Language/Tswana/Culture/Botswana-Timeline

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Historical Timeline for Botswana - A chronology of key events
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In 1962, Seretse Khama, a member of the royal family of the Tswana Bamangwato clan, founded the Botswana Democratic Party (BDP). Botswana is still a British protectorate but is already preparing its access to independence, acquired in 1966. The BDP then won the country's first democratic elections. As for its founder, S. Khama, he was elected President of the Republic. He then set up a democratic regime, which continues to this day - Botswanan democracy has also been an exception for a long time in black Africa. Since then, the BDP has won all legislative elections, without ever being threatened by the opposition represented by the Botswana National Front (BNF), the Botswana People's Party (BPP), the Botswana Congress Party (PCP) or the Botswana Movement for Democracy. (BMD). S. Khama was also systematically re-elected to the presidency, until his death in 1980. The vice-president, Quett Masire, succeeded him then. Also reelected in each election, he decided to step down because of his age in March 1998, after seventeen years in power. Finance Minister and Vice-President Festus Mogae becomes Botswana's new president.

The territorial disagreement with Namibia over an island on the Chobe River, brought in May 1996 to the International Court of Justice (May 1996) which ruled in favor of Botswana in 1999, was settled amicably in March 2003.

In 2004, for the first time since the country's independence, elections were held under the surveillance of international observers. Botswana is also the first country to commit to a new “code of electoral conduct” adopted by the Southern African Development Community (SADC). Despite the alliance between the three opposition parties under the leadership of the BNF, the BDP won with 44 seats out of 57.

Reelected in 2004, F. Mogae is confronted with the demands of the Bushmen, who accuse the government of having expelled them from their lands in the Kalahari desert in order to exploit diamond mines and to develop tourist sites there. After years of judicial struggle, the High Court of Botswana recognized the Bushmen on December 13, 2006, the right to regain their ancestral lands. Concentrating its efforts in the fight against social inequalities and unemployment, the government is particularly mobilized against the AIDS pandemic, to which it devotes 6% of its annual budget, thus making it possible to cover the screening of the entire population. and free access for all AIDS patients to antiretroviral treatment. In April 2008, F. Mogae stepped down, handing over the presidency to S. Khama's son, Ian Khama, vice-president since 1998. In October, the former president received the 2008 Ibrahim Prize for "good governance" in Africa for having advocated the exploitation of the natural resources of the subsoil (diamonds in particular) allowing his country to achieve sustainable development. The following year, with 48 seats, the BDP won the general elections by a large margin ahead of three opposition parties, the Botswana Congress Party (BCP), the Botswana National Front (BNF) and the Botswana Movement for Democracy (BMD). I. Khama is reappointed at the head of the country for five years. In October 2014, the ruling party retained its majority and the president began a final term.

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