Difference between revisions of "Language/Ukrainian/Grammar/Plurals"
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* [[Language/Ukrainian/Grammar/Adverbs_of_quantity:_how_many|Adverbs of quantity: how many]] | * [[Language/Ukrainian/Grammar/Adverbs_of_quantity:_how_many|Adverbs of quantity: how many]] | ||
* [[Language/Ukrainian/Grammar/how-to-use-numerals-and-nouns-in-pairs|how to use numerals and nouns in pairs]] | * [[Language/Ukrainian/Grammar/how-to-use-numerals-and-nouns-in-pairs|how to use numerals and nouns in pairs]] | ||
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==Sources== | |||
* [https://www.ukrainianlessons.com/grammar-plural-nouns/ Множина іменників - Plural of nouns in Ukrainian - Ukrainian Lessons] | |||
* [http://mylanguages.org/ukrainian_plural.php Ukrainian Plural] | |||
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Revision as of 15:01, 12 March 2023
Hi Ukrainian learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn about plurals in Ukrainian grammar. Knowing how to use plurals correctly is essential to speak Ukrainian fluently. With the help of cultural information and interesting facts, we will make this lesson fun and easy to learn. Let's get started!
Plurals in Ukrainian
Plurals in Ukrainian are formed differently than in English. In Ukrainian, the plural endings are added to the end of the noun. The plural endings are -и, -ї, -а, -я, -і, -ю, -ей.
Let's take the example of the word "сніг" (snow). In the singular form, it is "сніг" but in the plural form, you add the ending -и to get "сніги". Another example is the word "кіт" (cat). In the singular form, it is "кіт" and in the plural form, you add the ending -и to get "коти".
To help you memorize the plural endings, think of them like this:
- -и and -і are the most common endings for plural
- -а, -я, and -ю are rare endings for plural
- -ї and -ей are rare and archaic endings for plural
Plural of Ukrainian nouns
In Ukrainian, there are several types of plural endings depending on the ending of the singular noun. For example, if the singular noun ends in -й or -ь, you replace those endings with -і and add the plural ending.
Here are some examples:
| Ukrainian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| сонце (sun) | son-tse | suns |
| грай (song) | h-rai | songs |
In some cases, you add an extra letter before adding the plural ending. For example, if the singular noun ends in a consonant, you add -и to the end of the noun. If the singular noun ends in a vowel, you add -й to the end of the noun and then add -і.
Here are some examples:
| Ukrainian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| стіл (table) | steel | tables |
| яблуко (apple) | ya-blu-ko | apples |
The plural of some nouns can be difficult to predict, so it's best to memorize them. Here are a few examples:
| Ukrainian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| дитина (child) | dy-ty-na | children |
| око (eye) | o-ko | eyes |
Plural of adjectives in Ukrainian
In Ukrainian, adjectives agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they modify. To form the plural of adjectives, the ending changes based on the gender of the noun.
Here are some examples:
| Ukrainian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| гарний (good) | har-nyi | masculine singular |
| гарна (good) | har-na | feminine singular |
| гарне (good) | har-ne | neuter singular |
| гарні (good) | har-ni | plural |
Remember that adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun. For example:
- My beautiful cat (singular): Мій красивий кіт
- My beautiful cats (plural): Мої красиві коти
Irregular plurals in Ukrainian
There are some nouns in Ukrainian that have irregular plural forms. Here are some examples:
| Ukrainian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| лист (leaf) | ly-st | singular |
- plural: листя (lystia)
| Ukrainian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| зуб (tooth) | zub | singular |
| зуби (teeth) | zub-y | plural |
| Ukrainian | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| ніч (night) | nich | singular |
| ночі (noci) | plural |
It's important to note that there are many irregular plural forms in Ukrainian, and we cannot list them all here.
Examples in context
Let's see some examples of plural nouns and adjectives being used in context through a dialogue:
- Person 1: Я люблю каву. (I love coffee.)
- Person 2: Я теж люблю каву. (I also love coffee.)
- Person 1: А я не люблю чай. (But I don't like tea.)
- Person 2: Я теж не люблю чай. (I also don't like tea.)
- Person 1: Це мій новий телефон. (This is my new phone.)
- Person 2: У мене теж є новий телефон. (I also have a new phone.)
Conclusion
That's it for this lesson on Ukrainian plurals. Remember that the plural endings are added to the end of the noun, so it's important to memorize them. To improve your Ukrainian Grammar, you can also use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions! Don't forget to visit the Grammar page to learn more about Ukrainian grammar.
➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
Sources
Related Lessons
- Adverbs of quality, quantity and manner
- Conditional Mood
- Possessive Pronouns
- Future Tense
- Present tense
- Adverbs of time, place, intention and cause
- Questions
- How to Use Be
- Adverbs of quantity: how many
- how to use numerals and nouns in pairs
Sources