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{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
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{{Indonesian-Page-Top}}
{{Indonesian-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Indonesian|Indonesian]]  → [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Can and Must</div>


<div class="pg_page_title">Indonesian Grammar → Modal Verbs → Can and Must</div>
Welcome to this exciting lesson on '''Indonesian Grammar''' focused on the modal verbs '''bisa''' and '''harus'''. Understanding these verbs is crucial for expressing ability and necessity in Indonesian. As you embark on your journey to learn the language, mastering these modal verbs will help you communicate effectively and confidently in a variety of situations.
 
=== Importance of Can and Must in Indonesian ===
 
In Indonesian, modal verbs play a significant role in everyday conversations. '''Bisa''' means "can" and is used to express ability or possibility. On the other hand, '''harus''' means "must" and indicates necessity or obligation. Learning how to use these verbs correctly is essential for beginners, as they form the foundation for expressing capabilities and responsibilities in both spoken and written Indonesian.
 
=== Lesson Structure ===
 
In this lesson, we will explore:
 
* The meanings and uses of '''bisa''' and '''harus'''
 
* Examples of sentences using these modal verbs
 
* Practice exercises to reinforce your understanding
 
Now, let’s dive into the world of '''bisa''' and '''harus'''!


__TOC__
__TOC__


As an Indonesian language teacher with 20 years of experience, I am excited to teach you how to use two important modal verbs in Indonesian: bisa and harus. These two verbs will help you express your abilities, possibilities, and obligations in your daily conversations. In this lesson, you will learn how to use them correctly in various contexts with cultural information and interesting facts.
=== Understanding Bisa ===


== Bisa (Can) ==
'''Bisa''' is a versatile modal verb in Indonesian. It translates to "can" or "able to" in English, and it is used to express:


The verb "bisa" is used to indicate someone's ability or possibility to do something. It is always followed by the base form of a verb without the particle "me-".
* Ability: What someone can do


Examples:
* Permission: What is allowed
 
==== Examples of Bisa ====
 
Here are some examples of how to use '''bisa''' in sentences:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Indonesian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Indonesian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Saya bisa berbahasa Indonesia. || sa.ja ˈbi.sa bər.baˈha.sa in.doˈne.sa || I can speak Indonesian.
|-
| Dia bisa bermain piano. || ˈdi.a ˈbi.sa bər.maɪn ˈpi.a.no || She can play the piano.
|-
|-
| Saya bisa berbicara bahasa Indonesia. || [[IPA]]: [ˈsaja ˈbisa bɛr.bi.ˈtʃa.ra ba.ˈha.sa in.do.ˈne.sja] || I can speak Indonesian.
 
| Kami bisa pergi ke pantai. || ˈka.mi ˈbi.sa pərˈɡi kə ˈpan.taj || We can go to the beach.
 
|-
|-
| Kamu bisa membantu saya? || [[IPA]]: [ˈka.mu ˈbisa mɛm.ˈban.tu ˈsaja] || Can you help me?
 
| Anda bisa membantu saya? || ˈan.da ˈbi.sa məm.ban.tu ˈsa.ja || Can you help me?
 
|-
|-
| Mereka bisa datang besok. || [[IPA]]: [mɛ.ˈrɛ.ka ˈbisa ˈda.taŋ ˈbɛ.sɔk] || They can come tomorrow.
|}


Notice that the negative form of "bisa" is "tidak bisa" (cannot).
| Mereka bisa belajar bahasa Inggris. || məˈrɛ.ka ˈbi.sa bəˈla.dʒar baˈha.sa ˈiŋ.ɡɹɪs || They can learn English.
 
|-
 
| Apakah kamu bisa berenang? || aˈpa.kah ˈka.mu ˈbi.sa bər.əˈnaŋ || Can you swim?
 
|-


Examples:
| Saya tidak bisa pergi hari ini. || ˈsa.ja ti.dak ˈbi.sa pərˈɡi ˈha.ri ˈi.ni || I cannot go today.


{| class="wikitable"
! Indonesian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Saya tidak bisa makan pedas. || [[IPA]]: [ˈsaja ˈti.dak ˈbisa ˈma.kan ˈpɛ.das] || I cannot eat spicy food.
 
| Dia bisa memasak dengan baik. || ˈdi.a ˈbi.sa məˈma.sak dəŋ.an ˈba.ik || He can cook well.
 
|-
|-
| Kamu tidak bisa pergi hari ini. || [[IPA]]: [ˈka.mu ˈti.dak ˈbisa ˈpɛr.gi ˈha.ri ˈi.ni] || You cannot go today.
 
| Kita bisa belajar bersama. || ˈki.ta ˈbi.sa bəˈla.dʒar bərˈsa.ma || We can learn together.
 
|-
|-
| Mereka tidak bisa membayar sekarang. || [[IPA]]: [mɛ.ˈrɛ.ka ˈti.dak ˈbisa mɛm.ˈba.jar sɛ.ˈka.raŋ] || They cannot pay now.
 
| Mereka tidak bisa melihat. || məˈrɛ.ka ti.dak ˈbi.sa məˈli.hat || They cannot see.
 
|}
|}


== Harus (Must) ==
=== Understanding Harus ===
 
On the other hand, '''harus''' conveys a sense of obligation or necessity. It translates to "must" or "have to" in English, and it is used to express:
 
* Requirements: What one must do


The verb "harus" is used to indicate someone's obligation or necessity to do something. It is always followed by the base form of a verb without the particle "me-".
* Strong recommendations


Examples:
==== Examples of Harus ====
 
Let’s look at some sentences using '''harus''':


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Indonesian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Indonesian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Saya harus belajar untuk ujian. || ˈsa.ja ˈha.rus bəˈla.dʒar ˈun.tuk uˈdʒi.an || I must study for the exam.
|-
| Dia harus tidur lebih awal. || ˈdi.a ˈha.rus ˈti.dur ləˈbiʔ ˈa.wal || She must sleep earlier.
|-
|-
| Saya harus belajar bahasa Indonesia setiap hari. || [[IPA]]: [ˈsaja ˈharus bɛl.ˈa.dʒar ba.ˈha.sa in.do.ˈne.sja sɛ.ˈtiap ˈha.ri] || I must study Indonesian every day.
 
| Kami harus pergi sekarang. || ˈka.mi ˈha.rus pərˈɡi səkˈa.rang || We must go now.
 
|-
|-
| Kamu harus membayar tagihan ini sekarang. || [[IPA]]: [ˈka.mu ˈharus mɛm.ˈba.jar ta.ɡi.ˈhan ˈi.ni sɛ.ˈka.raŋ] || You must pay this bill now.
 
| Anda harus menjaga kesehatan. || ˈan.da ˈha.rus mɛnˈdʒa.ɡa kəsəhˈa.tan || You must take care of your health.
 
|-
|-
| Mereka harus berangkat pagi-pagi. || [[IPA]]: [mɛ.ˈrɛ.ka ˈharus bɛr.ˈaŋ.kat ˈpa.ɡi ˈpa.ɡi] || They must leave early in the morning.
|}


Notice that the negative form of "harus" is "tidak harus" (not necessary).
| Mereka harus bekerja keras. || məˈrɛ.ka ˈha.rus bərˈker.dʒa kəˈras || They must work hard.


Examples:
|-
 
| Kamu harus belajar lebih banyak. || ˈka.mu ˈha.rus bəˈla.dʒar ləˈbiʔ ˈba.njak || You must study more.


{| class="wikitable"
! Indonesian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Saya tidak harus pergi ke pesta itu. || [[IPA]]: [ˈsaja ˈti.dak ˈharus ˈpɛr.ɡi kɛ ˈpɛs.ta ˈi.tu] || I do not have to go to that party.
 
| Saya harus pergi ke dokter. || ˈsa.ja ˈha.rus pərˈɡi kə ˈdok.tər || I must go to the doctor.
 
|-
|-
| Kamu tidak harus membeli hadiah mahal untuk saya. || [[IPA]]: [ˈka.mu ˈti.dak ˈharus mɛm.ˈbe.li ha.ˈdi.ah ma.ˈhal u.ˈntuk ˈsaja] || You do not have to buy me an expensive gift.
 
| Dia harus menyelesaikan tugas. || ˈdi.a ˈha.rus mə.njəˈlɛ.sa.i.kən ˈtu.ɡas || He must finish the assignment.
 
|-
 
| Kita harus menghormati orang tua. || ˈki.ta ˈha.rus məŋˈhoɾ.ma.ti ˈo.raŋ ˈtu.a || We must respect our parents.
 
|-
|-
| Mereka tidak harus menunggu lama-lama. || [[IPA]]: [mɛ.ˈrɛ.ka ˈti.dak ˈharus mə.ˈnʊŋ.ɡu ˈla.ma ˈla.ma] || They do not have to wait for a long time.
 
| Mereka tidak harus datang. || məˈrɛ.ka ti.dak ˈha.rus ˈda.tang || They do not have to come.
 
|}
|}


== Recap ==
=== Practice Exercises ===
 
Now that you have learned about '''bisa''' and '''harus''', it’s time to practice! Below are ten exercises designed to help reinforce your understanding.
 
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks ====
 
Complete the sentences using '''bisa''' or '''harus'''.
 
1. Saya _____ pergi ke toko.


Let's summarize what you have learned so far about "bisa" (can) and "harus" (must):
2. Anda _____ belajar bahasa Indonesia.


* "bisa" is used to indicate someone's ability or possibility, while "harus" is used to indicate someone's obligation or necessity.
3. Dia _____ menyelesaikan tugasnya.
* Both verbs are always followed by the base form of a verb without the particle "me-".
* "tidak bisa" means cannot or unable, while "tidak harus" means not necessary.
* You can use "bisa" and "harus" in various contexts to express yourself in Indonesian.


Don't forget to practice using "bisa" and "harus" in your conversations with your Indonesian friends or teachers. Good luck!
4. Kami _____ berenang di kolam renang.


== Sources ==
5. Mereka _____ datang ke pesta.
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_grammar Indonesian Grammar]
 
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_language Indonesian Language]
==== Solutions for Exercise 1 ====
 
1. Saya '''bisa''' pergi ke toko. (I can go to the store.)
 
2. Anda '''harus''' belajar bahasa Indonesia. (You must learn Indonesian.)
 
3. Dia '''harus''' menyelesaikan tugasnya. (He must finish his task.)
 
4. Kami '''bisa''' berenang di kolam renang. (We can swim in the pool.)
 
5. Mereka '''harus''' datang ke pesta. (They must come to the party.)
 
==== Exercise 2: Translate to Indonesian ====
 
Translate the following sentences into Indonesian.
 
1. I can play soccer.
 
2. You must eat healthy food.
 
3. She can drive a car.
 
4. We must finish our homework.
 
5. They cannot swim.
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 2 ====
 
1. Saya '''bisa''' bermain sepak bola.
 
2. Anda '''harus''' makan makanan sehat.
 
3. Dia '''bisa''' mengemudikan mobil.
 
4. Kami '''harus''' menyelesaikan pekerjaan rumah kami.
 
5. Mereka '''tidak bisa''' berenang.
 
==== Exercise 3: Choose the correct option ====
 
Select the correct verb (bisa or harus) to complete the sentences.
 
1. Dia _____ berbicara bahasa Inggris. (can/must)
 
2. Anda _____ datang lebih awal. (can/must)
 
3. Kami _____ membantu teman. (can/must)
 
4. Mereka _____ belajar untuk ujian. (can/must)
 
5. Saya _____ pergi ke kantor. (can/must)
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 3 ====
 
1. Dia '''bisa''' berbicara bahasa Inggris. (She can speak English.)
 
2. Anda '''harus''' datang lebih awal. (You must come earlier.)
 
3. Kami '''bisa''' membantu teman. (We can help a friend.)
 
4. Mereka '''harus''' belajar untuk ujian. (They must study for the exam.)
 
5. Saya '''bisa''' pergi ke kantor. (I can go to the office.)
 
==== Exercise 4: Rewrite the sentences ====
 
Rewrite the sentences using '''bisa''' or '''harus'''.
 
1. You are allowed to eat dessert.
 
2. He is required to finish the project.
 
3. We are able to travel next month.
 
4. They need to clean the house.
 
5. She can attend the meeting.
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 4 ====
 
1. Anda '''bisa''' makan makanan penutup. (You can eat dessert.)
 
2. Dia '''harus''' menyelesaikan proyek. (He must finish the project.)
 
3. Kami '''bisa''' bepergian bulan depan. (We can travel next month.)
 
4. Mereka '''harus''' membersihkan rumah. (They must clean the house.)
 
5. Dia '''bisa''' menghadiri rapat. (She can attend the meeting.)
 
==== Exercise 5: Create your own sentences ====
 
Using '''bisa''' and '''harus''', create five sentences about your daily life.
 
1.
 
2.
 
3.
 
4.
 
5.
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 5 ====
 
(Students will provide their own sentences, and the teacher can offer feedback based on correct usage of '''bisa''' and '''harus'''.)
 
==== Exercise 6: Identify the modal verb ====
 
Read the sentences below and identify whether '''bisa''' or '''harus''' is used.
 
1. Saya harus pergi sekarang.
 
2. Dia bisa menyanyi dengan baik.
 
3. Kami harus bekerja lebih keras.
 
4. Mereka tidak bisa datang hari ini.
 
5. Anda harus memperhatikan kesehatan.
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 6 ====
 
1. '''harus'''
 
2. '''bisa'''
 
3. '''harus'''
 
4. '''bisa'''
 
5. '''harus'''
 
==== Exercise 7: Match the sentences ====
 
Match the two halves of the sentences.
 
1. Saya bisa
 
2. Dia harus
 
3. Kami tidak bisa
 
4. Anda bisa
 
5. Mereka harus
 
A. pergi ke sekolah. 
 
B. belajar bahasa Inggris. 
 
C. bermain basket. 
 
D. menjaga kebersihan. 
 
E. menghadiri rapat.
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 7 ====
 
1 - C: Saya bisa bermain basket. (I can play basketball.)
 
2 - D: Dia harus menjaga kebersihan. (She must maintain cleanliness.)
 
3 - A: Kami tidak bisa pergi ke sekolah. (We cannot go to school.)
 
4 - B: Anda bisa belajar bahasa Inggris. (You can learn English.)
 
5 - E: Mereka harus menghadiri rapat. (They must attend the meeting.)
 
==== Exercise 8: True or False ====
 
Determine whether the following statements are true or false.
 
1. '''Bisa''' means "must" in Indonesian. (True/False)
 
2. '''Harus''' indicates ability. (True/False)
 
3. You use '''bisa''' to express necessity. (True/False)
 
4. '''Harus''' can be used to give strong recommendations. (True/False)
 
5. Both '''bisa''' and '''harus''' are modal verbs. (True/False)
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 8 ====
 
1. False
 
2. False
 
3. False
 
4. True
 
5. True
 
==== Exercise 9: Fill in the conversation ====
 
Fill in the blanks with '''bisa''' or '''harus'''.
 
A: Apakah kamu _____ pergi ke pasar? 
 
B: Ya, saya _____ membeli sayur. 
 
==== Solutions for Exercise 9 ====
 
A: Apakah kamu '''bisa''' pergi ke pasar? 
 
B: Ya, saya '''harus''' membeli sayur.
 
==== Exercise 10: Conversation practice ====
 
In pairs, create a short conversation using '''bisa''' and '''harus'''. Then, present it to the class.
 
=== Conclusion ===
 
Congratulations! You have now learned how to use the modal verbs '''bisa''' and '''harus''' in Indonesian. These verbs are essential for expressing ability and necessity, and they will greatly enhance your communication skills as you continue your journey in learning the language.
 
Keep practicing, and don’t hesitate to use these modal verbs in your daily conversations. Remember, the more you practice, the more confident you will become!


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Indonesian Grammar Modal Verbs Can and Must
 
|keywords=Indonesian grammar, Indonesian modal verbs, bisa, harus, Indonesian language
|title=Indonesian Grammar: Can and Must
|description=Learn how to use two important modal verbs in Indonesian: bisa (can) and harus (must). These two verbs will help you express your abilities, possibilities, and obligations in your daily conversations. Read on to learn more!
 
|keywords=Indonesian grammar, modal verbs, bisa, harus, learn Indonesian, beginner Indonesian
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use the modal verbs "bisa" and "harus" in Indonesian, essential for expressing ability and necessity.
 
}}
}}


{{Indonesian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
{{Template:Indonesian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}


[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Course]]
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<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
==Sources==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_language Indonesian language - Wikipedia]
* [https://www.indonesianpod101.com/indonesian-pronunciation/ The Only Indonesian Pronunciation Guide You'll Ever Need]
* [https://languageboost.biz/beginners-guide-learn-indonesian/ How to Learn Indonesian - Ultimate Beginner's Guide to Learn ...]
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Word-Order|Word Order]]
* [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Why-Learn-Indonesian|Why Learn Indonesian]]
* [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/May-and-Should|May and Should]]
* [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Indefinite-Articles-in-Indonesian|Indefinite Articles in Indonesian]]
* [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Definite-Articles-in-Indonesian|Definite Articles in Indonesian]]
* [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Possessive-Cases-in-Indonesian|Possessive Cases in Indonesian]]


{{Indonesian-Page-Bottom}}
{{Indonesian-Page-Bottom}}
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Indonesian/Culture/Indonesian-Dance|◀️ Indonesian Dance — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/May-and-Should|Next Lesson — May and Should ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 19:50, 31 July 2024

◀️ Indonesian Dance — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — May and Should ▶️

Indonesian-flag-polyglotclub.png
Indonesian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Can and Must

Welcome to this exciting lesson on Indonesian Grammar focused on the modal verbs bisa and harus. Understanding these verbs is crucial for expressing ability and necessity in Indonesian. As you embark on your journey to learn the language, mastering these modal verbs will help you communicate effectively and confidently in a variety of situations.

Importance of Can and Must in Indonesian[edit | edit source]

In Indonesian, modal verbs play a significant role in everyday conversations. Bisa means "can" and is used to express ability or possibility. On the other hand, harus means "must" and indicates necessity or obligation. Learning how to use these verbs correctly is essential for beginners, as they form the foundation for expressing capabilities and responsibilities in both spoken and written Indonesian.

Lesson Structure[edit | edit source]

In this lesson, we will explore:

  • The meanings and uses of bisa and harus
  • Examples of sentences using these modal verbs
  • Practice exercises to reinforce your understanding

Now, let’s dive into the world of bisa and harus!

Understanding Bisa[edit | edit source]

Bisa is a versatile modal verb in Indonesian. It translates to "can" or "able to" in English, and it is used to express:

  • Ability: What someone can do
  • Permission: What is allowed

Examples of Bisa[edit | edit source]

Here are some examples of how to use bisa in sentences:

Indonesian Pronunciation English
Saya bisa berbahasa Indonesia. sa.ja ˈbi.sa bər.baˈha.sa in.doˈne.sa I can speak Indonesian.
Dia bisa bermain piano. ˈdi.a ˈbi.sa bər.maɪn ˈpi.a.no She can play the piano.
Kami bisa pergi ke pantai. ˈka.mi ˈbi.sa pərˈɡi kə ˈpan.taj We can go to the beach.
Anda bisa membantu saya? ˈan.da ˈbi.sa məm.ban.tu ˈsa.ja Can you help me?
Mereka bisa belajar bahasa Inggris. məˈrɛ.ka ˈbi.sa bəˈla.dʒar baˈha.sa ˈiŋ.ɡɹɪs They can learn English.
Apakah kamu bisa berenang? aˈpa.kah ˈka.mu ˈbi.sa bər.əˈnaŋ Can you swim?
Saya tidak bisa pergi hari ini. ˈsa.ja ti.dak ˈbi.sa pərˈɡi ˈha.ri ˈi.ni I cannot go today.
Dia bisa memasak dengan baik. ˈdi.a ˈbi.sa məˈma.sak dəŋ.an ˈba.ik He can cook well.
Kita bisa belajar bersama. ˈki.ta ˈbi.sa bəˈla.dʒar bərˈsa.ma We can learn together.
Mereka tidak bisa melihat. məˈrɛ.ka ti.dak ˈbi.sa məˈli.hat They cannot see.

Understanding Harus[edit | edit source]

On the other hand, harus conveys a sense of obligation or necessity. It translates to "must" or "have to" in English, and it is used to express:

  • Requirements: What one must do
  • Strong recommendations

Examples of Harus[edit | edit source]

Let’s look at some sentences using harus:

Indonesian Pronunciation English
Saya harus belajar untuk ujian. ˈsa.ja ˈha.rus bəˈla.dʒar ˈun.tuk uˈdʒi.an I must study for the exam.
Dia harus tidur lebih awal. ˈdi.a ˈha.rus ˈti.dur ləˈbiʔ ˈa.wal She must sleep earlier.
Kami harus pergi sekarang. ˈka.mi ˈha.rus pərˈɡi səkˈa.rang We must go now.
Anda harus menjaga kesehatan. ˈan.da ˈha.rus mɛnˈdʒa.ɡa kəsəhˈa.tan You must take care of your health.
Mereka harus bekerja keras. məˈrɛ.ka ˈha.rus bərˈker.dʒa kəˈras They must work hard.
Kamu harus belajar lebih banyak. ˈka.mu ˈha.rus bəˈla.dʒar ləˈbiʔ ˈba.njak You must study more.
Saya harus pergi ke dokter. ˈsa.ja ˈha.rus pərˈɡi kə ˈdok.tər I must go to the doctor.
Dia harus menyelesaikan tugas. ˈdi.a ˈha.rus mə.njəˈlɛ.sa.i.kən ˈtu.ɡas He must finish the assignment.
Kita harus menghormati orang tua. ˈki.ta ˈha.rus məŋˈhoɾ.ma.ti ˈo.raŋ ˈtu.a We must respect our parents.
Mereka tidak harus datang. məˈrɛ.ka ti.dak ˈha.rus ˈda.tang They do not have to come.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that you have learned about bisa and harus, it’s time to practice! Below are ten exercises designed to help reinforce your understanding.

Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences using bisa or harus.

1. Saya _____ pergi ke toko.

2. Anda _____ belajar bahasa Indonesia.

3. Dia _____ menyelesaikan tugasnya.

4. Kami _____ berenang di kolam renang.

5. Mereka _____ datang ke pesta.

Solutions for Exercise 1[edit | edit source]

1. Saya bisa pergi ke toko. (I can go to the store.)

2. Anda harus belajar bahasa Indonesia. (You must learn Indonesian.)

3. Dia harus menyelesaikan tugasnya. (He must finish his task.)

4. Kami bisa berenang di kolam renang. (We can swim in the pool.)

5. Mereka harus datang ke pesta. (They must come to the party.)

Exercise 2: Translate to Indonesian[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Indonesian.

1. I can play soccer.

2. You must eat healthy food.

3. She can drive a car.

4. We must finish our homework.

5. They cannot swim.

Solutions for Exercise 2[edit | edit source]

1. Saya bisa bermain sepak bola.

2. Anda harus makan makanan sehat.

3. Dia bisa mengemudikan mobil.

4. Kami harus menyelesaikan pekerjaan rumah kami.

5. Mereka tidak bisa berenang.

Exercise 3: Choose the correct option[edit | edit source]

Select the correct verb (bisa or harus) to complete the sentences.

1. Dia _____ berbicara bahasa Inggris. (can/must)

2. Anda _____ datang lebih awal. (can/must)

3. Kami _____ membantu teman. (can/must)

4. Mereka _____ belajar untuk ujian. (can/must)

5. Saya _____ pergi ke kantor. (can/must)

Solutions for Exercise 3[edit | edit source]

1. Dia bisa berbicara bahasa Inggris. (She can speak English.)

2. Anda harus datang lebih awal. (You must come earlier.)

3. Kami bisa membantu teman. (We can help a friend.)

4. Mereka harus belajar untuk ujian. (They must study for the exam.)

5. Saya bisa pergi ke kantor. (I can go to the office.)

Exercise 4: Rewrite the sentences[edit | edit source]

Rewrite the sentences using bisa or harus.

1. You are allowed to eat dessert.

2. He is required to finish the project.

3. We are able to travel next month.

4. They need to clean the house.

5. She can attend the meeting.

Solutions for Exercise 4[edit | edit source]

1. Anda bisa makan makanan penutup. (You can eat dessert.)

2. Dia harus menyelesaikan proyek. (He must finish the project.)

3. Kami bisa bepergian bulan depan. (We can travel next month.)

4. Mereka harus membersihkan rumah. (They must clean the house.)

5. Dia bisa menghadiri rapat. (She can attend the meeting.)

Exercise 5: Create your own sentences[edit | edit source]

Using bisa and harus, create five sentences about your daily life.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Solutions for Exercise 5[edit | edit source]

(Students will provide their own sentences, and the teacher can offer feedback based on correct usage of bisa and harus.)

Exercise 6: Identify the modal verb[edit | edit source]

Read the sentences below and identify whether bisa or harus is used.

1. Saya harus pergi sekarang.

2. Dia bisa menyanyi dengan baik.

3. Kami harus bekerja lebih keras.

4. Mereka tidak bisa datang hari ini.

5. Anda harus memperhatikan kesehatan.

Solutions for Exercise 6[edit | edit source]

1. harus

2. bisa

3. harus

4. bisa

5. harus

Exercise 7: Match the sentences[edit | edit source]

Match the two halves of the sentences.

1. Saya bisa

2. Dia harus

3. Kami tidak bisa

4. Anda bisa

5. Mereka harus

A. pergi ke sekolah.

B. belajar bahasa Inggris.

C. bermain basket.

D. menjaga kebersihan.

E. menghadiri rapat.

Solutions for Exercise 7[edit | edit source]

1 - C: Saya bisa bermain basket. (I can play basketball.)

2 - D: Dia harus menjaga kebersihan. (She must maintain cleanliness.)

3 - A: Kami tidak bisa pergi ke sekolah. (We cannot go to school.)

4 - B: Anda bisa belajar bahasa Inggris. (You can learn English.)

5 - E: Mereka harus menghadiri rapat. (They must attend the meeting.)

Exercise 8: True or False[edit | edit source]

Determine whether the following statements are true or false.

1. Bisa means "must" in Indonesian. (True/False)

2. Harus indicates ability. (True/False)

3. You use bisa to express necessity. (True/False)

4. Harus can be used to give strong recommendations. (True/False)

5. Both bisa and harus are modal verbs. (True/False)

Solutions for Exercise 8[edit | edit source]

1. False

2. False

3. False

4. True

5. True

Exercise 9: Fill in the conversation[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with bisa or harus.

A: Apakah kamu _____ pergi ke pasar?

B: Ya, saya _____ membeli sayur.

Solutions for Exercise 9[edit | edit source]

A: Apakah kamu bisa pergi ke pasar?

B: Ya, saya harus membeli sayur.

Exercise 10: Conversation practice[edit | edit source]

In pairs, create a short conversation using bisa and harus. Then, present it to the class.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! You have now learned how to use the modal verbs bisa and harus in Indonesian. These verbs are essential for expressing ability and necessity, and they will greatly enhance your communication skills as you continue your journey in learning the language.

Keep practicing, and don’t hesitate to use these modal verbs in your daily conversations. Remember, the more you practice, the more confident you will become!

Table of Contents - Indonesian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Pronouns and Greetings


Basic Grammar


Daily Life


Sentence Structure


Indonesian Culture


Travel and Transportation


Verb Tenses


Shopping and Bargaining


Indonesian Arts


Modal Verbs


Colors and Shapes


Comparative and Superlative


Indonesian Traditions


Emergencies


Indirect and Direct Speech


Jobs and Professions


Indonesian Holidays

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



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