Language/Standard-arabic/Culture/Iraq-Timeline

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Historical Timeline for Iraq - A chronology of key events
Irak-Timeline-PolyglotClub.png

Irak-Timeline-PolyglotClub.jpg

The selected events relate to the domestic situation or to international issues that have had a direct impact on the governance of the country.

March 22, 1945[edit | edit source]

Creation of the Arab League Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Syria and Jordan (then Transjordan) sign the final version of the Arab League Constitution. The creation of this organization follows a conference held in Alexandria, Egypt, in September and October 1944. ==February 24, 1955 Signature of the Baghdad Pact Iraq and Turkey sign a defense treaty in Baghdad to which the United Kingdom (March 4), Pakistan (September 23) and Iran (November 3) will join during the year.

April 17, 1955[edit | edit source]

Opening of an international conference in Bandoeng About 2,000 delegates and observers from 29 countries in Asia and Africa are gathered in Bandoeng, Indonesia, to participate in a conference where they will discuss their common problems and the threat to world peace.

July 14, 1958[edit | edit source]

Overthrow of King Faycal II in Iraq A group of officers led by General Abdel Karim Kassem is staging a coup. It leads to the overthrow and death of the King of Iraq, Faycal II, as well as that of his nephew, Crown Prince Abdul Illah.

September 14, 1960[edit | edit source]

Creation of the Organization of Petroleum Producing Countries Representatives of Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait and Venezuela have gathered in Baghdad, Iraq, to set up an organization to defend their common energy interests: the Organization of the oil-exporting countries (OPEC).

J une 19, 1961[edit | edit source]

Proclamation of independence of Kuwait After 62 years under British protectorate, Kuwait signs a treaty of friendship with the United Kingdom which recognizes its full independence. The new country must, however, face the expansionist aims of its Iraqi neighbor.

September 01, 1961[edit | edit source]

Opening of a conference of non-aligned countries in Belgrade Yugoslav President Josip Broz, says Tito, is hosting a major conference bringing together representatives of 24 non-aligned countries in Belgrade. The easing of tensions between the superpowers is at the heart of this meeting which is spread over five days.

August 29, 1967[edit | edit source]

Opening of a summit of Arab countries in Khartoum Representatives of Arab countries, including eight heads of state, are meeting in Khartoum, Sudan, to establish a course to follow a few months after Israel's victory in the Six Day War.

July 17, 1968[edit | edit source]

Coup d'état led by General Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr in Iraq A military-orchestrated coup led by General Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr leads to the overthrow of Iraqi President Abdul Rahman Aref and Prime Minister Taher Yahya.

October 16, 1973[edit | edit source]

Beginning of the first "oil shock" On October 17, 1973, the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPAEP) announced that it would reduce its oil flow by 5% per month, as long as the United States did not change its policy in the Middle East. The day before, the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) announced a 17% increase in the price of crude and a 70% increase in taxes on oil companies.

July 16, 1979[edit | edit source]

Accession of Saddam Hussein to the presidency of Iraq The strong man of the Baath party in Iraq, Saddam Hussein al-Tikriti, succeeds President Ahmad Hassan al-Bakr, 65, who resigns suddenly for "health reasons". The new president, 42, quickly sets up an authoritarian and repressive regime.

September 22, 1980[edit | edit source]

Beginning of the Iran-Iraq war After weeks of military clashes on the border between Iran and Iraq, the territorial dispute over the Shatt al-Arab river degenerates into open war. On September 22, 1980, Iraqi troops invaded the Iranian region of Khuzestan.

March 16, 1988[edit | edit source]

Use of chemical weapons in Iraq against the Kurds After seven and a half years of war between Iran and Iraq, the Iraqi army is attacking Kurdish civilians who have collaborated with the Iranian enemy. On March 16, 1988, it bombarded the border town of Halabja with poisonous mustard gas, killing nearly 5,000 people.

August 20, 1988[edit | edit source]

Entry into force of a ceasefire ending the war between Iran and Iraq After nearly eight years of war, Iraq and Iran agree to respect the provisions of a ceasefire emanating from a United Nations (UN) resolution adopted on July 18, 1988 .

Aug 2, 1990[edit | edit source]

Iraq invasion of Kuwait Two years after the end of the war which opposed it to Iran, Iraq invaded Kuwait and proceeded to its annexation. This intervention will be immediately denounced by the United Nations (UN) which will demand the withdrawal of Iraqi troops.

January 17, 1991[edit | edit source]

Beginning of a military intervention in Kuwait A coalition of several countries launches a major military offensive against Iraq after President Saddam Hussein's refusal to withdraw his troops from Kuwait. This attack follows the expiration of an ultimatum formulated by the United Nations (UN) in November 1990.

March 19, 2003[edit | edit source]

Beginning of a major military offensive in Iraq Two days after an ultimatum issued by US President George W. Bush to Iraqi President Saddam Hussein, a major military offensive was deployed to overthrow the latter. Composed overwhelmingly of American and British troops, the coalition made a rapid breakthrough that prompted President Bush to announce the end of the conflict on May 1.

January 30, 2005[edit | edit source]

Holding of legislative elections in Iraq The United Iraqi Alliance (UAI) won 48.2% of the votes and 140 seats in the first multi-party parliamentary elections held in Iraq since 1954. About 58% of eligible voters cast ballots despite an upsurge in terrorist attacks. dozens of victims.

January 30, 2005[edit | edit source]

[Results] Legislative elections

December 15, 2005[edit | edit source]

[Results] Legislative elections

December 30, 2006[edit | edit source]

Execution of former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein Former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein is hanged in Baghdad following a trial in which he was found guilty of crimes against humanity. He was 69 years old.

March 7, 2010[edit | edit source]

[Results] Legislative elections

April 30, 2014[edit | edit source]

[Results] Legislative elections

June 29, 2014[edit | edit source]

Proclamation of a caliphate by the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant After a series of military successes achieved by his supporters in Iraq, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, the leader of the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), proclaims an Islamic caliphate. It is a political regime, inherited from the time of the Prophet Muhammad, in which the caliph, in this case al-Baghdadi, asserts himself as the commander of the Muslim world.

July 3, 2016[edit | edit source]

Terrorist attacks in Baghdad, Iraq A series of terrorist attacks have rocked Iraq since the start of 2016. The deadliest occurred on July 3, when three explosions, in three different locations, left 324 dead and around 200 injured in Karrada, a district of the capital, Baghdad.

July 10, 2017[edit | edit source]

Iraqi government announces the liberation of Mosul The city of Mosul, considered the economic capital of the self-proclaimed Islamic State (IS), was at the center of heavy fighting from October 17, 2016. They ended on July 10, 2017 with the announcement by the Iraqi government of the capture of the city. This outcome could mark a turning point in the very existence of ISIS.

September 25, 2017[edit | edit source]

Holding of a referendum on the independence of Iraqi Kurdistan Shortly after Mosul was recaptured from the Islamic State (IS) group, the people of Iraqi Kurdistan held a referendum on the independence of their territory. About 72.2% of eligible voters vote during this consultation which ends with a favorable vote of 92.7%.

May 12, 2018[edit | edit source]

[Results] Legislative elections

October 1, 2019[edit | edit source]

Major popular protest unleashed in Iraq After a period of relative calm, Iraq is shaken by a series of popular demonstrations from ==October 1, 2019. The protesters denounce the economic difficulties, the Iranian influence and the corruption of the government which reacts in a repressive way, before seek to appease the discontent with social measures.

January 3, 2020[edit | edit source]

Assassination of Iranian General Qassem Soleimani At the end of 2019, tensions between the United States and Iran were expressed by strikes on reciprocal targets, notably in Iraqi territory. They peak with a hostile demonstration against the US embassy in Baghdad, followed by the assassination of a key figure in the Iranian military, General Qassem Soleimani, on January 3, 2020.

March 5, 2021[edit | edit source]

Pope Francis' historic visit to Iraq begins For the first time in history, a Sovereign Pontiff visits Iraq (March 5-8, 2021). Pope Francis takes the opportunity to send a message of peace alongside civil and religious figures in this predominantly Muslim country, as well as to recall the plight of Christians, whose numbers are in sharp decline.

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