Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Adjective-agreement-and-placement/pl
Adjective agreement and placement[edytuj | edytuj kod]
When we use adjectives in Arabic, it is important to take note of the gender and number of the noun it describes. In this lesson, we will learn how to agree and place adjectives with their corresponding nouns.
Agreement[edytuj | edytuj kod]
Adjectives in Arabic agree with the gender and number of the nouns they describe. This means that if the noun is singular and feminine, the adjective must also be singular and feminine. Similarly, if the noun is plural and masculine, the adjective must be plural and masculine.
For example:
Standard Arabic | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
فَتَاةٌ حَلْوَةٌ | fatātun ḥalwah | a sweet girl (singular feminine) |
فَتَيَّانٌ حَلْوَانِ | fatayyānun ḥalwāni | sweet boys (plural masculine) |
Placement[edytuj | edytuj kod]
In Arabic, the adjective usually comes after the noun it describes. However, in certain situations, it can come before the noun.
1. When we want to emphasize the adjective, we place it before the noun. For example:
Standard Arabic | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
شَمْسٌ حَارَّةٌ | shamsun ḥārrah | a hot sun (normal placement) |
حَارَّةٌ شَمْسٌ | ḥārrah shamsun | a hot sun (emphatic placement) |
2. When using numbers, the adjective is also placed before the noun. For example:
Standard Arabic | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
ثَلاَثَةُ كُتُبٍ حَدِيثَةٍ | thalāthatu kutubin ḥadīthatin | three new books (normal placement) |
حَدِيثَةٌ ثَلاَثَةُ كُتُبٍ | ḥadīthatun thalāthatu kutubin | three new books (emphatic placement) |
3. In some cases, the adjective can come before or after the noun with a slight change in meaning. For example:
Standard Arabic | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
رَجُلٌ كَبِيرٌ | rajulun kabeerun | an old man (normal placement) |
كَبِيرٌ رَجُلٌ | kabeerun rajulun | a man who is big in size (emphatic placement) |
With time, you will learn the contextual meaning of adjectives in Arabic and where to place them.
Practice[edytuj | edytuj kod]
Now it's time to practice what we've learned. Look at the table below and fill in the blanks with the correct adjective form.
Standard Arabic | Pronunciation | English | |
---|---|---|---|
بَنْتٌ {{_}} | waladٌ جَدِيدٌ | jadīdٌ غَنِيٌّ | ghanīٌ |
طَفْلَةٌ {{_}} | kabīrٌ جَمِيلٌ | jamīlٌ صَغِيرٌ | ṣaghīrٌ |
- صَغِيرٌ / غَنِيٌّ / جَدِيدٌ
- جَمِيلٌ / كَبِيرٌ / جَدِيدٌ
Inne lekcje[edytuj | edytuj kod]
- 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Arabskie samogłoski
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- Third conditional and mixed conditionals
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- 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Różnice między względnymi zdaniami w języku arabskim a angielskim
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- Kurs od poziomu 0 do A1 → Gramatyka → Tworzenie i umieszczanie
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- 0 to A1 Course
- Kurs od poziomu 0 do A1 → Gramatyka → Podstawowe przyimki
- Kurs od poziomu 0 do A1 → Gramatyka → Koniugacja czasu teraźniejszego