Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/Lesson-21:-Using-infinitives
◀️ Lesson 20: Using the imperative mood — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Lesson 22: Complex sentences and conjunctions ▶️ |
In this lesson, we will learn how to use the infinitive form of verbs in Persian to express purpose, obligation, permission, and possibility. The infinitive form of a verb is the base form of the verb, which does not show tense, number, or gender. It is often used in combination with other verbs to create complex sentences and express various meanings.
Infinitives in Persian[edit | edit source]
In Persian, the infinitive form of a verb is created by removing the present tense suffixes -am, -i, -ad, -im, -id, and -and from the stem of the verb. For example, the infinitive form of the verb "kardan" (to do) is "kard". The infinitive form of the verb "raftan" (to go) is "raft".
Expressing Purpose[edit | edit source]
In Persian, we use the infinitive form of a verb to express purpose. To do this, we use the verb "bara" (for) followed by the infinitive form of the verb. Here are some examples:
Iranian Persian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
من به مدرسه میروم برای خواندن | Man be madrese miravam baraye khandan | I go to school to study |
او میخرد یک کتاب برای خواندن | Ou mikharad yek ketab baraye khandan | He buys a book to read |
ما مینویسیم یک نامه برای نوشتن | Ma minevisim yek name baraye neveshtan | We write a letter to write |
Expressing Obligation[edit | edit source]
In Persian, we use the infinitive form of a verb to express obligation. To do this, we use the verb "bayad" (must) followed by the infinitive form of the verb. Here are some examples:
Iranian Persian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
من باید بخوانم | Man bayad bokhanam | I must read |
تو باید بروی | To bayad beravi | You must go |
او باید بنویسد | Ou bayad bendsad | He must write |
Expressing Permission[edit | edit source]
In Persian, we use the infinitive form of a verb to express permission. To do this, we use the verb "mishavad" (can) followed by the infinitive form of the verb. Here are some examples:
Iranian Persian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
من میتوانم بخوانم | Man mitavnam bokhanam | I can read |
تو میتوانی بروی | To mitavni beravi | You can go |
او میتواند بنویسد | Ou mitavand bendsad | He can write |
Expressing Possibility[edit | edit source]
In Persian, we use the infinitive form of a verb to express possibility. To do this, we use the verb "mitavanad" (can) followed by the infinitive form of the verb. Here are some examples:
Iranian Persian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
این کار میتواند سخت باشد | In kar mitavnad sakht bashad | This task can be difficult |
تو میتوانی بروی | To mitavni beravi | You can go |
او میتواند بنویسد | Ou mitavand bendsad | He can write |
Practice[edit | edit source]
Now, let's practice using infinitives in different contexts. Complete the following sentences with the appropriate infinitive form of the verb:
- من به پارک میروم برای [پیادهروی].
- ما باید [یادگیری] فارسی را شروع کنیم.
- تو میتوانی [پاسخ] سوالات را بدهی.
- او باید [تمرین] بیشتری بکند.
- این کار میتواند [ساده] باشد.
Conclusion[edit | edit source]
In this lesson, we have learned how to use the infinitive form of verbs in Persian to express purpose, obligation, permission, and possibility. We have seen examples of how to use infinitives in different contexts and practiced using them in sentences. By mastering the use of infinitives, you will be able to express a wide range of meanings and communicate more effectively in Persian.
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Give your Opinion
- Turn
- Plural
- Gender
- Lesson 3: Word order in Persian sentences
- Conditional Mood
- Sentense Structure
- Lesson 8: Direct object pronouns
- How to say goodbye
- Lesson 22: Complex sentences and conjunctions
◀️ Lesson 20: Using the imperative mood — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Lesson 22: Complex sentences and conjunctions ▶️ |