Language/Indonesian/Vocabulary/Numbers-and-Time

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Indonesian → Vocabulary → 0 to A1 Course → Numbers and Time

Welcome to this exciting lesson on Indonesian Vocabulary → Numbers and Time! Here, we'll dive into the fascinating world of counting and telling time in Indonesian. Knowing how to express numbers and time is essential, not just for daily conversations, but also for navigating life in Indonesia, whether you're shopping at the market, catching a bus, or simply enjoying a meal with friends.

In this lesson, you will learn:

  • How to count from one to ten and beyond.
  • The vocabulary related to telling time.
  • Practical examples to help solidify your understanding.
  • Exercises to practice what you've learned.

This lesson is part of our larger course: Complete 0 to A1 Indonesian Course, and it will set a solid foundation for your ability to communicate effectively in everyday situations.

Counting in Indonesian[edit | edit source]

Counting is one of the most fundamental skills in any language. In Indonesian, counting is relatively straightforward, making it a great starting point for beginners. Let's start with the numbers from one to ten.

Indonesian Pronunciation English
satu /ˈsatu/ one
dua /ˈdua/ two
tiga /ˈtiɡa/ three
empat /ɛmˈpat/ four
lima /ˈlima/ five
enam /əˈnam/ six
tujuh /ˈtuʤu/ seven
delapan /dəˈlapan/ eight
sembilan /səmˈbilan/ nine
sepuluh /səˈpuluh/ ten

As you can see, the numbers in Indonesian are quite distinct. Now, let's extend our counting skills a bit further.

Numbers Beyond Ten[edit | edit source]

Once you master the numbers one to ten, you can easily form higher numbers by combining them. Let's look at some examples:

  • Eleven (sebelas) is literally "one ten."
  • Twelve (dua belas) is "two ten."
  • Twenty (dua puluh) is "two tens."

Here’s a table with numbers from eleven to twenty:

Indonesian Pronunciation English
sebelas /səˈbelas/ eleven
dua belas /dua bɛˈlas/ twelve
tiga belas /tiˈɡa bɛˈlas/ thirteen
empat belas /ɛmˈpat bɛˈlas/ fourteen
lima belas /ˈlima bɛˈlas/ fifteen
enam belas /əˈnam bɛˈlas/ sixteen
tujuh belas /tuˈju bɛˈlas/ seventeen
delapan belas /dəˈlapan bɛˈlas/ eighteen
sembilan belas /səmˈbilan bɛˈlas/ nineteen
dua puluh /dua ˈpu.luh/ twenty

You might notice that the structure is quite logical, which can make learning numbers easier for you.

Telling Time in Indonesian[edit | edit source]

Now that you are familiar with numbers, let’s move on to telling time. In Indonesian, asking and telling the time is a common conversation starter and an essential skill to master.

The basic question to ask the time is:

  • Jam berapa? (What time is it?)

When answering, the format is:

  • Jam [hour] [minutes]. (It is [hour] [minutes].)

For example:

  • Jam satu. (It is one o'clock.)
  • Jam dua. Lima. (It is two o'clock and five minutes.)

Here’s a table with examples of telling time:

Indonesian Pronunciation English
Jam satu /ʤam ˈsatu/ It is one o'clock
Jam dua /ʤam ˈdua/ It is two o'clock
Jam tiga /ʤam ˈtiɡa/ It is three o'clock
Jam empat /ʤam ɛmˈpat/ It is four o'clock
Jam lima /ʤam ˈlima/ It is five o'clock
Jam enam /ʤam əˈnam/ It is six o'clock
Jam tujuh /ʤam ˈtuʤu/ It is seven o'clock
Jam delapan /ʤam dəˈlapan/ It is eight o'clock
Jam sembilan /ʤam səmˈbilan/ It is nine o'clock
Jam sepuluh /ʤam səˈpuluh/ It is ten o'clock

Minutes and More Specific Time[edit | edit source]

To express minutes, you can say:

  • Jam [hour]. [minutes]
  • For example: Jam dua. tiga puluh. (It is two thirty.)

Let’s practice with more examples:

Indonesian Pronunciation English
Jam satu. sepuluh /ʤam ˈsatu səˈpuluh/ It is one ten
Jam tiga. lima belas /ʤam ˈtiɡa liˈma bɛˈlas/ It is three fifteen
Jam empat. dua puluh /ʤam ɛmˈpat dua ˈpu.luh/ It is four twenty
Jam lima. tiga puluh /ʤam ˈlima tiɡa ˈpu.luh/ It is five thirty
Jam enam. empat belas /ʤam əˈnam ɛmˈpat bɛˈlas/ It is six fourteen
Jam tujuh. dua puluh lima /ʤam ˈtuʤu dua ˈpu.luh liˈma/ It is seven twenty-five
Jam delapan. tiga /ʤam dəˈlapan tiˈɡa/ It is eight three
Jam sembilan. lima /ʤam səmˈbilan liˈma/ It is nine five
Jam sepuluh. dua /ʤam səˈpuluh dua/ It is ten two
Jam sebelas. sepuluh /ʤam səˈbelas səˈpuluh/ It is eleven ten

Each of these sentences will help you get comfortable with both numbers and time.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that we've covered the material, it’s time to put your knowledge to the test with some exercises! Here are ten exercises designed to reinforce your understanding:

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Translate the following numbers into Indonesian:

1. Four: __________

2. Eight: __________

3. Twelve: __________

4. Twenty: __________

5. Fifteen: __________

Answers:

1. Empat

2. Delapan

3. Dua belas

4. Dua puluh

5. Lima belas

Exercise 2: Match the Numbers[edit | edit source]

Match the Indonesian numbers with their English counterparts:

  • A. Tiga
  • B. Sepuluh
  • C. Sembilan
  • D. Lima
  • E. Dua

1. Nine

2. Five

3. Three

4. Two

5. Ten

Answers:

  • A - 3
  • B - 5
  • C - 1
  • D - 2
  • E - 4

Exercise 3: Telling Time[edit | edit source]

Write the time in Indonesian for the following:

1. 3:00

2. 5:30

3. 7:15

4. 1:45

5. 9:10

Answers:

1. Jam tiga.

2. Jam lima. tiga puluh.

3. Jam tujuh. lima belas.

4. Jam satu. empat puluh lima.

5. Jam sembilan. sepuluh.

Exercise 4: Convert to Time[edit | edit source]

Convert the following Indonesian time expressions into English:

1. Jam delapan.

2. Jam dua. lima.

3. Jam enam. dua puluh.

4. Jam sepuluh. lima belas.

5. Jam satu. tiga puluh.

Answers:

1. It is eight o'clock.

2. It is two and five minutes.

3. It is six twenty.

4. It is ten fifteen.

5. It is one thirty.

Exercise 5: Translation Challenge[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Indonesian:

1. It is four o'clock.

2. It is twelve fifteen.

3. What time is it?

4. It is one thirty-five.

5. It is nine forty-five.

Answers:

1. Jam empat.

2. Jam dua belas. lima belas.

3. Jam berapa?

4. Jam satu. tiga puluh lima.

5. Jam sembilan. empat puluh lima.

Exercise 6: Create Your Own Time[edit | edit source]

Write three sentences telling the time in Indonesian using different hours and minutes.

Sample Answers:

1. Jam lima. dua puluh.

2. Jam tujuh. sepuluh.

3. Jam sembilan. tiga puluh lima.

Exercise 7: Number Practice[edit | edit source]

Write the numbers from one to twenty in Indonesian.

Answers:

1. Satu

2. Dua

3. Tiga

4. Empat

5. Lima

6. Enam

7. Tujuh

8. Delapan

9. Sembilan

10. Sepuluh

11. Sebelas

12. Dua belas

13. Tiga belas

14. Empat belas

15. Lima belas

16. Enam belas

17. Tujuh belas

18. Delapan belas

19. Sembilan belas

20. Dua puluh

Exercise 8: Listening Comprehension[edit | edit source]

Listen to a native speaker tell the time and write down what they say in Indonesian.

Answers will vary based on the audio provided.

Exercise 9: Real-Life Scenario[edit | edit source]

Imagine you are at a market. Ask a vendor: "What time do you close?"

Answer:

Jam berapa kamu tutup?

Exercise 10: Daily Routine[edit | edit source]

Write a short paragraph about your daily routine including at least five times you do activities.

Sample Answer:

Saya bangun jam enam. Saya sarapan jam tujuh. Saya pergi ke sekolah jam delapan. Saya pulang rumah jam dua. Saya tidur jam sepuluh.

As you practice these exercises, you'll not only reinforce your vocabulary but also gain confidence in using numbers and telling time in Indonesian!

Remember, practice makes perfect! Don't hesitate to repeat these exercises and review the vocabulary until you feel comfortable. Enjoy your journey in learning Indonesian and stay tuned for the next lesson where we will explore days, months, and seasons!

Table of Contents - Indonesian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Pronouns and Greetings


Basic Grammar


Daily Life


Sentence Structure


Indonesian Culture


Travel and Transportation


Verb Tenses


Shopping and Bargaining


Indonesian Arts


Modal Verbs


Colors and Shapes


Comparative and Superlative


Indonesian Traditions


Emergencies


Indirect and Direct Speech


Jobs and Professions


Indonesian Holidays

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