Language/French/Grammar/Typical-use-of-the-indefinite-article

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French Grammar - Typical use of the indefinite article


New, countable, concrete noun

One use of the indefinite article is to introduce a new, countable, concrete noun (maison, tableau, livre, voiture, etc.) into the discourse:


Je me suis trouvé une belle maison en Ecosse I have found myself a lovely house in Scotland Voulez-vous voir un Picasso? Do you want to see a Picasso?


Countable, concrete entities

Another is to describe a general class of countable, concrete entities:

  • Normalement une voiture a quatre roues et une moto en a deux

Normally a car has four wheels and a motorbike two

  • II s'agit là d'une erreur caractéristique d'un étudiant de première année

That's an example of a typical error made by a first year student


In this 'generic' use, the indefinite article is usually interchangeable with a plural definite article:

  • Normalement les voitures ont quatre roues et les motos en ont deux

Il s'agit là d'une erreur caractéristique des étudiants de première année {de +definite article les}


Abstract nouns

Abstract nouns (courage, beauté, réalisme, importance, etc.) are normally accompanied by the definite article. But when they are modified by an adjective they take an indefinite article.


Compare:

  • II admire le courage

He admires courage


  • Il a fait preuve d'un courage peu ordinaire

He showed extraordinary courage


  • La beauté du paysage nous étonnait

The beauty of the countryside astonished us


  • Le paysage était d'une beauté étonnante

The countryside was astonishingly beautiful

Other chapters

Table of Contents

Nouns


Determiners


Personal and impersonal pronouns


Adjectives


Adverbs


Numbers, measurements, time and quantifiers


Verb forms


Verb constructions


Verb and participle agreement


Tense


The subjunctive, modal verbs, exclamatives and imperatives


The infinitive


Prepositions


Question formation


Relative clauses


Negation


Conjunctions and other linking constructions

Contributors

Maintenance script


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