoption by referendum, with nearly 70% of yes, of the new Constitution laying the foundations of "21st century socialism".
April 26, 2009	presidential elections, Rafael Correa is re-elected President of the Republic of Ecuador with nearly 52% of the vote.
September 30, 2010	a political crisis leads to a police mutiny. President Rafael Correa is in danger, but the military is correcting the situation.
May 7, 2011	as part of a reform policy, the government organized a constitutional referendum, a popular consultation so that the population can give its opinion on 10 questions relating to the following areas: judicial system, security, environment, banking system and means of communication (among others).
June 2012	Rafael Correa grants political asylum to Julian Assange, the Australian founder of Wikileaks, charged with rape and espionage. Refugee in the Ecuadorian embassy in London, he could not reach Latin America at the risk of being arrested by the British authorities. The Ecuadorian president's gesture has been deemed "anti-imperialist" by many countries.
February 17, 2013	Socialist Rafael Correa is re-elected with 56.7% of the vote, against 23.3% of the vote for his main rival Guillermo Lasso, a former banker and member of Opus Dei. The president renounces the Yasuni project in the Amazon.
November 2014	the Constitutional Court makes possible the change of the constitution allowing the renewal of all the mandates to infinity, including that of the Head of State. This would allow the president, Rafael Correa to be a new candidate in 2017.
2015	in view of the 21st UN conference on the climate issue scheduled for Paris in December 2015, the issue of oil and the Yasuni park are back to the forefront of the news.
July 2015	visit of Pope Francis to South America and therefore to Ecuador (in Gayaquil then Quito).
July 2015	protests across the country against President Correa. The crowd wants to see the president leave, the latter denouncing a conspiracy of the right-wing opposition.
April 2016	an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.8 was felt on April 16, the town of Muisne. The toll is heavy: 668 dead, 8 missing, 6,274 injured and 29,067 homeless.
July 10, 2016	Following the April earthquake, two new tremors with a magnitude of 6.2 and 5.9 hit the region, further weakening the buildings.
April 2017	Lenín Moreno, 64, candidate of the left-wing Alianza País party, wins by a short header in the second round of the Ecuadorian presidential election. he succeeds President Correa, whose action was increasingly criticized.