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Revision as of 17:42, 29 March 2023
◀️ Past Tense — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Basic Shopping Phrases ▶️ |
The future tense is used in Indonesian to talk about actions or events that will happen in the future. Unlike the past tense and present tense, which are formed through suffixes and infixes, the future tense is usually formed using certain words. In this lesson, we will learn about four common Indonesian words used to indicate future tense: akan, sudah, belum, and nanti.
After mastering this lesson, these related pages might interest you: Negation & Prepositions.
Akan
"Akan" is the most common word used to indicate future tense in Indonesian. Here's how to use it:
- Begin with the subject.
- Add the word "akan".
- Add the verb.
Note: The word "akan" always comes before the verb in Indonesian sentences.
Examples
Indonesian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
Saya akan makan nasi goreng. | Sah-yah ah-kahn mah-kahn nah-see goh-reng | I will eat fried rice. |
Anda akan pergi ke mana besok? | Ahn-dah ah-kahn peh-ree keh mah-nah beh-sohk | Where will you go tomorrow? |
Mereka akan belajar bahasa Indonesia. | Meh-reh-kah ah-kahn beh-lah-jahr bah-hah-sah In-doh-nee-see-ah | They will learn Indonesian language. |
Sudah
"Sudah" is another common word used to indicate future tense in Indonesian. Here's how to use it:
- Begin with the subject.
- Add the verb.
- Add "sudah" before the verb.
Note: The word "sudah" always comes before the verb in Indonesian sentences.
"Sudah" indicates that an action will be completed in the near future. It can be translated using "already" or "soon".
Examples
Indonesian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
Saya sudah pulang. | Sah-yah soo-dah poo-lahng | I will soon go home. |
Dia sudah mendaftar kuliah. | Dee-ah soo-dah men-dahf-tahr koo-le-ah | He has already registered for college. |
Kita sudah makan siang. | Kee-tah soo-dah mah-kahn see-yahng | We have already eaten lunch. |
Belum
"Belum" is the opposite of "sudah" and is used to indicate that an action has not been completed yet in the future. Here's how to use it:
- Begin with the subject.
- Add the verb.
- Add "belum" before the verb.
Note: The word "belum" always comes before the verb in Indonesian sentences.
"Belum" can be translated using "not yet".
Examples
Indonesian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
Saya belum makan siang. | Sah-yah beh-luhm mah-kahn see-yahng | I have not eaten lunch yet. |
Mereka belum memutuskan apa yang akan dilakukan. | Meh-reh-kah beh-luhm meh-moo-toos-kahn ah-pah yahng ah-kahn dee-lah-kahn | They haven't decided what they will do yet. |
Anda belum berbicara dengan bos Anda. | Ahn-dah beh-luhm berr-bee-cha-rah dehng-ahn bohs Ahn-dah | You haven't talked to your boss yet. |
Nanti
"Nanti" means "later" and is often used to talk about something that will happen in the future, but without a specific time. Here's how to use it:
- Begin with the subject.
- Add the word "nanti".
- Add the verb.
Note: The word "nanti" always comes before the verb in Indonesian sentences.
Examples
Indonesian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
Saya akan menelepon Anda nanti. | Sah-yah ah-kahn meh-neh-leh-pohn Ahn-dah nahn-tee | I will call you later. |
Dia akan datang ke pesta nanti. | Dee-ah ah-kahn dah-tahng keh peh-stah nahn-tee | He will come to the party later. |
Kita akan membicarakan rencana nanti. | Kee-tah ah-kahn mehm-bee-cha-rah-kahn rehn-chahn-nah nahn-tee | We will discuss the plan later. |
Learning how to use these basic words can help you talk about future events and plans in Indonesian. With practice and regular use, you'll get more comfortable with constructing Indonesian sentences in the future tense.
Sources
- Indonesian Tenses: Expressing the Past, Present, and Future
- Indonesian Verb Tenses - ielanguages.com
- A Corpus-Based Analysis of Future Tense Markers in Indonesian ...
Other Lessons
- Present Tense
- Indefinite Articles in Indonesian
- 0 to A1 Course
- Weather in Indonesian
- Adjectives
- Give your Opinion
- Past Tense
- Comaratives and Superlatives
- Negation and Affirmation
◀️ Past Tense — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Basic Shopping Phrases ▶️ |