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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Indonesian|Indonesian]]  → [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Superlative</div>
Welcome to another exciting lesson in our "Complete 0 to A1 Indonesian Course"! Today, we’re diving into the fascinating world of '''superlatives''' in Indonesian. Understanding superlatives is essential for expressing the highest degree of qualities and making comparisons that add depth to your conversations. Whether you want to describe the best food, the tallest mountain, or the friendliest person, mastering this topic will significantly enhance your ability to communicate in Indonesian.
'''Lesson Structure:'''
1. '''Introduction to Superlatives'''
2. '''Understanding the Forms: Paling and Ter...di'''
3. '''Examples of Superlatives'''


<div class="pg_page_title">Indonesian Grammar → Comparative and Superlative → Superlative</div>
4. '''Practice Exercises'''
 
5. '''Detailed Solutions and Explanations'''
 
Now, let’s get started!


__TOC__
__TOC__


Comparative and superlative are important elements of grammar in any language. In Indonesian, the superlative is used to indicate the highest degree or level of comparison. In this lesson, you will learn how to use superlatives in Indonesian: "paling," "ter...di."
=== Introduction to Superlatives ===
 
In Indonesian, superlatives are used to indicate that something has the highest degree of a certain quality. There are two primary ways to form superlatives in Indonesian: using '''paling''' and the prefix '''ter-''' with adjectives.
 
* '''Paling''' is used to denote "the most" in a general sense.
 
* The prefix '''ter-''' is applied to create a superlative form of an adjective, indicating "the best" or "the most."
 
For instance, if you want to say "the tallest", you can use either '''paling tinggi''' or '''tertinggi'''.
 
=== Understanding the Forms: Paling and Ter...di ===
 
==== Paling ====
 
* '''Paling''' + adjective is the more straightforward approach to forming superlatives.
 
* It can be used with any adjective and is commonly understood.
 
'''Examples:'''
 
* Paling baik (the best)
 
* Paling cepat (the fastest)
 
==== Ter...di ====


* '''Ter-''' is a prefix that is added to the root of an adjective.


<span link>Don't miss the chance to check out these pages as you wrap up this lesson: [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Indirect-Speech|Indirect Speech]] & [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Word-Order|Word Order]].</span>
* It is often used for adjectives that already imply a comparison.
== Superlative in Indonesian ==


The superlative in Indonesian is used to indicate the highest degree or level of comparison. There are two types of superlative in Indonesian:
'''Examples:'''


1. "Paling"
* Tertinggi (the tallest)
2. "Ter...di"


"Paling" is used to compare two or more things, while "ter...di" is used to highlight the extreme quality of something.
* Terindah (the prettiest)


Here are some examples:
=== Examples of Superlatives ===
 
Let’s take a look at some examples of superlatives in action:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Indonesian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Indonesian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Paling tinggi || paling ˈtiŋi || the tallest
|-
| Paling cepat || paling tʃəˈpat || the fastest
|-
| Paling baik || paling baˈik || the best
|-
| Paling cantik || paling tʃanˈtik || the prettiest
|-
| Tertinggi || tərˈtiŋi || the tallest
|-
| Terindah || tərˈinda || the most beautiful
|-
| Terjauh || tərˈdʒauh || the farthest
|-
| Terbaik || tərˈbaik || the best
|-
| Tercepat || tərˈtʃəpat || the fastest
|-
| Paling pintar || paling ˈpintar || the smartest
|-
| Paling tua || paling ˈtua || the oldest
|-
| Paling gemuk || paling ɡəˈmuk || the fattest
|-
| Paling menarik || paling mɛnˈarik || the most interesting
|-
|-
| Hari ini adalah hari paling indah dalam hidup saya. || hah-ree ee-nee ah-dah-lah hah-ree pah-leeng een-dah dah-lam hee-doop sah-yah || Today is the most beautiful day in my life.
 
| Termahal || tərˈmahal || the most expensive
 
|-
|-
| Dia paling pandai di kelas. || dee-ah pah-leeng pan-dye dee klahs || She is the smartest in the class.
 
| Terjelek || tərˈdʒɛlɛk || the worst
 
|-
|-
| Lukisan itu terindah di dunia. || loo-kee-sahn ee-too tehr-een-dah dee doo-nee-ah || That painting is the most beautiful in the world.
 
| Terdekat || tərˈdɛkat || the nearest
 
|-
 
| Terbesar || tərˈbɛsar || the biggest
 
|-
 
| Tercepat || tərˈtʃəpat || the fastest
 
|-
 
| Terkecil || tərˈkəʧil || the smallest
 
|-
 
| Tercepat || tərˈtʃəpat || the quickest
 
|}
|}


As you can see, "paling" is translated as "most" in English, while "ter...di" is translated as "the most."
As you can see, both '''paling''' and '''ter-''' forms allow us to express superlatives effectively.
 
=== Practice Exercises ===
 
Now, let’s put your understanding to the test! Here are some exercises to help you practice forming and using superlatives in Indonesian.
 
1. Translate the following sentences into Indonesian using superlatives:
 
* She is the smartest student in the class.
 
* This book is the most interesting I’ve ever read.
 
* This restaurant is the best in town.
 
* Mount Everest is the tallest mountain in the world.
 
* He runs the fastest in the team.
 
2. Fill in the blanks with the correct superlative form (paling or ter-):
 
* Dia adalah _____ (pintar) di sekolah. (He is the smartest in school.)
 
* Ini adalah makanan _____ (enak) yang pernah saya coba. (This is the most delicious food I have ever tried.)
 
* Jakarta adalah kota _____ (besar) di Indonesia. (Jakarta is the biggest city in Indonesia.)
 
* Dia adalah orang _____ (baik) yang saya kenal. (He is the best person I know.)
 
* Ini adalah film _____ (menarik) yang saya lihat. (This is the most interesting movie I have seen.)
 
3. Create your own sentences using the superlative forms of the following adjectives:
 
* cepat (fast)
 
* mahal (expensive)
 
* tua (old)
 
* kecil (small)
 
* indah (beautiful)
 
4. Choose the correct superlative form to complete these sentences:


== Examples of Superlative in Indonesian ==
* Dia adalah _____ (paling/ter) kaya di antara kita. (He is the richest among us.)


Here are some more examples of the superlative in Indonesian:
* Ini adalah _____ (paling/ter) mahal di toko ini. (This is the most expensive in this store.)


* Dia adalah pemain sepak bola paling terkenal di Indonesia. (He is the most famous soccer player in Indonesia.)
* Ia adalah _____ (paling/ter) tinggi di sekolah. (He is the tallest in school.)
* Lagu ini adalah lagu terindah yang pernah saya dengar. (This song is the most beautiful song I have ever heard.)
* Gunung Bromo adalah gunung berapi paling aktif di Jawa Timur. (Mount Bromo is the most active volcano in East Java.)
* Film ini adalah film terbaik yang pernah saya tonton. (This movie is the best movie I have ever watched.)


== Tips and Tricks ==
* Film itu adalah _____ (paling/ter) menarik yang saya tonton. (That movie is the most interesting I have watched.)


Here are some tips and tricks to help you use the superlative in Indonesian:
* Ini adalah mobil _____ (paling/ter) cepat di dunia. (This is the fastest car in the world.)


* Use "paling" to compare two or more things.
5. Match the Indonesian sentences with their English translations:
* Use "ter...di" to highlight the extreme quality of something.
* Pay attention to the context to determine which superlative to use.


== Exercises ==
* a. Dia adalah pelari _____ (tercepat) di dunia.


* Translate the following sentences into Indonesian:
* b. Ini adalah rumah _____ (terindah) di desa.


1. She is the most beautiful girl in the school.
* c. Dia adalah siswa _____ (pintar) di kelas.
2. This is the most delicious food I have ever tasted.
3. The book is the best book I have ever read.
4. He is the most talented musician in the band.


<span class='maj'></span>
* d. Ini adalah tempat _____ (paling dekat) dari sini.
==Sources==
 
* [https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Comaratives-and-Superlatives Indonesian Grammar - Comaratives and Superlatives]
* e. Dia adalah guru _____ (terbaik) yang saya miliki.
* [https://ielanguages.com/indonesian-comparative.html Indonesian Comparative and Superlative - ielanguages.com]
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1.
 
* Dia adalah siswa paling pintar di kelas.
 
* Buku ini adalah yang paling menarik yang pernah saya baca.
 
* Restoran ini adalah yang terbaik di kota.
 
* Gunung Everest adalah gunung tertinggi di dunia.
 
* Dia berlari tercepat di tim.
 
2.
 
* Dia adalah '''yang paling pintar''' di sekolah.
 
* Ini adalah makanan '''paling enak''' yang pernah saya coba.
 
* Jakarta adalah kota '''terbesar''' di Indonesia.
 
* Dia adalah orang '''terbaik''' yang saya kenal.
 
* Ini adalah film '''paling menarik''' yang saya lihat.
 
3.
 
* '''Contoh kalimat:'''
 
* Mobil ini adalah yang '''tercepat''' di jalan ini.
 
* Ini adalah tas yang '''paling mahal''' di toko.
 
* Dia adalah guru '''tertua''' di sekolah.
 
* Anjing ini adalah yang '''terkecil''' di antara mereka.
 
* Pemandangan ini adalah yang '''terindah''' yang pernah saya lihat.
 
4.
 
* Dia adalah '''ter'''kaya di antara kita.
 
* Ini adalah '''paling''' mahal di toko ini.
 
* Ia adalah '''ter'''tinggi di sekolah.
 
* Film itu adalah '''paling''' menarik yang saya tonton.
 
* Ini adalah mobil '''ter'''cepat di dunia.
 
5.
 
* a. He is the fastest runner in the world.
 
* b. This is the most beautiful house in the village.
 
* c. He is the smartest student in the class.
 
* d. This is the closest place from here.
 
* e. He is the best teacher I have.
 
Congratulations on completing this lesson on superlatives in Indonesian! With practice and application, you will become more confident in using these forms in your conversations. Keep practicing, and soon you will be able to express yourself more vividly in Indonesian!


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Indonesian Grammar: Comparative and Superlative → Superlative
 
|keywords=Indonesian grammar, superlative, paling, ter
|title=Indonesian Grammar: Superlative
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use superlatives in Indonesian: "paling," "ter...di."
 
|keywords=Indonesian superlative, paling, ter-, Indonesian grammar, learning Indonesian, complete Indonesian course
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use superlatives in Indonesian, including the forms paling and ter...di, with examples and practice exercises.
 
}}
}}


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==Sources==
* [https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Comaratives-and-Superlatives Indonesian Grammar - Comaratives and Superlatives]
* [https://ielanguages.com/indonesian-comparative.html Indonesian Comparative and Superlative - ielanguages.com]


==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]


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Latest revision as of 19:52, 31 July 2024

◀️ Comparative — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Indonesian Weddings ▶️

Indonesian-flag-polyglotclub.png
Indonesian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Superlative

Welcome to another exciting lesson in our "Complete 0 to A1 Indonesian Course"! Today, we’re diving into the fascinating world of superlatives in Indonesian. Understanding superlatives is essential for expressing the highest degree of qualities and making comparisons that add depth to your conversations. Whether you want to describe the best food, the tallest mountain, or the friendliest person, mastering this topic will significantly enhance your ability to communicate in Indonesian.

Lesson Structure:

1. Introduction to Superlatives

2. Understanding the Forms: Paling and Ter...di

3. Examples of Superlatives

4. Practice Exercises

5. Detailed Solutions and Explanations

Now, let’s get started!

Introduction to Superlatives[edit | edit source]

In Indonesian, superlatives are used to indicate that something has the highest degree of a certain quality. There are two primary ways to form superlatives in Indonesian: using paling and the prefix ter- with adjectives.

  • Paling is used to denote "the most" in a general sense.
  • The prefix ter- is applied to create a superlative form of an adjective, indicating "the best" or "the most."

For instance, if you want to say "the tallest", you can use either paling tinggi or tertinggi.

Understanding the Forms: Paling and Ter...di[edit | edit source]

Paling[edit | edit source]

  • Paling + adjective is the more straightforward approach to forming superlatives.
  • It can be used with any adjective and is commonly understood.

Examples:

  • Paling baik (the best)
  • Paling cepat (the fastest)

Ter...di[edit | edit source]

  • Ter- is a prefix that is added to the root of an adjective.
  • It is often used for adjectives that already imply a comparison.

Examples:

  • Tertinggi (the tallest)
  • Terindah (the prettiest)

Examples of Superlatives[edit | edit source]

Let’s take a look at some examples of superlatives in action:

Indonesian Pronunciation English
Paling tinggi paling ˈtiŋi the tallest
Paling cepat paling tʃəˈpat the fastest
Paling baik paling baˈik the best
Paling cantik paling tʃanˈtik the prettiest
Tertinggi tərˈtiŋi the tallest
Terindah tərˈinda the most beautiful
Terjauh tərˈdʒauh the farthest
Terbaik tərˈbaik the best
Tercepat tərˈtʃəpat the fastest
Paling pintar paling ˈpintar the smartest
Paling tua paling ˈtua the oldest
Paling gemuk paling ɡəˈmuk the fattest
Paling menarik paling mɛnˈarik the most interesting
Termahal tərˈmahal the most expensive
Terjelek tərˈdʒɛlɛk the worst
Terdekat tərˈdɛkat the nearest
Terbesar tərˈbɛsar the biggest
Tercepat tərˈtʃəpat the fastest
Terkecil tərˈkəʧil the smallest
Tercepat tərˈtʃəpat the quickest

As you can see, both paling and ter- forms allow us to express superlatives effectively.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now, let’s put your understanding to the test! Here are some exercises to help you practice forming and using superlatives in Indonesian.

1. Translate the following sentences into Indonesian using superlatives:

  • She is the smartest student in the class.
  • This book is the most interesting I’ve ever read.
  • This restaurant is the best in town.
  • Mount Everest is the tallest mountain in the world.
  • He runs the fastest in the team.

2. Fill in the blanks with the correct superlative form (paling or ter-):

  • Dia adalah _____ (pintar) di sekolah. (He is the smartest in school.)
  • Ini adalah makanan _____ (enak) yang pernah saya coba. (This is the most delicious food I have ever tried.)
  • Jakarta adalah kota _____ (besar) di Indonesia. (Jakarta is the biggest city in Indonesia.)
  • Dia adalah orang _____ (baik) yang saya kenal. (He is the best person I know.)
  • Ini adalah film _____ (menarik) yang saya lihat. (This is the most interesting movie I have seen.)

3. Create your own sentences using the superlative forms of the following adjectives:

  • cepat (fast)
  • mahal (expensive)
  • tua (old)
  • kecil (small)
  • indah (beautiful)

4. Choose the correct superlative form to complete these sentences:

  • Dia adalah _____ (paling/ter) kaya di antara kita. (He is the richest among us.)
  • Ini adalah _____ (paling/ter) mahal di toko ini. (This is the most expensive in this store.)
  • Ia adalah _____ (paling/ter) tinggi di sekolah. (He is the tallest in school.)
  • Film itu adalah _____ (paling/ter) menarik yang saya tonton. (That movie is the most interesting I have watched.)
  • Ini adalah mobil _____ (paling/ter) cepat di dunia. (This is the fastest car in the world.)

5. Match the Indonesian sentences with their English translations:

  • a. Dia adalah pelari _____ (tercepat) di dunia.
  • b. Ini adalah rumah _____ (terindah) di desa.
  • c. Dia adalah siswa _____ (pintar) di kelas.
  • d. Ini adalah tempat _____ (paling dekat) dari sini.
  • e. Dia adalah guru _____ (terbaik) yang saya miliki.

Answers:

1.

  • Dia adalah siswa paling pintar di kelas.
  • Buku ini adalah yang paling menarik yang pernah saya baca.
  • Restoran ini adalah yang terbaik di kota.
  • Gunung Everest adalah gunung tertinggi di dunia.
  • Dia berlari tercepat di tim.

2.

  • Dia adalah yang paling pintar di sekolah.
  • Ini adalah makanan paling enak yang pernah saya coba.
  • Jakarta adalah kota terbesar di Indonesia.
  • Dia adalah orang terbaik yang saya kenal.
  • Ini adalah film paling menarik yang saya lihat.

3.

  • Contoh kalimat:
  • Mobil ini adalah yang tercepat di jalan ini.
  • Ini adalah tas yang paling mahal di toko.
  • Dia adalah guru tertua di sekolah.
  • Anjing ini adalah yang terkecil di antara mereka.
  • Pemandangan ini adalah yang terindah yang pernah saya lihat.

4.

  • Dia adalah terkaya di antara kita.
  • Ini adalah paling mahal di toko ini.
  • Ia adalah tertinggi di sekolah.
  • Film itu adalah paling menarik yang saya tonton.
  • Ini adalah mobil tercepat di dunia.

5.

  • a. He is the fastest runner in the world.
  • b. This is the most beautiful house in the village.
  • c. He is the smartest student in the class.
  • d. This is the closest place from here.
  • e. He is the best teacher I have.

Congratulations on completing this lesson on superlatives in Indonesian! With practice and application, you will become more confident in using these forms in your conversations. Keep practicing, and soon you will be able to express yourself more vividly in Indonesian!

Table of Contents - Indonesian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Pronouns and Greetings


Basic Grammar


Daily Life


Sentence Structure


Indonesian Culture


Travel and Transportation


Verb Tenses


Shopping and Bargaining


Indonesian Arts


Modal Verbs


Colors and Shapes


Comparative and Superlative


Indonesian Traditions


Emergencies


Indirect and Direct Speech


Jobs and Professions


Indonesian Holidays

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Comparative — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Indonesian Weddings ▶️

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