Language/Nyanja/Culture/Malawi-Timeline
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Historical Timeline for Malawi - A chronology of key events
Malawi Timeline[edit | edit source]
Date | Event |
---|---|
2.5 million years BC. AD | Hominids, and more particularly hominins, inhabit the north of present-day Malawi. |
60 to 50,000 years BC. | Proven presence of Homo sapiens on the shores of the lake at the end of the Mesolithic, in particular on the site of Mwanganda. |
8000 to 1500 BC. AD | Arrival from Central Africa of Twa Pygmies (Batwa). The cave paintings of Chongoni are a powerful testimony to their presence in the center of the country some 2000 years ago. |
250-1000 | Culture of Nkope (between Monkey Bay and Mangochi), known for its ceramics, examples of which researchers have found in eastern Zambia, Mozambique and throughout southern Malawi. |
800-1100 | Close to the culture of Nkope, that of Kapeni flourishes on the banks of the Shire. |
Circa 1000 | Culture of Longwe in the valley of the Shire and on the eastern and northern foothills of the Mulanje massif. The actors of this civilization were excellent potters and probably practiced hunting and gathering. |
1200-1750 | Culture of Mawudzu, mainly defined by its pottery which supplanted that of Longwe and Kapeni. |
1500-1800 | The kyungu (kings of the Ngonde kingdom) trade (ivory, gold, etc.) from Mbande Hill, where their capital is established (north of present-day Malawi), with Swahili merchants. |
1600-1650 | Under the reign of Masula, the kingdom of Maravi, founded at the end of the 15th century and whose capital is Mankhamba, is at its peak. It stretches from eastern Zambia to the Mozambican coastline while embracing central and southern Malawi, from which t |
1616 | The Portuguese Gaspar Boccaro is the first European to ascend the Shire to Lake Malawi. However, some sources claim that Lusitanians set foot in Malawi as early as the 16th century. |
First decades of the 19th century | The Yao, originally from northern Mozambique, massively converted to Islam and settled in south-eastern Malawi. |
1845-1894 | The slave chief Jumbe organizes the slave trade from Nkhotakota to the trading centers bordering the coast of the Indian Ocean. |
1859 | David Livingstone travels the south of the country (Zomba, Mulanje ...). |
1864 | Vain mediation, organized by Livingstone, between the Chewa and Jumbe chiefs to put an end to the slave trade. |
1876 | Foundation of the Presbyterian mission of Blantyre. |
1877 | Creation of the African Lakes Company by the Moir brothers in order, among other more or less avowed objectives, to supply the Presbyterian missionaries active in the region. |
Decade 1890 | The British administered and included the Malawian territory within the British Central Africa Protectorate. They put an end to the slave trade by defeating in particular Mlozi, a feared slave owner from the Karonga region, and several yao chiefs. Creatio |
1894 | Robert Laws founds the Presbyterian mission of Livingstonia. |
1902 | Creation of the Catholic mission of Mua by the White Fathers. |
1907 | Establishment of the British protectorate of Nyasaland. |
September 1914 | Fighting between British and German troops in Karonga during the First World War. |
January 23 and 24, 1915 | Failure of the uprising orchestrated by John Chilembwe against the wealthy planters of the upper Shire valley. |
1943 | Hastings Kamuzu Banda founds the Nyasaland African Congress to fight against the British colonial administration. |
1953-1963 | The protectorate is incorporated into the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. |
1959 | The Nyasaland African Congress, banned by the British authorities, becomes the Malawi Congress Party. Kamuzu Banda is imprisoned following the organization of strikes and demonstrations across the country. |
July 6, 1964 | Proclamation of the independence of Malawi. |
1960s and 1970s | The State sets up large public sugar companies. |
1971 | The head of state, Hastings Kamuzu Banda, proclaims himself president for life. |
1981 | In order to get out of the economic slump in which it is struggling, Malawi calls on the IMF and the World Bank, which advocate a structural adjustment program. |
1992 | Creation of the United Democratic Front by Bakili Muluzi. |
1994 | First multiparty elections in the history of Malawi. Bakili Muluzi, embodying the alternation, is elected President of the Republic. Promulgation of a new Constitution. |
1997 | Death of Hastings Kamuzu Banda. |
1999 | Re-election of Bakili Muluzi. |
2004 | Bingu wa Mutharika, member of the United Democratic Front, wins the presidential elections. |
2005 | Bingu wa Mutharika creates the Democratic Progressive Party following dissensions within the United Democratic Front. |
2009 | Bingu wa Mutharika is reelected President of the Republic. |
2011 | Sometimes degenerating into riots, protests against shortages, the high cost of living and the government's economic policies rock Malawi. The country's vice-president, Joyce Banda, founds the People's Party. |
April 5, 2012 | Bingu wa Mutharika succumbs to a heart attack. |
2012-2014 | Joyce Banda becomes interim President of the Republic. |
May 2014 | election of Bingu wa Mutharika's brother, Peter Mutharika, to the supreme office. |
May 2019 | Peter Mutharika begins a second term as head of the country following his victory in the presidential elections. |