Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Third-conditional-and-mixed-conditionals

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Standard Arabic Grammar → Conditional sentences in Arabic → Third conditional and mixed conditionals

As a Standard Arabic language teacher with over 20 years of experience, I am excited to introduce you to the Third conditional and mixed conditionals in Arabic. These types of conditional sentences can be a bit more complex, but with practice, you'll be able to master them in no time!

Third Conditional

The Third conditional in Arabic is similar to the Third conditional in English. It is used to describe an impossible situation in the past, and its result. In Arabic, the Third conditional consists of two clauses, i.e. a conditional if clause and a result then clause.

The if clause describes the condition in the past, and it uses the past perfect tense (note that the past perfect tense does not exist as a separate tense in Arabic. Instead, it is formed by juxtaposing verb elements), while the result then clause describes what would have happened, and it uses the conditional perfect tense.

Here is an example to illustrate the Third conditional:

Standard Arabic	Pronunciation	English
إذا كنتُ قد أتيتُ	'idha kanatu qadd ataytu	If I had come
لكنتُ قد أحببتُ ذلك	la'-kuntu qadd 'ahabbetu dhalik	I would have liked it

Here's another example:

إذا كان قد أرادَ سعد أن يفوز بالمباراة، لكان قد أصبح أكثر تحفيزًا.

If Saad had wanted to win the match, he would have become more motivated.

Mixed Conditionals

Mixed conditionals in Arabic are similar to mixed conditionals in English. They are used to describe hypothetical situations, either real or unreal, that started in the past and continue until the present. In mixed conditionals, the if clause uses the past tense while the result then clause uses the conditional perfect.

Here's an example to illustrate the mixed conditional:

Standard Arabic	Pronunciation	English
لو كان نائمًا	law kana nayiman	If he was asleep
لكان يكون الآن مستيقظًا	la-kan yakuunu al-ana mustayiqizan	He would be awake now

Here's another example:

لو كنتُ أعرفُ الإجابة، لقد أجبتُ عن السؤال. If I knew the answer, I would have responded to the question.

Practice

It's important to practice using Third and Mixed conditionals in Arabic. Here are a few exercises to help you get started:

إذا تُريدُ الذهابَ إلى المدينةِ، فإنّكَ سَتَحتاجُ إلى تذكرةِ المُترو. ما الّذي سيحدث إذا نسيتَ تذكرتَكَ؟
لو كانت الأمطارُ في بدايةِ الأسبوعِ شديدةً، فسيتَعيّنُ علينا إلغاءّ تخييمِنا. لو كنتُ أعلمُ ذلك الأسبوعَ، لمَا ذهبتُ إلى الحديقةّ. (If it rained heavily at the beginning of the week, we will have to cancel our camping trip. If I knew that week, I would not have gone to the park.)
إذا كان عبدالرحمن يتدرب مرتين في الأسبوع، لكان قد اجتاز اختبار اللياقة البدنية. لو أفشل في هذا الاختبار، لَكَانَ قد أعاد المحاولة. (If Abdurrahman trained twice a week, he would have passed the fitness test. If he had failed in this test, he would have tried again.)

Sources

Table of Contents - Standard Arabic Course - 0 to A1

Course Presentation

Introduction to Arabic script

Nouns and gender in Arabic

Verbs and conjugation in Arabic

Numbers and counting in Arabic

Everyday Arabic vocabulary

Food and drink vocabulary

Arabic customs and traditions

Arabic music and entertainment

Adjectives in Arabic

Pronouns in Arabic

Prepositions in Arabic

Interrogatives in Arabic

Adverbs in Arabic

Transportation vocabulary

Shopping and money vocabulary

Arabic literature and poetry

Arabic calligraphy and art

Weather vocabulary

Conditional sentences in Arabic

Passive voice in Arabic

Relative clauses in Arabic

Arabic adjectives and nouns

Arabic cinema and TV

Arabic fashion and beauty

Sports and leisure vocabulary

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