Difference between revisions of "Language/Spanish/Culture/Bolivia-Timeline"

From Polyglot Club WIKI
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(Created page with "Chronology 1200> Birth of the Inca tribe with Manco Capac. Legend has it that their origin is the Island of the Sun on Lake Titicaca. 1400-1438> Reign of Viracocha, eighth I...")
 
Line 1: Line 1:
Chronology
<div style="font-size: 270%"> Historical Timeline for Bolivia - A chronology of key events</div>
<div style="float:right">
<center>
[[File:Bolivia-Timeline-PolyglotClub.png|thumb|none]]
----
</center>
{{Timeline-world}}
</div>


1200> Birth of the Inca tribe with Manco Capac. Legend has it that their origin is the Island of the Sun on Lake Titicaca.


1400-1438> Reign of Viracocha, eighth Inca, who extends the empire around Cusco in Peru.


1438> Victory against the Chancas, and start of the rapid expansion of the Incas with Pachacutec (son of Viracocha), which continues with Tupac Yupanqui and Huayna Capac.
1200 ➡ Birth of the Inca tribe with Manco Capac. Legend has it that their origin is the Island of the Sun on Lake Titicaca.


1527> Death of Huayna Capac, who opens a war of succession between Huascar Capac and Atahaulpa, half-brothers.
1400-1438 ➡ Reign of Viracocha, eighth Inca, who extends the empire around Cusco in Peru.


1531> Arrival in Bolivia of Francisco Pizarro and a handful of Spaniards (estimated between 129 and 180 approximately).
1438 ➡ Victory against the Chancas, and start of the rapid expansion of the Incas with Pachacutec (son of Viracocha), which continues with Tupac Yupanqui and Huayna Capac.


August 29, 1533> Atahualpa is executed by the Spaniards. It is estimated that the native population rose from 12 or 15 million individuals to just over 600,000.
1527 ➡ Death of Huayna Capac, who opens a war of succession between Huascar Capac and Atahaulpa, half-brothers.


1536> 1st in a long series of Inca revolts, under the leadership of Manco Inca. The revolts continued until 1572.
1531 ➡ Arrival in Bolivia of Francisco Pizarro and a handful of Spaniards (estimated between 129 and 180 approximately).


1546> Potosí is declared an imperial city by Charles Quint.
August 29, 1533 ➡ Atahualpa is executed by the Spaniards. It is estimated that the native population rose from 12 or 15 million individuals to just over 600,000.


16th-18th centuries> About 6 million Indigenous people die in silver mines.
1536 ➡ 1st in a long series of Inca revolts, under the leadership of Manco Inca. The revolts continued until 1572.


1780/1781> Important indigenous revolt, led by Túpac Amaru.
1546 ➡ Potosí is declared an imperial city by Charles Quint.


1809> Revolt led by Pedro Domingo Murillo, which ends in a bloodbath.
16th-18th centuries ➡ About 6 million Indigenous people die in silver mines.


1825> Independence and the first Constitution of Bolivia, following the wars led by Bolivar and Sucre in particular.
1780/1781 ➡ Important indigenous revolt, led by Túpac Amaru.


1879-1883> Pacific War, fought jointly with Peru against Chile, which wins; Bolivia loses its access to the sea.
1809 ➡ Revolt led by Pedro Domingo Murillo, which ends in a bloodbath.


1904> War of Acre with Brazil; Bolivia loses another large part of its territory.
1825 ➡ Independence and the first Constitution of Bolivia, following the wars led by Bolivar and Sucre in particular.


1932-1935> War of the Chaco with Paraguay; Bolivia is still losing around 200,000 km² of its territory.
1879-1883 ➡ Pacific War, fought jointly with Peru against Chile, which wins; Bolivia loses its access to the sea.


1952> Workers 'and peasants' revolution organized by the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement (MNR).
1904 ➡ War of Acre with Brazil; Bolivia loses another large part of its territory.


1967> Assassination of Ernesto Che Guevara in the south-east of the country.
1932-1935 ➡ War of the Chaco with Paraguay; Bolivia is still losing around 200,000 km² of its territory.


1971> Coup d'état by General Banzer.
1952 ➡ Workers 'and peasants' revolution organized by the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement (MNR).


1979> A woman in the presidency: Lidia Gueiler ... but bloody coup d'état by General Garcia Meza (sentenced to 30 years in prison in the mid-1990s and since then imprisoned in the high security prison of Chochocoro, near from La Paz).
1967 ➡ Assassination of Ernesto Che Guevara in the south-east of the country.


1982> Return to democracy with the leftist government of Hernan Siles Suazo.
1971 ➡ Coup d'état by General Banzer.


1985> Paz Estenssoro, leader of the MNR, returns to power.
1979 ➡ A woman in the presidency: Lidia Gueiler ... but bloody coup d'état by General Garcia Meza (sentenced to 30 years in prison in the mid-1990s and since then imprisoned in the high security prison of Chochocoro, near from La Paz).


1989> Election of Jaime Paz Zamora; coalition government.
1982 ➡ Return to democracy with the leftist government of Hernan Siles Suazo.


1993> Election of Gonzalo Sanchez de Lozada.
1985 ➡ Paz Estenssoro, leader of the MNR, returns to power.


1997> Election of General Hugo Banzer.
1989 ➡ Election of Jaime Paz Zamora; coalition government.


August 2001> For health reasons, resignation of Hugo Banzer and interim of Jorge Quiroga.
1993 ➡ Election of Gonzalo Sanchez de Lozada.


June 2002> Gonzalo Sanchez de Lozada returns to power.
1997 ➡ Election of General Hugo Banzer.


October 2003> Flight of the president under the pressure of incessant social movements (gas war); interim of Carlos Mesa.
August 2001 ➡ For health reasons, resignation of Hugo Banzer and interim of Jorge Quiroga.


June 2005> New social movements which lead to the resignation of President Mesa; formation of a provisional government led by Eduardo Rodriguez Veltzé, President of the Supreme Court.
June 2002 ➡ Gonzalo Sanchez de Lozada returns to power.


December 2005> The Amerindian Evo Morales Ayma of the Movimiento al Socialismo (MAS) party is the first indigenous head of state elected in Bolivia. His radical positions often come up against the incomprehension of the middle classes and Cambas (The term cambas designates the inhabitants, often mixed-race, of the lowlands, as opposed to the kolas, Indians of the highlands. This duality always symbolizes the fracture of Bolivian society). However, it was necessary to act quickly and hard to reform an unequal society since the Spanish colonization.
October 2003 ➡ Flight of the president under the pressure of incessant social movements (gas war); interim of Carlos Mesa.


October 2006> An agreement between the government and some twenty foreign oil companies is signed as part of the country's major plan to nationalize the country's hydrocarbons announced on May 1, 2006 by the president.
June 2005 ➡ New social movements which lead to the resignation of President Mesa; formation of a provisional government led by Eduardo Rodriguez Veltzé, President of the Supreme Court.


May 2008> The constitutional crisis that the country has been going through since the election of Evo Morales has still not been resolved. A referendum for the adoption of a constitutional reform is organized on May 4, but it is boycotted by the opposition.
December 2005 ➡ The Amerindian Evo Morales Ayma of the Movimiento al Socialismo (MAS) party is the first indigenous head of state elected in Bolivia. His radical positions often come up against the incomprehension of the middle classes and Cambas (The term cambas designates the inhabitants, often mixed-race, of the lowlands, as opposed to the kolas, Indians of the highlands. This duality always symbolizes the fracture of Bolivian society). However, it was necessary to act quickly and hard to reform an unequal society since the Spanish colonization.
 
October 2006 ➡ An agreement between the government and some twenty foreign oil companies is signed as part of the country's major plan to nationalize the country's hydrocarbons announced on May 1, 2006 by the president.
 
May 2008 ➡ The constitutional crisis that the country has been going through since the election of Evo Morales has still not been resolved. A referendum for the adoption of a constitutional reform is organized on May 4, but it is boycotted by the opposition.


The region of Santa Cruz, led by Ruben Costas, keeps the same date to organize a popular consultation on the autonomy of the region. Widely acclaimed, this referendum is considered illegal by the national authorities. In June, it is the turn of the regions of Pando and Beni to vote for their autonomy.
The region of Santa Cruz, led by Ruben Costas, keeps the same date to organize a popular consultation on the autonomy of the region. Widely acclaimed, this referendum is considered illegal by the national authorities. In June, it is the turn of the regions of Pando and Beni to vote for their autonomy.


August 2008> Evo Morales organizes a recall referendum which consolidates his position with 63% of the votes in his favor. A change in political trajectory is observed with the announcement of the opening of a dialogue with the autonomist opposition.
August 2008 ➡ Evo Morales organizes a recall referendum which consolidates his position with 63% of the votes in his favor. A change in political trajectory is observed with the announcement of the opening of a dialogue with the autonomist opposition.


January 2009> Approval by referendum of the new Constitution.
January 2009 ➡ Approval by referendum of the new Constitution.


December 2009> Evo Morales is re-elected in the presidential elections by collecting 64.22% of the votes.
December 2009 ➡ Evo Morales is re-elected in the presidential elections by collecting 64.22% of the votes.


April 2010> Municipal elections which are not very favorable to the MAS.
April 2010 ➡ Municipal elections which are not very favorable to the MAS.


April 2011> Incessant strikes all over the country.
April 2011 ➡ Incessant strikes all over the country.


August-September 2011> March of the Indians of Beni against the road project crossing a national park, leading to a violent police repression.
August-September 2011 ➡ March of the Indians of Beni against the road project crossing a national park, leading to a violent police repression.


July 1, 2012> Bolivia cuts off diplomatic relations with Paraguay and recalls its Ambassador to Asunción, following the "political coup" against Paraguayan President Fernando Lugo.
July 1, 2012 ➡ Bolivia cuts off diplomatic relations with Paraguay and recalls its Ambassador to Asunción, following the "political coup" against Paraguayan President Fernando Lugo.


March 2013> President Morales decides to bring the territorial (maritime littoral) dispute with Chile to the International Court of Justice.
March 2013 ➡ President Morales decides to bring the territorial (maritime littoral) dispute with Chile to the International Court of Justice.


June 2014> Bolivia hosts the G77 summit of non-aligned countries + China in Santa Cruz.
June 2014 ➡ Bolivia hosts the G77 summit of non-aligned countries + China in Santa Cruz.


October 2014> Evo Morales is re-elected president for a five-year term.
October 2014 ➡ Evo Morales is re-elected president for a five-year term.


February 21, 2016> Bolivia votes "no" in the referendum which would have allowed Evo Morales to run for a fourth term.
February 21, 2016 ➡ Bolivia votes "no" in the referendum which would have allowed Evo Morales to run for a fourth term.


March 6, 2016> The president lays the foundation stone for a nuclear center in El Alto. This center will also have dedicated research and health facilities.
March 6, 2016 ➡ The president lays the foundation stone for a nuclear center in El Alto. This center will also have dedicated research and health facilities.


December 2016> Bolivia, under the leadership of a super-active Evo Morales, has the lowest unemployment rate in South America (4.1%).
December 2016 ➡ Bolivia, under the leadership of a super-active Evo Morales, has the lowest unemployment rate in South America (4.1%).


June 2017> Evo Morales cools relations with the United States by denouncing the unilateral sanctions sought by President Trump against Venezuela and Russia. Sanctions against officials from these countries which, according to him, go against the international law in place and bypass its authority.
June 2017 ➡ Evo Morales cools relations with the United States by denouncing the unilateral sanctions sought by President Trump against Venezuela and Russia. Sanctions against officials from these countries which, according to him, go against the international law in place and bypass its authority.


October 1, 2018, after five years of proceedings, the International Court of Justice rules on the fact that Chile does not have to negotiate with its Bolivian neighbor for access to the Pacific Ocean. Chile has already granted customs facilities to Bolivia in its old ports and does not intend to give in more.
October 1, 2018, after five years of proceedings, the International Court of Justice rules on the fact that Chile does not have to negotiate with its Bolivian neighbor for access to the Pacific Ocean. Chile has already granted customs facilities to Bolivia in its old ports and does not intend to give in more.

Revision as of 14:11, 8 December 2021

Historical Timeline for Bolivia - A chronology of key events
Bolivia-Timeline-PolyglotClub.png

World Timelines


1200 ➡ Birth of the Inca tribe with Manco Capac. Legend has it that their origin is the Island of the Sun on Lake Titicaca.

1400-1438 ➡ Reign of Viracocha, eighth Inca, who extends the empire around Cusco in Peru.

1438 ➡ Victory against the Chancas, and start of the rapid expansion of the Incas with Pachacutec (son of Viracocha), which continues with Tupac Yupanqui and Huayna Capac.

1527 ➡ Death of Huayna Capac, who opens a war of succession between Huascar Capac and Atahaulpa, half-brothers.

1531 ➡ Arrival in Bolivia of Francisco Pizarro and a handful of Spaniards (estimated between 129 and 180 approximately).

August 29, 1533 ➡ Atahualpa is executed by the Spaniards. It is estimated that the native population rose from 12 or 15 million individuals to just over 600,000.

1536 ➡ 1st in a long series of Inca revolts, under the leadership of Manco Inca. The revolts continued until 1572.

1546 ➡ Potosí is declared an imperial city by Charles Quint.

16th-18th centuries ➡ About 6 million Indigenous people die in silver mines.

1780/1781 ➡ Important indigenous revolt, led by Túpac Amaru.

1809 ➡ Revolt led by Pedro Domingo Murillo, which ends in a bloodbath.

1825 ➡ Independence and the first Constitution of Bolivia, following the wars led by Bolivar and Sucre in particular.

1879-1883 ➡ Pacific War, fought jointly with Peru against Chile, which wins; Bolivia loses its access to the sea.

1904 ➡ War of Acre with Brazil; Bolivia loses another large part of its territory.

1932-1935 ➡ War of the Chaco with Paraguay; Bolivia is still losing around 200,000 km² of its territory.

1952 ➡ Workers 'and peasants' revolution organized by the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement (MNR).

1967 ➡ Assassination of Ernesto Che Guevara in the south-east of the country.

1971 ➡ Coup d'état by General Banzer.

1979 ➡ A woman in the presidency: Lidia Gueiler ... but bloody coup d'état by General Garcia Meza (sentenced to 30 years in prison in the mid-1990s and since then imprisoned in the high security prison of Chochocoro, near from La Paz).

1982 ➡ Return to democracy with the leftist government of Hernan Siles Suazo.

1985 ➡ Paz Estenssoro, leader of the MNR, returns to power.

1989 ➡ Election of Jaime Paz Zamora; coalition government.

1993 ➡ Election of Gonzalo Sanchez de Lozada.

1997 ➡ Election of General Hugo Banzer.

August 2001 ➡ For health reasons, resignation of Hugo Banzer and interim of Jorge Quiroga.

June 2002 ➡ Gonzalo Sanchez de Lozada returns to power.

October 2003 ➡ Flight of the president under the pressure of incessant social movements (gas war); interim of Carlos Mesa.

June 2005 ➡ New social movements which lead to the resignation of President Mesa; formation of a provisional government led by Eduardo Rodriguez Veltzé, President of the Supreme Court.

December 2005 ➡ The Amerindian Evo Morales Ayma of the Movimiento al Socialismo (MAS) party is the first indigenous head of state elected in Bolivia. His radical positions often come up against the incomprehension of the middle classes and Cambas (The term cambas designates the inhabitants, often mixed-race, of the lowlands, as opposed to the kolas, Indians of the highlands. This duality always symbolizes the fracture of Bolivian society). However, it was necessary to act quickly and hard to reform an unequal society since the Spanish colonization.

October 2006 ➡ An agreement between the government and some twenty foreign oil companies is signed as part of the country's major plan to nationalize the country's hydrocarbons announced on May 1, 2006 by the president.

May 2008 ➡ The constitutional crisis that the country has been going through since the election of Evo Morales has still not been resolved. A referendum for the adoption of a constitutional reform is organized on May 4, but it is boycotted by the opposition.

The region of Santa Cruz, led by Ruben Costas, keeps the same date to organize a popular consultation on the autonomy of the region. Widely acclaimed, this referendum is considered illegal by the national authorities. In June, it is the turn of the regions of Pando and Beni to vote for their autonomy.

August 2008 ➡ Evo Morales organizes a recall referendum which consolidates his position with 63% of the votes in his favor. A change in political trajectory is observed with the announcement of the opening of a dialogue with the autonomist opposition.

January 2009 ➡ Approval by referendum of the new Constitution.

December 2009 ➡ Evo Morales is re-elected in the presidential elections by collecting 64.22% of the votes.

April 2010 ➡ Municipal elections which are not very favorable to the MAS.

April 2011 ➡ Incessant strikes all over the country.

August-September 2011 ➡ March of the Indians of Beni against the road project crossing a national park, leading to a violent police repression.

July 1, 2012 ➡ Bolivia cuts off diplomatic relations with Paraguay and recalls its Ambassador to Asunción, following the "political coup" against Paraguayan President Fernando Lugo.

March 2013 ➡ President Morales decides to bring the territorial (maritime littoral) dispute with Chile to the International Court of Justice.

June 2014 ➡ Bolivia hosts the G77 summit of non-aligned countries + China in Santa Cruz.

October 2014 ➡ Evo Morales is re-elected president for a five-year term.

February 21, 2016 ➡ Bolivia votes "no" in the referendum which would have allowed Evo Morales to run for a fourth term.

March 6, 2016 ➡ The president lays the foundation stone for a nuclear center in El Alto. This center will also have dedicated research and health facilities.

December 2016 ➡ Bolivia, under the leadership of a super-active Evo Morales, has the lowest unemployment rate in South America (4.1%).

June 2017 ➡ Evo Morales cools relations with the United States by denouncing the unilateral sanctions sought by President Trump against Venezuela and Russia. Sanctions against officials from these countries which, according to him, go against the international law in place and bypass its authority.

October 1, 2018, after five years of proceedings, the International Court of Justice rules on the fact that Chile does not have to negotiate with its Bolivian neighbor for access to the Pacific Ocean. Chile has already granted customs facilities to Bolivia in its old ports and does not intend to give in more.

Retrieved from "https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/index.php?title=Language/Spanish/Culture/Bolivia-Timeline&oldid=118408"