Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/Lesson-8:-Direct-object-pronouns

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◀️ Lesson 7: Talking about others' daily routines — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Lesson 9: Possessive pronouns ▶️

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Iranian Persian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Unit 4: Object pronouns and possessive pronouns → Lesson 8: Direct object pronouns

In this lesson, you will learn how to use direct object pronouns in Persian to replace and avoid repeating the noun in a sentence. Direct object pronouns are used to refer to the person or thing that receives the action of the verb directly. This lesson is part of the "Complete 0 to A1 Iranian Persian Course" and is suitable for complete beginners who want to reach the A1 level in Persian.

What are Direct Object Pronouns?

Direct object pronouns are words that replace nouns as the object of a sentence. They are used to avoid repeating the noun and make sentences more concise. In Persian, direct object pronouns come before the verb and agree in number and gender with the noun they replace.

Forms of Direct Object Pronouns

In Persian, there are different forms of direct object pronouns depending on the gender and number of the noun they replace. The forms are as follows:

Singular Pronouns

Persian Pronunciation English
من man me
تو to you (singular)
او u him/her/it

Plural Pronouns

Persian Pronunciation English
ما mâ us
شما shomâ you (plural)
آنها ânhâ them

Using Direct Object Pronouns in Sentences

To use direct object pronouns in Persian sentences, simply replace the noun with the appropriate pronoun. Here are some examples:

Example 1

  • Noun: کتاب (ketâb) - book
  • Sentence: من کتاب می‌خوانم. (Man ketâb mikhanam.) - I am reading a book.
  • Sentence with direct object pronoun: من آن را می‌خوانم. (Man ân râ mikhanam.) - I am reading it.

Example 2

  • Noun: ماشین (mâshin) - car
  • Sentence: تو ماشین داری. (To mâshin dâri.) - You have a car.
  • Sentence with direct object pronoun: تو آن را داری. (To ân râ dâri.) - You have it.

Example 3

  • Noun: سیب (sib) - apple
  • Sentence: او سیب می‌خورد. (U sib mikhord.) - He/She is eating an apple.
  • Sentence with direct object pronoun: او آن را می‌خورد. (U ân râ mikhord.) - He/She is eating it.

Position of Direct Object Pronouns

In Persian, direct object pronouns usually come before the verb in the sentence. However, in informal speech, they can also come after the verb. Here are some examples:

Example 1

  • Noun: کتاب (ketâb) - book
  • Sentence: من کتاب را می‌خوانم. (Man ketâb râ mikhanam.) - I am reading the book.
  • Sentence with direct object pronoun before the verb: من آن را می‌خوانم. (Man ân râ mikhanam.) - I am reading it.
  • Sentence with direct object pronoun after the verb (informal): من می‌خوانمش. (Man mikhanamesh.) - I am reading it.

Example 2

  • Noun: ماشین (mâshin) - car
  • Sentence: تو ماشین را داری. (To mâshin râ dâri.) - You have the car.
  • Sentence with direct object pronoun before the verb: تو آن را داری. (To ân râ dâri.) - You have it.
  • Sentence with direct object pronoun after the verb (informal): تو داریش. (To dârishe.) - You have it.

Example 3

  • Noun: سیب (sib) - apple
  • Sentence: او سیب را می‌خورد. (U sib râ mikhord.) - He/She is eating the apple.
  • Sentence with direct object pronoun before the verb: او آن را می‌خورد. (U ân râ mikhord.) - He/She is eating it.
  • Sentence with direct object pronoun after the verb (informal): او می‌خوردش. (U mikhordesh.) - He/She is eating it.

Practice Exercise

Now, let's practice using direct object pronouns in Persian sentences. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate pronoun.

1. من کتاب‌ها را می‌خوانم. (Man ketâbhâ râ mikhanam.) - I am reading the books. 2. تو ماشین‌ها را داری. (To mâshinhâ râ dâri.) - You have the cars. 3. او سیب‌ها را می‌خورد. (U sibhâ râ mikhord.) - He/She is eating the apples.

Now, replace the nouns with direct object pronouns in the sentences.

1. من ___ می‌خوانم. 2. تو ___ داری. 3. او ___ می‌خورد.

Summary

In this lesson, you learned how to use direct object pronouns in Persian to replace and avoid repeating the noun in a sentence. Direct object pronouns come before the verb and agree in number and gender with the noun they replace. You also learned about the position of direct object pronouns in Persian sentences. Make sure to practice using direct object pronouns to reinforce your learning.

Table of Contents - Iranian Persian Course - 0 to A1


Unit 1: Basic greetings and introductions


Unit 2: Sentence structure and basic verb conjugation


Unit 3: Talking about daily routines


Unit 4: Object pronouns and possessive pronouns


Unit 5: Persian culture and customs


Unit 6: Food and drink


Unit 7: Past tense and regular verbs conjugation


Unit 8: Persian literature and arts


Unit 9: Travel and transportation


Unit 10: Imperative mood, infinitives and complex sentences


Unit 11: Persian history and geography


Unit 12: Leisure and entertainment



Other Lessons



◀️ Lesson 7: Talking about others' daily routines — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Lesson 9: Possessive pronouns ▶️

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