Language/French/Grammar/Conjugation-group-3-—-verbs-with-infinitives-which-end-in-—re

Conjugation group 3 — verbs with infinitives which end in —re (e.g. vendre)

Indicatif

Présent

je vends

tu vends

il vend

nous vendons

vous vendez

ils vendent

Passé composé

j'ai vendu

tu as vendu

il a vendu

nous avons vendu

vous avez vendu

ils ont vendu

Imparfait

je vendais

tu vendais

il vendait

nous vendions

vous vendiez

ils vendaient

Plus-que-parfait

j'avais vendu

tu avais vendu

il avait vendu

nous avions vendu

vous aviez vendu

ils avaient vendu

Passé simple

je vendis

tu vendis

il vendit

nous vendîmes

vous vendîtes

ils vendirent

Passé antérieur

j'eus vendu

tu eus vendu

il eut vendu

nous eûmes vendu

vous eûtes vendu

ils eurent vendu

Futur simple

je vendrai

tu vendras

il vendra

nous vendrons

vous vendrez

ils vendront

Futur antérieur

j'aurai vendu

tu auras vendu

il aura vendu

nous aurons vendu

vous aurez vendu

ils auront vendu

Subjonctif

Présent

que je vende

que tu vendes

qu'il vende

que nous vendions

que vous vendiez

qu'ils vendent

Passé

que j'aie vendu

que tu aies vendu

qu'il ait vendu

que nous ayons vendu

que vous ayez vendu

qu'ils aient vendu

Imparfait

que je vendisse

que tu vendisses

qu'il vendît

que nous vendissions

que vous vendissiez

qu'ils vendissent

Plus-que-parfait

que j'eusse vendu

que tu eusses vendu

qu'il eût vendu

que nous eussions vendu

que vous eussiez vendu

qu'ils eussent vendu

Conditionnel

Présent

je vendrais

tu vendrais

il vendrait

nous vendrions

vous vendriez

ils vendraient

Passé première forme

j'aurais vendu

tu aurais vendu

il aurait vendu

nous aurions vendu

vous auriez vendu

ils auraient vendu

Passé deuxième forme

j'eusse vendu

tu eusses vendu

il eût vendu

nous eussions vendu

vous eussiez vendu

ils eussent vendu 

Impératif

Présent

vends

vendons

vendez

Passé

aie vendu

ayons vendu

ayez vendu  

Participe

Présent

vendant

Passé

vendu

vendue

vendus

vendues

ayant vendu  

Infinitif

Présent

vendre

Passé

avoir vendu  

Gérondif

Présent

en vendant

Passé

en ayant vendu  

Notes

• A few verbs follow this pattern in its entirety, especially those ending in -andre, -endre, -ondre, -erdre, -ordre, e.g. épandre, répandre, attendre, défendre, descendre, détendre, entendre, étendre, fendre, prétendre, rendre, tendre, vendre, confondre, correspondre, fondre, pondre, répondre, tondre, mordre, perdre, tordre.

• Other verbs which have sufficient differences to be listed individually as irregular verbs are: prendre (and compounds of prendre), rompre (and compounds of rompre), battre (and compounds of battre), vaincre (and compounds of vaincre), verbs ending in -a/e/oindre: contraindre, craindre, plaindre, enfreindre, éteindre, étreindre, astreindre, atteindre, ceindre, dépeindre, déteindre, enceindre, feindre, geindre, peindre, restreindre, teindre, joindre, and verbs ending in -aître: apparaître, connaître, disparaître, méconnaître, paraître, reconnaître, repaître, accroître, décroître, croître.

• A distinct group of verbs end in -uire, e.g. conduire, construire, cuire, déduire, détruire, enduire, introduire, produire, séduire, traduire. These all follow the same pattern which is illustrated by construire.

Other Chapters

Table of Contents

Nouns

• Types
• Gender
• Plural

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Determiners

• Articles
• Typical use of the definite article
• Typical use of the indefinite article
• The partitive article: du, de l', de la, des
• Use of indefinite and partitive articles after the negative forms ne... pas, ne... jamais, ne... plus, ne... guère
• Omission of the article
• Demonstrative determiners
• Possessive determiners

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Personal and impersonal pronouns

• Subject pronouns
• Object pronouns
• Stressed pronouns
• Demonstrative pronouns
• Possessive pronouns

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Adjectives

• Adjectives modifying the noun
• Adjectives which follow verbs or verbal expressions
• Adjectives with complements
• Indefinite and negative noun phrases with adjective complements
• Adjectives used as nouns
• Adjectives used as adverbs
• Masculine and feminine forms of adjectives
• Plural forms of adjectives
• Adjective agreement with nouns
• Invariable adjectives
• Compound adjectives
• Comparative and superlative forms of adjectives
• Subjunctive versus indicative in clauses dependent on a superlative adjective
• Absolute use of the superlative

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Adverbs

• Function of adverbs
• Formation of adverbs with the ending -ment
• Adjectives used as adverbs without addition of -ment
• Phrases used as adverbs
• English and French adverb formation
• Types of adverbs
• Location of adverbs

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Numbers, measurements, time and quantifiers

• Cardinal numbers
• Ordinal numbers
• Fractions
• Some differences in the use of cardinal and ordinal numbers in French and English
• Measurements and comparisons
• Dates, days, years
• Clock time
• Money
• Quantifiers

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Verb forms

• Conjugations
• Easy ways of generating some parts of the paradigms
• Changes in the stem form of some -er conjugation verbs
• Verbs whose stems end in c- or g-
• Verb paradigms

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Verb constructions

• Relations between verbs and their complements
• Intransitive constructions
• Directly transitive verbs
• Indirectly transitive verbs
• Ditransitive verbs
• The passive
• Pronominal verbs
• Impersonal verbs
• Verbs which take noun + adjective or noun + noun complements

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Verb and participle agreement

• Subject-verb agreement
• Agreement of the past participle with the subject of être
• Agreement of the past participle of verbs conjugated with avoir with a preceding direct object
• Agreement of the past participle of pronominal verbs in compound tenses

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Tense

• The present
• The past
• The future
• Other tenses indicating the time at which events occur relative to other events
• Combining tenses
• Tenses in direct and reported descriptions of events
• Tenses with si

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The subjunctive, modal verbs, exclamatives and imperatives

• The attitude of the subject to events: the subjunctive
• The use of devoir, pouvoir, savoir, falloir
• The French equivalents of the English modal verbs: 'would', 'should', 'could', 'may', 'might', 'ought to', and 'must'
• Exclamatives
• Imperatives

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The infinitive

• Introduction: what are infinitives?
• Infinitives as complements to other verbs
• Verbs which take infinitive complements without a linking preposition
• Verbs which take infinitive complements preceded by the preposition à
• Verbs which take an infinitive complement preceded by de
• Omission of objects before infinitives
• Infinitives as complements to adjectives
• Infinitives as complements to nouns
• Infinitives in subordinate clauses
• Infinitives as polite commands
• Quick-reference index to verbs taking infinitive complements

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Prepositions

• Introduction
• Prepositions listed alphabetically from à to vers
• French translations for common English prepositions

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Question formation

• Introduction
• Yes/no questions
• Information questions
• Order of object pronouns in questions involving inversion
• Order of negative particles in questions involving inversion
• Use of question words and phrases: qui?, que?, quoi?, quel?, de qui?, avec combien de? etc.
• Indirect questions

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Relative clauses

• Introduction
• Use of relative qui
• Use of relative que
• Preposition plus qui
• Use of lequel in relative clauses
• Use of dont, de qui, duquel/de laquelle/desquels/desquelles
• The use of où as a relative pronoun
• Use of relative quoi
• Free relative clauses and the use of ce qui, ce que, ce dont, ce à quoi, ce sur quoi, etc.
• Translating 'whoever', 'whatever', 'wherever', 'whenever', 'however'
• Indicative and subjunctive in relative clauses

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Negation

• Introduction
• Location of sentence negators
• Order of negators in multiple negation
• Omission of ne in sentence negation
• Order of negative elements in questions and imperatives
• ne... pas
• ne... que
• ne... aucun(e), ne... nul(le)
• ne... jamais
• ne... plus
• ne... guère
• ne... rien
• ne... personne
• ne... ni... ni
• sans used with other negators
• ne used alone

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Conjunctions and other linking constructions

• Introduction
• Coordinating conjunctions
• Subordinating conjunctions
• Conjunctions sometimes confused by English speakers
• Repeated subordinating conjunctions
• Subordinating conjunctions used with infinitive clauses
• après avoir/ être + past participle linking an infinitive clause to a main clause
• Past participle phrases used as linkers
• Present participles and gerunds

Other Lessons

• il or ça with impersonal verbs
• Talk about Prices
• Ordinal numbers as fractions
• Years
• Position of y and en with negative infinitives
• Use of indefinite and partitive articles after the negative forms
• "J'ai eu" or "j'avais"
• How to use “et” in cardinal numbers
• Omission of the article with nouns in apposition
• Nouns that are only masculine or only feminine But may refer to both men and women
• Differences in the use of numbers in French and English Addresses
• Pronouns
• Impersonal verbs
• Verb forms — Conjugations
• Easy way of generating the imperative mood