Language/Polish/Vocabulary/Numbers-and-Counting
Introduction
Welcome to the lesson on numbers and counting in Polish! In this lesson, you will learn how to count in Polish and use numbers in everyday situations. Numbers are an essential part of any language, and mastering them will greatly enhance your ability to communicate effectively in Polish. So let's get started!
Cardinal Numbers
Cardinal numbers are used to represent the quantity or the number of things. In Polish, cardinal numbers are used in various contexts, such as counting objects, telling time, giving phone numbers, and more. Here is a table showing the cardinal numbers from 0 to 10:
Polish | Pronunciation | English Translation |
---|---|---|
zero | zeh-roh | zero |
jeden | ye-den | one |
dwa | dvah | two |
trzy | tshih | three |
cztery | ch-teh-rih | four |
pięć | pyehnts | five |
sześć | shehshch | six |
siedem | shye-dem | seven |
osiem | oh-syem | eight |
dziewięć | dyeh-vye-nyh | nine |
dziesięć | dyeh-syehnts | ten |
It's important to note that the pronunciation provided here is just an approximation and may vary depending on regional accents.
Counting Objects
When counting objects in Polish, you need to use the appropriate form of the noun depending on the number. In Polish, nouns have different forms called cases, which indicate their grammatical role in a sentence. For example, when counting apples, you would use the nominative case:
- jeden jabłko (one apple)
- dwa jabłka (two apples)
- pięć jabłek (five apples)
Notice how the form of the noun "jabłko" changes depending on the number. This is a common feature in many Slavic languages, including Polish.
Telling Time
In Polish, cardinal numbers are also used to tell time. Here are some examples:
- Jest pierwsza (It's one o'clock)
- Jest druga (It's two o'clock)
- Jest piąta (It's five o'clock)
Remember that in Polish, the hour is usually expressed using the feminine form of the ordinal number, while the minutes are expressed using the cardinal number.
Giving Phone Numbers
When giving phone numbers in Polish, you would use the cardinal numbers. Here is an example:
- Mój numer telefonu to siedem siedem dziewięć pięć cztery trzy jeden dwa (My phone number is 77954312)
Remember to use the appropriate form of the noun "numer telefonu" (phone number) depending on the context.
Ordinal Numbers
Ordinal numbers are used to indicate the order or position of something in a sequence. In Polish, ordinal numbers are formed by adding a suffix to the cardinal number. Here is a table showing the ordinal numbers from 1st to 10th:
Polish | Pronunciation | English Translation |
---|---|---|
pierwszy | pyer-vshee | first |
drugi | droo-gee | second |
trzeci | tshyeh-tsee | third |
czwarty | ch-var-tee | fourth |
piąty | pyan-tih | fifth |
szósty | shoshtih | sixth |
siódmy | shoo-ohd-mih | seventh |
ósmy | oos-mih | eighth |
dziewiąty | dyeh-vya-nee-tee | ninth |
dziesiąty | dyeh-shan-tee | tenth |
Just like with cardinal numbers, the pronunciation provided here is an approximation and may vary depending on regional accents.
Dates
Ordinal numbers are commonly used when talking about dates in Polish. Here are a few examples:
- pierwszego stycznia (January 1st)
- czternastego lutego (February 14th)
- dwudziestego piątego grudnia (December 25th)
Remember to use the appropriate form of the ordinal number depending on the gender and case of the noun it modifies.
Ranking
Ordinal numbers are also used to express ranking or position. For example:
- Pierwsze miejsce (First place)
- Drugi największy (The second largest)
- Trzecia strona (The third page)
Fractions
In Polish, fractions are expressed using ordinal numbers. Here are a few examples:
- pół (half)
- trzecia część (one-third)
- jedna czwarta (one-fourth)
Remember that the noun following the fraction should be in the genitive case.
Additional Vocabulary
Here are some additional vocabulary words related to numbers and counting:
- liczba (number)
- dwadzieścia (twenty)
- trzydzieści (thirty)
- czterdzieści (forty)
- pięćdziesiąt (fifty)
- sto (one hundred)
- tysiąc (one thousand)
- milion (one million)
Feel free to practice using these words in various contexts to improve your understanding of numbers and counting in Polish.
Conclusion
Congratulations! You have learned how to count in Polish and use numbers in everyday situations. Numbers are an essential part of any language, and by mastering them, you will be able to communicate more effectively in Polish. Keep practicing and using numbers in different contexts to reinforce your knowledge. In the next lesson, we will explore colors and shapes in Polish. Do zobaczenia! (See you later!)
Videos
Learn Polish - Polish in 3 Minutes - Numbers 1-10 - YouTube
Learn Polish - Polish in 3 Minutes - Numbers 11-100 - YouTube
HOW TO COUNT IN POLISH + NUMBERS // ItsEwelina - YouTube
Polish Numbers from 0 to 20 - YouTube
The Ultimate Guide to Numbers in Polish - YouTube
Sources
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