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{{Indonesian-Page-Top}}
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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Indonesian|Indonesian]]  → [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Modal Verbs → May and Should</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Indonesian|Indonesian]]  → [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → May and Should</div>
 
Welcome to another exciting lesson in our "Complete 0 to A1 Indonesian Course"! Today, we're diving into the world of '''modal verbs''' in Indonesian, specifically focusing on '''boleh''' (may) and '''sebaiknya''' (should). Understanding these verbs is crucial for expressing permission and advice, making your communication more effective and nuanced in everyday situations.
 
In this lesson, we'll explore the meanings and uses of '''boleh''' and '''sebaiknya''', provide numerous examples to illustrate how they're applied in sentences, and offer practice exercises to help solidify your understanding. By the end of this lesson, you should feel confident using these modal verbs in your conversations. So, let's get started!


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== Understanding Modal Verbs ===
 
Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs that express necessity, possibility, permission, or ability. In Indonesian, the two modal verbs we will focus on today are '''boleh''' and '''sebaiknya'''.
 
== Boleh (May) ==
 
'''Boleh''' is used to indicate permission or possibility. It translates roughly to "may" or "can" in English. When you want to ask for permission or grant it, '''boleh''' is your go-to word.
 
== Sebaiknya (Should) ==
 
'''Sebaiknya''', on the other hand, is used to give advice or recommendations, translating to "should" in English. When you want to suggest what someone ought to do, '''sebaiknya''' is the word to use.
 
=== Examples of Boleh and Sebaiknya ===
 
Let's look at some examples to clarify how to use '''boleh''' and '''sebaiknya''' in sentences.
 
==== Boleh Examples ====
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Indonesian !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Boleh saya pergi? || bo-lay sa-ya per-gee? || May I go?
 
|-
 
| Kamu boleh ikut saya. || ka-moo bo-lay ee-koot sa-ya || You may join me.
 
|-
 
| Boleh saya minta air? || bo-lay sa-ya min-ta a-eer? || May I ask for water?
 
|-
 
| Dia boleh datang ke pesta. || dee-ya bo-lay da-tang ke pes-ta || He/She may come to the party.
 
|-
 
| Anda boleh menggunakan telepon. || an-da bo-lay meng-gu-na-kan te-le-pon || You may use the phone.
 
|-
 
| Boleh kita bicara sebentar? || bo-lay ki-ta bi-cha-ra se-ben-tar? || May we talk for a moment?
 
|-
 
| Boleh saya melihat buku itu? || bo-lay sa-ya me-li-hat boo-ku ee-tu? || May I see that book?
 
|-
 
| Mereka boleh pergi setelah makan. || me-re-ka bo-lay per-gee se-te-lah ma-kan || They may leave after eating.
 
|-
 
| Apakah saya boleh membantu? || a-pa-kah sa-ya bo-lay mem-bantu? || May I help?
 
|-


In this lesson, we will explore the modal verbs "boleh" and "sebaiknya" in Indonesian. Modal verbs are an essential part of any language, as they allow us to express various degrees of possibility, permission, obligation, and advice. By understanding how to use these modal verbs correctly, you will be able to communicate more effectively in Indonesian and convey your intentions with precision.
| Kamu boleh memilih makanan yang kamu suka. || ka-moo bo-lay me-mi-lih ma-ka-nan yang ka-moo su-ka || You may choose the food you like.


Throughout this lesson, we will provide you with detailed explanations, numerous examples, and engaging practice exercises to help you grasp the concepts easily. We will also delve into the cultural aspects of the Indonesian language, sharing interesting facts and anecdotes that will enhance your understanding of the language's usage and context.
|}


So, let's dive into the world of modal verbs in Indonesian and discover how to express ideas of permission and recommendation using "boleh" and "sebaiknya"!
==== Sebaiknya Examples ====


== Boleh: Asking and Giving Permission ==
{| class="wikitable"


The word "boleh" in Indonesian is used to express permission. It is often translated as "may" or "can" in English. When asking for permission, you can simply use the word "boleh" followed by the verb in its base form. Let's look at some examples:
! Indonesian !! Pronunciation !! English


* Boleh saya masuk? (May I come in?)
|-
* Boleh saya membantu Anda? (Can I help you?)
* Boleh saya mencoba ini? (May I try this?)


To give permission, you can use the phrase "boleh" followed by the verb in its base form. Here are some examples:
| Sebaiknya kamu belajar setiap hari. || se-baik-nya ka-moo be-la-jar se-ti-ap ha-ri || You should study every day.


* Ya, boleh. (Yes, you may.)
|-
* Silakan, boleh. (Please, you may.)
* Tentu, boleh. (Certainly, you may.)


It's important to note that "boleh" can also be used to express prohibition or restriction, depending on the context. When used in a negative sentence, it indicates that something is not allowed. Here are some examples:
| Sebaiknya kita pergi sekarang. || se-baik-nya ki-ta per-gee se-ka-rang || We should go now.


* Tidak boleh merokok di sini. (Smoking is not allowed here.)
|-
* Anjing tidak boleh masuk. (Dogs are not allowed in.)
* Buku ini tidak boleh dipinjamkan. (This book cannot be borrowed.)


Now, let's practice using "boleh" in different contexts.
| Sebaiknya dia istirahat. || se-baik-nya dee-ya is-ti-ra-hat || He/She should rest.


=== Practice Exercise 1: Asking for Permission ===
|-


Complete the following sentences by asking for permission using "boleh".
| Sebaiknya Anda tidak terlambat. || se-baik-nya an-da ti-dak ter-lam-bat || You should not be late.


1. __________ saya minum air ini?
|-
2. __________ saya pulang lebih awal?
3. __________ saya duduk di sini?
4. __________ saya menggunakan kamar mandi?
5. __________ saya membuka jendela?


=== Practice Exercise 2: Giving Permission ===
| Sebaiknya kita makan sebelum pergi. || se-baik-nya ki-ta ma-kan se-be-lum per-gee || We should eat before going.


Complete the following sentences by giving permission using "boleh".
|-


1. Ya, __________.
| Sebaiknya kamu berbicara dengan sopan. || se-baik-nya ka-moo ber-bi-cha-ra de-ngan so-pan || You should speak politely.
2. Silakan, __________.
3. Tentu, __________.
4. Boleh, __________.
5. Baiklah, __________.


== Sebaiknya: Giving Advice or Recommendation ==
|-


The word "sebaiknya" in Indonesian is used to give advice or make recommendations. It is often translated as "should" or "ought to" in English. When using "sebaiknya", you can follow it with a verb in its base form to indicate what should be done. Let's look at some examples:
| Sebaiknya mereka mempersiapkan segalanya. || se-baik-nya me-re-ka mem-per-si-ap-kan se-ga-la-nya || They should prepare everything.


* Sebaiknya kamu tidur lebih awal. (You should sleep early.)
|-
* Sebaiknya kita pergi sekarang. (We should go now.)
* Sebaiknya dia belajar lebih giat. (He should study harder.)


"Sebaiknya" can also be used to express what should not be done. In this case, you can follow it with "tidak" and the verb in its base form. Here are some examples:
| Sebaiknya tidak merokok di sini. || se-baik-nya ti-dak me-ro-kok di si-ni || You should not smoke here.


* Sebaiknya kamu tidak makan terlalu banyak. (You should not eat too much.)
|-
* Sebaiknya kita tidak menunda-nunda pekerjaan. (We should not procrastinate on our work.)
* Sebaiknya dia tidak datang terlambat lagi. (He should not come late again.)


Now, let's practice using "sebaiknya" in different contexts.
| Sebaiknya Anda bertanya jika bingung. || se-baik-nya an-da ber-tanya ji-ka bin-gung || You should ask if confused.


=== Practice Exercise 3: Giving Advice or Recommendation ===
|-


Complete the following sentences by giving advice or making recommendations using "sebaiknya".
| Sebaiknya kita menjaga kebersihan. || se-baik-nya ki-ta men-ja-ga ke-ber-si-han || We should maintain cleanliness.


1. __________ kamu membaca buku itu.
|}
2. __________ kita berangkat lebih cepat.
3. __________ dia meminta maaf.
4. __________ kamu menghindari makanan berlemak.
5. __________ mereka berlatih lebih sering.


=== Practice Exercise 4: Giving Negative Recommendations ===
=== Practice Exercises ===


Complete the following sentences by giving negative recommendations using "sebaiknya" and "tidak".
Now that we've covered the basics and seen some examples, it's time to practice using '''boleh''' and '''sebaiknya''' in various scenarios. Below are ten exercises for you to complete.


1. __________ kamu menunda pekerjaan.
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ====
2. __________ kita membuang sampah sembarangan.
3. __________ dia menggunakan pakaian yang sesuai.
4. __________ kamu mengganggu orang lain.
5. __________ mereka melupakan kewajiban mereka.


== Regional Variations and Cultural Insights ==
Fill in the blanks with '''boleh''' or '''sebaiknya'''.


As with any language, the usage and understanding of modal verbs may vary across different regions in Indonesia. While the core meanings of "boleh" and "sebaiknya" remain consistent, there may be slight differences in their usage or emphasis.
1. _______ kamu datang ke acara itu.


For example, in some regions, people may use alternative expressions to ask for permission instead of "boleh". These expressions can vary based on local customs and dialects. Similarly, the choice of words and phrases used to give advice or recommendations may differ slightly across different regions.
2. _______ kita tidak terlambat untuk kelas.


It's also worth noting that cultural factors can influence the interpretation of modal verbs. In Indonesian culture, there is a strong emphasis on respect and politeness. As a result, the way permission is asked or advice is given may be influenced by cultural norms. Indonesians often use polite language and expressions to show respect and maintain harmonious relationships.
3. _______ saya pergi ke bioskop minggu ini?


Now, let's explore some interesting cultural facts related to modal verbs in Indonesian.
4. _______ Anda membawa payung saat hujan.


=== Cultural Fact 1: Politeness and Respect ===
5. _______ dia berbicara dengan guru.


Indonesian culture places a high value on politeness and respect. This is reflected in the language, including the use of modal verbs. When asking for permission, Indonesians often use polite expressions such as "bolehkah saya..." or "dapatkah saya...". These phrases convey a sense of respect and politeness, ensuring that the request is made in a courteous manner.
6. _______ kita membawa makanan untuk piknik.


Similarly, when giving advice or recommendations, Indonesians often use the phrase "sebaiknya" to suggest what should be done. This word carries a tone of gentle guidance and respect, allowing the speaker to offer their input without sounding bossy or intrusive. By using "sebaiknya", Indonesians can provide valuable advice while maintaining a harmonious and respectful conversation.
7. _______ kamu mengerjakan tugasmu sekarang.


=== Cultural Fact 2: Collective Decision-Making ===
8. _______ mereka belajar untuk ujian besok.


In Indonesian culture, decision-making is often a collective process that involves seeking input and consensus from others. This cultural aspect can influence the usage of modal verbs, especially when asking for permission or giving advice.
9. _______ saya menggunakan komputer ini?


When asking for permission, Indonesians may take into account the opinions and preferences of others before making a request. They may use phrases such as "bolehkah kita..." or "minta izin dulu ya..." to involve others in the decision-making process. This collaborative approach helps to foster a sense of unity and cooperation within the community.
10. _______ Anda mencoba makanan baru.


Similarly, when giving advice or recommendations, Indonesians often consider the collective well-being and take into account the opinions of others. They may use phrases like "sebaiknya kita..." or "sebaiknya kamu semua..." to emphasize the importance of collective action and decision-making. This cultural value of consensus and harmony is embedded in the language and reflected in the usage of modal verbs.
''Answers:''


== Practice Exercise Solutions ==
1. Boleh


=== Practice Exercise 1: Asking for Permission ===
2. Sebaiknya
 
3. Boleh
 
4. Sebaiknya
 
5. Sebaiknya
 
6. Boleh
 
7. Sebaiknya
 
8. Sebaiknya
 
9. Boleh
 
10. Boleh
 
==== Exercise 2: Create Sentences ====
 
Using '''boleh''' or '''sebaiknya''', create your own sentences based on the prompts below.
 
1. Ask if you may borrow a book.
 
2. Suggest that a friend should exercise more.
 
3. Ask if you can sit here.
 
4. Recommend someone should try a new restaurant.
 
5. Ask for permission to use someone's phone.
 
''Sample Answers:''
 
1. Boleh saya meminjam buku ini?
 
2. Sebaiknya kamu berolahraga lebih banyak.


1. Boleh saya minum air ini?
2. Boleh saya pulang lebih awal?
3. Boleh saya duduk di sini?
3. Boleh saya duduk di sini?
4. Boleh saya menggunakan kamar mandi?
5. Boleh saya membuka jendela?


=== Practice Exercise 2: Giving Permission ===
4. Sebaiknya kamu mencoba restoran baru itu.
 
5. Boleh saya menggunakan teleponmu?
 
==== Exercise 3: Dialogue Completion ====
 
Complete the dialogues using '''boleh''' or '''sebaiknya'''.
 
1. A: _______ saya ikut perjalanan ini?
 
B: Tentu, kamu _______ ikut!
 
2. A: _______ kita mulai sekarang?


1. Ya, boleh.
B: Ya, _______ kita mulai.
2. Silakan, boleh.
3. Tentu, boleh.
4. Boleh, silakan.
5. Baiklah, boleh.


=== Practice Exercise 3: Giving Advice or Recommendation ===
3. A: _______ saya pergi ke luar?


1. Sebaiknya kamu membaca buku itu.
B: Ya, tapi _______ kamu pulang sebelum malam.
2. Sebaiknya kita berangkat lebih cepat.
3. Sebaiknya dia meminta maaf.
4. Sebaiknya kamu menghindari makanan berlemak.
5. Sebaiknya mereka berlatih lebih sering.


=== Practice Exercise 4: Giving Negative Recommendations ===
''Answers:''


1. Sebaiknya kamu tidak menunda pekerjaan.
1. Boleh; boleh
2. Sebaiknya kita tidak membuang sampah sembarangan.
 
3. Sebaiknya dia tidak menggunakan pakaian yang sesuai.
2. Sebaiknya; sebaiknya
4. Sebaiknya kamu tidak mengganggu orang lain.
 
5. Sebaiknya mereka tidak melupakan kewajiban mereka.
3. Boleh; sebaiknya
 
==== Exercise 4: Translate to Indonesian ====
 
Translate the following sentences into Indonesian using '''boleh''' or '''sebaiknya'''.
 
1. You may leave early.
 
2. He should call his parents.
 
3. May I take a picture?
 
4. They should clean their room.
 
5. We may go to the beach.
 
''Sample Answers:''
 
1. Anda boleh pergi lebih awal.
 
2. Dia sebaiknya menelepon orang tuanya.
 
3. Boleh saya mengambil gambar?
 
4. Mereka sebaiknya membersihkan kamar mereka.
 
5. Kita boleh pergi ke pantai.
 
==== Exercise 5: Role Play ====
 
Pair up with a partner and role-play the following scenarios:
 
1. One person asks for permission to borrow a pen.
 
2. One person advises the other to study for an exam.
 
3. One person requests to use the restroom.
 
4. One person suggests going to a movie.
 
''Note: Use '''boleh''' and '''sebaiknya''' in your dialogues.''
 
==== Exercise 6: True or False ====
 
Determine if the statements are true or false based on your understanding of '''boleh''' and '''sebaiknya'''.
 
1. '''Boleh''' means "should". (False)
 
2. '''Sebaiknya''' is used for giving permission. (False)
 
3. You can use '''boleh''' to ask if you may do something. (True)
 
4. '''Sebaiknya''' is often used for advice or recommendation. (True)
 
5. Both '''boleh''' and '''sebaiknya''' can be used interchangeably. (False)
 
==== Exercise 7: Listening Comprehension ====
 
Listen to a native speaker use '''boleh''' and '''sebaiknya''' in sentences. Write down the sentences and identify which modal verb is used in each.
 
''Note: Record the sentences for practice.''
 
==== Exercise 8: Matching Exercise ====
 
Match the Indonesian sentences with their English translations.
 
1. Anda boleh pergi.  
 
2. Sebaiknya kamu tidur lebih awal.
 
3. Boleh saya bertanya?
 
4. Mereka sebaiknya tidak terlambat.
 
| Indonesian Sentence | English Translation |
 
|-------------------|-------------------|
 
| A. You may go. | 1. Anda boleh pergi. |
 
| B. You should sleep earlier. | 2. Sebaiknya kamu tidur lebih awal. |
 
| C. May I ask? | 3. Boleh saya bertanya? |
 
| D. They should not be late. | 4. Mereka sebaiknya tidak terlambat. |
 
''Answers:''
 
1-A, 2-B, 3-C, 4-D
 
==== Exercise 9: Sentence Transformation ====
 
Transform the following sentences by changing them from a statement to a question using '''boleh'''.
 
1. Saya pergi ke supermarket. (May I go to the supermarket?)
 
2. Dia ikut dalam perlombaan. (May he/she join the competition?)
 
3. Kami mengambil foto. (May we take a photo?)
 
4. Anda berbicara dengan saya. (May you speak with me?)
 
''Sample Answers:''
 
1. Boleh saya pergi ke supermarket?
 
2. Boleh dia ikut dalam perlombaan?
 
3. Boleh kami mengambil foto?
 
4. Boleh Anda berbicara dengan saya?
 
==== Exercise 10: Reflection Writing ====
 
Write a short paragraph reflecting on how you can use '''boleh''' and '''sebaiknya''' in your daily life. Share specific scenarios where you think these modal verbs will be useful.
 
''Sample Reflection:''
 
In my daily life, I often use '''boleh''' when I want to ask for permission, like when I need to borrow a book from a friend. I also use '''sebaiknya''' when I give advice to my siblings about studying, reminding them that they should manage their time well. These modal verbs help me communicate effectively with my family and friends.
 
=== Conclusion ===
 
Fantastic work! You've now learned how to use '''boleh''' and '''sebaiknya''' to express permission and advice in Indonesian. Remember that mastering these modal verbs will boost your confidence in speaking and help you navigate various social situations more smoothly. Keep practicing, and you'll soon find that using these expressions becomes second nature.
 
If you have any questions or need further clarification, don't hesitate to ask. Keep up the great work, and see you in the next lesson!


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Indonesian Grammar → Modal Verbs → May and Should
 
|keywords=Indonesian grammar, Indonesian modal verbs, Indonesian boleh, Indonesian sebaiknya, asking permission in Indonesian, giving advice in Indonesian, cultural insights, Indonesian culture
|title=Indonesian Grammar: Understanding May and Should
|description=In this lesson on Indonesian grammar, we will explore the modal verbs "boleh" and "sebaiknya". Learn how to ask for permission and give advice in Indonesian, and discover interesting cultural insights related to these modal verbs.
 
|keywords=Indonesian Grammar, Boleh, Sebaiknya, Modal Verbs, Language Learning
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use the Indonesian modal verbs "boleh" and "sebaiknya" to express permission and advice in everyday situations.
 
}}
}}


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==Sources==
==Sources==

Latest revision as of 19:50, 31 July 2024

◀️ Can and Must — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Colors ▶️

Indonesian-flag-polyglotclub.png
Indonesian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → May and Should

Welcome to another exciting lesson in our "Complete 0 to A1 Indonesian Course"! Today, we're diving into the world of modal verbs in Indonesian, specifically focusing on boleh (may) and sebaiknya (should). Understanding these verbs is crucial for expressing permission and advice, making your communication more effective and nuanced in everyday situations.

In this lesson, we'll explore the meanings and uses of boleh and sebaiknya, provide numerous examples to illustrate how they're applied in sentences, and offer practice exercises to help solidify your understanding. By the end of this lesson, you should feel confident using these modal verbs in your conversations. So, let's get started!

Understanding Modal Verbs[edit | edit source]

Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs that express necessity, possibility, permission, or ability. In Indonesian, the two modal verbs we will focus on today are boleh and sebaiknya.

Boleh (May)[edit | edit source]

Boleh is used to indicate permission or possibility. It translates roughly to "may" or "can" in English. When you want to ask for permission or grant it, boleh is your go-to word.

Sebaiknya (Should)[edit | edit source]

Sebaiknya, on the other hand, is used to give advice or recommendations, translating to "should" in English. When you want to suggest what someone ought to do, sebaiknya is the word to use.

Examples of Boleh and Sebaiknya[edit | edit source]

Let's look at some examples to clarify how to use boleh and sebaiknya in sentences.

Boleh Examples[edit | edit source]

Indonesian Pronunciation English
Boleh saya pergi? bo-lay sa-ya per-gee? May I go?
Kamu boleh ikut saya. ka-moo bo-lay ee-koot sa-ya You may join me.
Boleh saya minta air? bo-lay sa-ya min-ta a-eer? May I ask for water?
Dia boleh datang ke pesta. dee-ya bo-lay da-tang ke pes-ta He/She may come to the party.
Anda boleh menggunakan telepon. an-da bo-lay meng-gu-na-kan te-le-pon You may use the phone.
Boleh kita bicara sebentar? bo-lay ki-ta bi-cha-ra se-ben-tar? May we talk for a moment?
Boleh saya melihat buku itu? bo-lay sa-ya me-li-hat boo-ku ee-tu? May I see that book?
Mereka boleh pergi setelah makan. me-re-ka bo-lay per-gee se-te-lah ma-kan They may leave after eating.
Apakah saya boleh membantu? a-pa-kah sa-ya bo-lay mem-bantu? May I help?
Kamu boleh memilih makanan yang kamu suka. ka-moo bo-lay me-mi-lih ma-ka-nan yang ka-moo su-ka You may choose the food you like.

Sebaiknya Examples[edit | edit source]

Indonesian Pronunciation English
Sebaiknya kamu belajar setiap hari. se-baik-nya ka-moo be-la-jar se-ti-ap ha-ri You should study every day.
Sebaiknya kita pergi sekarang. se-baik-nya ki-ta per-gee se-ka-rang We should go now.
Sebaiknya dia istirahat. se-baik-nya dee-ya is-ti-ra-hat He/She should rest.
Sebaiknya Anda tidak terlambat. se-baik-nya an-da ti-dak ter-lam-bat You should not be late.
Sebaiknya kita makan sebelum pergi. se-baik-nya ki-ta ma-kan se-be-lum per-gee We should eat before going.
Sebaiknya kamu berbicara dengan sopan. se-baik-nya ka-moo ber-bi-cha-ra de-ngan so-pan You should speak politely.
Sebaiknya mereka mempersiapkan segalanya. se-baik-nya me-re-ka mem-per-si-ap-kan se-ga-la-nya They should prepare everything.
Sebaiknya tidak merokok di sini. se-baik-nya ti-dak me-ro-kok di si-ni You should not smoke here.
Sebaiknya Anda bertanya jika bingung. se-baik-nya an-da ber-tanya ji-ka bin-gung You should ask if confused.
Sebaiknya kita menjaga kebersihan. se-baik-nya ki-ta men-ja-ga ke-ber-si-han We should maintain cleanliness.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that we've covered the basics and seen some examples, it's time to practice using boleh and sebaiknya in various scenarios. Below are ten exercises for you to complete.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with boleh or sebaiknya.

1. _______ kamu datang ke acara itu.

2. _______ kita tidak terlambat untuk kelas.

3. _______ saya pergi ke bioskop minggu ini?

4. _______ Anda membawa payung saat hujan.

5. _______ dia berbicara dengan guru.

6. _______ kita membawa makanan untuk piknik.

7. _______ kamu mengerjakan tugasmu sekarang.

8. _______ mereka belajar untuk ujian besok.

9. _______ saya menggunakan komputer ini?

10. _______ Anda mencoba makanan baru.

Answers:

1. Boleh

2. Sebaiknya

3. Boleh

4. Sebaiknya

5. Sebaiknya

6. Boleh

7. Sebaiknya

8. Sebaiknya

9. Boleh

10. Boleh

Exercise 2: Create Sentences[edit | edit source]

Using boleh or sebaiknya, create your own sentences based on the prompts below.

1. Ask if you may borrow a book.

2. Suggest that a friend should exercise more.

3. Ask if you can sit here.

4. Recommend someone should try a new restaurant.

5. Ask for permission to use someone's phone.

Sample Answers:

1. Boleh saya meminjam buku ini?

2. Sebaiknya kamu berolahraga lebih banyak.

3. Boleh saya duduk di sini?

4. Sebaiknya kamu mencoba restoran baru itu.

5. Boleh saya menggunakan teleponmu?

Exercise 3: Dialogue Completion[edit | edit source]

Complete the dialogues using boleh or sebaiknya.

1. A: _______ saya ikut perjalanan ini?

B: Tentu, kamu _______ ikut!

2. A: _______ kita mulai sekarang?

B: Ya, _______ kita mulai.

3. A: _______ saya pergi ke luar?

B: Ya, tapi _______ kamu pulang sebelum malam.

Answers:

1. Boleh; boleh

2. Sebaiknya; sebaiknya

3. Boleh; sebaiknya

Exercise 4: Translate to Indonesian[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Indonesian using boleh or sebaiknya.

1. You may leave early.

2. He should call his parents.

3. May I take a picture?

4. They should clean their room.

5. We may go to the beach.

Sample Answers:

1. Anda boleh pergi lebih awal.

2. Dia sebaiknya menelepon orang tuanya.

3. Boleh saya mengambil gambar?

4. Mereka sebaiknya membersihkan kamar mereka.

5. Kita boleh pergi ke pantai.

Exercise 5: Role Play[edit | edit source]

Pair up with a partner and role-play the following scenarios:

1. One person asks for permission to borrow a pen.

2. One person advises the other to study for an exam.

3. One person requests to use the restroom.

4. One person suggests going to a movie.

Note: Use boleh and sebaiknya in your dialogues.

Exercise 6: True or False[edit | edit source]

Determine if the statements are true or false based on your understanding of boleh and sebaiknya.

1. Boleh means "should". (False)

2. Sebaiknya is used for giving permission. (False)

3. You can use boleh to ask if you may do something. (True)

4. Sebaiknya is often used for advice or recommendation. (True)

5. Both boleh and sebaiknya can be used interchangeably. (False)

Exercise 7: Listening Comprehension[edit | edit source]

Listen to a native speaker use boleh and sebaiknya in sentences. Write down the sentences and identify which modal verb is used in each.

Note: Record the sentences for practice.

Exercise 8: Matching Exercise[edit | edit source]

Match the Indonesian sentences with their English translations.

1. Anda boleh pergi.

2. Sebaiknya kamu tidur lebih awal.

3. Boleh saya bertanya?

4. Mereka sebaiknya tidak terlambat.

| Indonesian Sentence | English Translation |

|-------------------|-------------------|

| A. You may go. | 1. Anda boleh pergi. |

| B. You should sleep earlier. | 2. Sebaiknya kamu tidur lebih awal. |

| C. May I ask? | 3. Boleh saya bertanya? |

| D. They should not be late. | 4. Mereka sebaiknya tidak terlambat. |

Answers:

1-A, 2-B, 3-C, 4-D

Exercise 9: Sentence Transformation[edit | edit source]

Transform the following sentences by changing them from a statement to a question using boleh.

1. Saya pergi ke supermarket. (May I go to the supermarket?)

2. Dia ikut dalam perlombaan. (May he/she join the competition?)

3. Kami mengambil foto. (May we take a photo?)

4. Anda berbicara dengan saya. (May you speak with me?)

Sample Answers:

1. Boleh saya pergi ke supermarket?

2. Boleh dia ikut dalam perlombaan?

3. Boleh kami mengambil foto?

4. Boleh Anda berbicara dengan saya?

Exercise 10: Reflection Writing[edit | edit source]

Write a short paragraph reflecting on how you can use boleh and sebaiknya in your daily life. Share specific scenarios where you think these modal verbs will be useful.

Sample Reflection:

In my daily life, I often use boleh when I want to ask for permission, like when I need to borrow a book from a friend. I also use sebaiknya when I give advice to my siblings about studying, reminding them that they should manage their time well. These modal verbs help me communicate effectively with my family and friends.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Fantastic work! You've now learned how to use boleh and sebaiknya to express permission and advice in Indonesian. Remember that mastering these modal verbs will boost your confidence in speaking and help you navigate various social situations more smoothly. Keep practicing, and you'll soon find that using these expressions becomes second nature.

If you have any questions or need further clarification, don't hesitate to ask. Keep up the great work, and see you in the next lesson!

Table of Contents - Indonesian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Pronouns and Greetings


Basic Grammar


Daily Life


Sentence Structure


Indonesian Culture


Travel and Transportation


Verb Tenses


Shopping and Bargaining


Indonesian Arts


Modal Verbs


Colors and Shapes


Comparative and Superlative


Indonesian Traditions


Emergencies


Indirect and Direct Speech


Jobs and Professions


Indonesian Holidays

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



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