Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/Lesson-21:-Using-infinitives

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◀️ Lesson 20: Using the imperative mood — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Lesson 22: Complex sentences and conjunctions ▶️

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Iranian PersianGrammar0 to A1 Course → Unit 10: Imperative mood, infinitives and complex sentences → Lesson 21: Using infinitives

In this lesson, we will learn how to use the infinitive form of verbs in Persian to express purpose, obligation, permission, and possibility. The infinitive form of a verb is the base form of the verb, which does not show tense, number, or gender. It is often used in combination with other verbs to create complex sentences and express various meanings.

Infinitives in Persian[edit | edit source]

In Persian, the infinitive form of a verb is created by removing the present tense suffixes -am, -i, -ad, -im, -id, and -and from the stem of the verb. For example, the infinitive form of the verb "kardan" (to do) is "kard". The infinitive form of the verb "raftan" (to go) is "raft".

Expressing Purpose[edit | edit source]

In Persian, we use the infinitive form of a verb to express purpose. To do this, we use the verb "bara" (for) followed by the infinitive form of the verb. Here are some examples:

Iranian Persian Pronunciation English
من به مدرسه می‌روم برای خواندن Man be madrese miravam baraye khandan I go to school to study
او می‌خرد یک کتاب برای خواندن Ou mikharad yek ketab baraye khandan He buys a book to read
ما می‌نویسیم یک نامه برای نوشتن Ma minevisim yek name baraye neveshtan We write a letter to write

Expressing Obligation[edit | edit source]

In Persian, we use the infinitive form of a verb to express obligation. To do this, we use the verb "bayad" (must) followed by the infinitive form of the verb. Here are some examples:

Iranian Persian Pronunciation English
من باید بخوانم Man bayad bokhanam I must read
تو باید بروی To bayad beravi You must go
او باید بنویسد Ou bayad bendsad He must write

Expressing Permission[edit | edit source]

In Persian, we use the infinitive form of a verb to express permission. To do this, we use the verb "mishavad" (can) followed by the infinitive form of the verb. Here are some examples:

Iranian Persian Pronunciation English
من می‌توانم بخوانم Man mitavnam bokhanam I can read
تو می‌توانی بروی To mitavni beravi You can go
او می‌تواند بنویسد Ou mitavand bendsad He can write

Expressing Possibility[edit | edit source]

In Persian, we use the infinitive form of a verb to express possibility. To do this, we use the verb "mitavanad" (can) followed by the infinitive form of the verb. Here are some examples:

Iranian Persian Pronunciation English
این کار می‌تواند سخت باشد In kar mitavnad sakht bashad This task can be difficult
تو می‌توانی بروی To mitavni beravi You can go
او می‌تواند بنویسد Ou mitavand bendsad He can write

Practice[edit | edit source]

Now, let's practice using infinitives in different contexts. Complete the following sentences with the appropriate infinitive form of the verb:

  1. من به پارک می‌روم برای [پیاده‌روی].
  2. ما باید [یادگیری] فارسی را شروع کنیم.
  3. تو می‌توانی [پاسخ] سوالات را بدهی.
  4. او باید [تمرین] بیشتری بکند.
  5. این کار می‌تواند [ساده] باشد.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

In this lesson, we have learned how to use the infinitive form of verbs in Persian to express purpose, obligation, permission, and possibility. We have seen examples of how to use infinitives in different contexts and practiced using them in sentences. By mastering the use of infinitives, you will be able to express a wide range of meanings and communicate more effectively in Persian.

Table of Contents - Iranian Persian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Unit 1: Basic greetings and introductions


Unit 2: Sentence structure and basic verb conjugation


Unit 3: Talking about daily routines


Unit 4: Object pronouns and possessive pronouns


Unit 5: Persian culture and customs


Unit 6: Food and drink


Unit 7: Past tense and regular verbs conjugation


Unit 8: Persian literature and arts


Unit 9: Travel and transportation


Unit 10: Imperative mood, infinitives and complex sentences


Unit 11: Persian history and geography


Unit 12: Leisure and entertainment



Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Lesson 20: Using the imperative mood — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Lesson 22: Complex sentences and conjunctions ▶️

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