Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Personal-pronouns

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Standard Arabic → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Pronouns in Arabic → Personal pronouns

In the previous lesson, we learned about the different types of pronouns in Arabic. We discovered that pronouns are used to replace nouns and can be categorized into different types, such as personal pronouns, possessive pronouns, and reflexive pronouns. In this lesson, we will focus specifically on personal pronouns in Arabic.

Subject Pronouns

Subject pronouns are used to indicate the subject of a sentence. They are typically placed before the verb and represent the person or thing performing the action. In Arabic, subject pronouns have both singular and plural forms. Let's take a look at the subject pronouns in Arabic:

Singular Subject Pronouns

• أَنَا (ana) - I
• أَنْتَ (anta) - you (masculine)
• أَنْتِ (anti) - you (feminine)
• هُوَ (huwa) - he
• هِيَ (hiya) - she

Plural Subject Pronouns

• نَحْنُ (nahnu) - we
• أَنْتُمْ (antum) - you all (masculine)
• أَنْتُنَّ (antunna) - you all (feminine)
• هُمْ (hum) - they (masculine)
• هُنَّ (hunna) - they (feminine)

It is important to note that subject pronouns are not always necessary in Arabic since the verb conjugation already indicates the subject. However, they are commonly used for emphasis or clarification.

Object Pronouns

Object pronouns are used to indicate the object of a verb or preposition. They can be either direct or indirect objects. In Arabic, object pronouns have both singular and plural forms. Let's take a look at the object pronouns in Arabic:

Singular Object Pronouns

• يَ (ya) - me
• كَ (ka) - you (masculine)
• كِ (ki) - you (feminine)
• هُ (hu) - him
• هَا (ha) - her

Plural Object Pronouns

• نَا (na) - us
• كُمْ (kum) - you all (masculine)
• كُنَّ (kunna) - you all (feminine)
• هُمْ (hum) - them (masculine)
• هُنَّ (hunna) - them (feminine)

Object pronouns in Arabic are attached to the end of verbs or prepositions. They can also be used as separate words for emphasis or clarification.

Gender and Number Agreement

In Arabic, subject and object pronouns must agree with the gender and number of the noun they are replacing. This means that the pronoun must match the noun in terms of being masculine or feminine and singular or plural. Let's take a look at some examples:

• أَنَا طَالِبٌ (ana talibun) - I am a student. (masculine singular)
• أَنَا طَالِبَةٌ (ana talibatun) - I am a student. (feminine singular)
• نَحْنُ طُلَّابٌ (nahnu tulabun) - We are students. (masculine plural)
• نَحْنُ طُلَّابَةٌ (nahnu tulabatun) - We are students. (feminine plural)

As you can see from the examples, the pronouns أَنَا (ana) and نَحْنُ (nahnu) change their form based on the gender and number of the noun they refer to.

Summary

In this lesson, we explored the different subject and object pronouns in Arabic. We learned that subject pronouns are used to indicate the subject of a sentence, while object pronouns are used to indicate the object of a verb or preposition. We also discovered that pronouns in Arabic must agree with the gender and number of the noun they replace. This ensures proper grammar and clarity in communication.

In the next lesson, we will delve into possessive pronouns in Arabic and learn how to form and use them. Stay tuned!

Table of Contents - Standard Arabic Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

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Introduction to Arabic script

• Arabic vowels
• Arabic consonants
• Basic Arabic phrases

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Nouns and gender in Arabic

• Definite and indefinite articles
• Masculine and feminine nouns

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Verbs and conjugation in Arabic

• Present tense conjugation
• Past tense conjugation
• Future tense conjugation

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Numbers and counting in Arabic

• Cardinal numbers 1-100
• Ordinal numbers

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Everyday Arabic vocabulary

• Greetings and farewells
• Colors
• Days of the week
• Months of the year

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Food and drink vocabulary

• Basic food vocabulary
• Drinks

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Arabic customs and traditions

• Islam and Arabic culture
• Arabic hospitality

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Arabic music and entertainment

• Arabic music genres
• Arabic dance

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Adjectives in Arabic

• Adjective agreement and placement
• Comparative and superlative

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Pronouns in Arabic

• Personal pronouns
• Possessive pronouns

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Prepositions in Arabic

• Basic prepositions
• Prepositions of time and place

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Interrogatives in Arabic

• Question words
• Question formation

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Adverbs in Arabic

• Formation and placement
• Negation

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Transportation vocabulary

• Public transportation
• Asking for directions

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Shopping and money vocabulary

• Money vocabulary
• Shopping vocabulary

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Arabic literature and poetry

• Classical Arabic literature
• Arabic poetry

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Arabic calligraphy and art

• History of Arabic calligraphy
• Arabic art and architecture

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Weather vocabulary

• Basic weather vocabulary
• Talking about the weather

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Conditional sentences in Arabic

• First and second conditional
• Third conditional and mixed conditionals

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Passive voice in Arabic

• Formation and usage
• Differences from the active voice

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Relative clauses in Arabic

• Formation and usage
• Differences from English relative clauses

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Arabic adjectives and nouns

• Common Arabic adjectives
• Compound nouns in Arabic

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Arabic cinema and TV

• Arabic cinema
• Arabic TV

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Arabic fashion and beauty

• Traditional Arabic dress
• Arabic beauty and cosmetics

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Sports and leisure vocabulary

• Popular Arabic sports
• Leisure activities

Other Lessons

• Read the Vowels
• First and second conditional
• Apologies
• RELATIVE PRONOUNS
• Al ham'za الهمزة
• Nouns
• THE IMPERFECT
• Past tense conjugation
• Conjugation of the verb to write in the imperfect
• Arabic vowels

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