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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Indonesian|Indonesian]]  → [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Indirect and Direct Speech → Indirect Speech</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Indonesian|Indonesian]]  → [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Indirect Speech</div>
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In this lesson, we will focus on learning how to use indirect speech in Indonesian. Indirect speech, also known as reported speech, is used to convey someone else's words or thoughts without quoting them directly. This is an important skill to master as it allows you to report conversations, statements, or questions in a more descriptive and accurate manner.
Welcome to today's lesson on '''Indirect Speech''' (kalimat tidak langsung) in Indonesian! This topic is essential for anyone looking to enhance their language skills, as it allows you to report what others have said without quoting them directly. Mastering indirect speech will not only improve your conversational skills but also deepen your understanding of the nuances of the Indonesian language.  


Indirect speech is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts, such as storytelling, interviews, and everyday conversations. By using indirect speech, you can effectively communicate what someone said or asked without resorting to direct quotations.
In this lesson, we will cover:


Indirect speech in Indonesian follows specific rules and structures. In this lesson, we will explore the use of indirect speech in the present tense. We will provide clear explanations, numerous examples, and engaging exercises to help you understand and practice this grammar concept. Let's dive in!
* '''What is Indirect Speech?'''


== The Structure of Indirect Speech in Indonesian ==
* '''How to form Indirect Speech in the Present Tense'''


Indirect speech in Indonesian involves several key elements:
* '''Examples of Indirect Speech'''
1. Reporting verb: This is the verb that introduces the reported speech and indicates that someone said or asked something. Common reporting verbs in Indonesian include "berkata" (said), "bertanya" (asked), "menyatakan" (stated), and "meminta" (requested).
2. Reporting clause: This is the part of the sentence that contains the reporting verb and connects the reported speech to the main clause. It often starts with the word "bahwa" (that).
3. Reported speech: This is the actual words, statements, or questions that someone said or asked. It is enclosed in quotation marks in direct speech but does not require them in indirect speech.
4. Changes in verb forms: When reporting speech, verb forms may change depending on the tense and the relationship between the speaker and the reported speech. We will discuss these changes in detail later in this lesson.


Let's look at some examples to understand the structure of indirect speech in Indonesian:
* '''Exercises to Practice Indirect Speech'''


=== Example 1 ===
So, let’s dive in!
Direct speech: "Saya suka makan nasi goreng." (I like eating fried rice.)
Indirect speech: Dia berkata bahwa dia suka makan nasi goreng. (He/she said that he/she likes eating fried rice.)


In this example, the reporting verb is "berkata" (said), the reporting clause is "bahwa dia" (that he/she), and the reported speech is "suka makan nasi goreng" (likes eating fried rice).
__TOC__


=== Example 2 ===
=== What is Indirect Speech? ===
Direct speech: "Apakah kamu sudah makan?" (Have you eaten?)
Indirect speech: Dia bertanya apakah kamu sudah makan. (He/she asked if you have eaten.)


In this example, the reporting verb is "bertanya" (asked), the reporting clause is "apakah kamu" (if you), and the reported speech is "sudah makan" (have eaten).
Indirect speech is a way of reporting what someone else has said without using their exact words. In English, we often use phrases like "He said that..." or "She told me that...". In Indonesian, we express this concept similarly, but with some unique grammatical rules.


Now that we understand the basic structure of indirect speech in Indonesian, let's explore some specific rules and examples in more detail.
'''Key Points:'''


== Indirect Speech in Present Tense ==
* Indirect speech often involves changing the tense of the verb.


When reporting speech in the present tense, there are a few important changes to be aware of in Indonesian. These changes involve verb forms, pronouns, and adverbs. Let's examine each of these elements separately.
* We typically use conjunctions like '''"bahwa"''' (that) to connect the reporting verb and the reported speech.


=== Changes in Verb Forms ===
* The subject pronouns may also change depending on the context.


In indirect speech, verb forms may change depending on the tense of the reported speech and the relationship between the speaker and the reported speech. In the present tense, the following changes occur:
=== How to Form Indirect Speech in the Present Tense ===


1. Present tense verb -> Present tense verb
When transforming direct speech into indirect speech in the present tense, we follow a few straightforward rules:
  Example: "Saya makan nasi goreng." (I eat fried rice.)
            -> Dia mengatakan bahwa dia makan nasi goreng. (He/she says that he/she eats fried rice.)


2. Present continuous tense verb -> Present tense verb
1. '''Change the verb tense if necessary.'''
  Example: "Saya sedang makan nasi goreng." (I am eating fried rice.)
            -> Dia mengatakan bahwa dia makan nasi goreng. (He/she says that he/she eats fried rice.)


3. Present perfect tense verb -> Present tense verb
2. '''Remove any quotation marks.'''
  Example: "Saya sudah makan nasi goreng." (I have eaten fried rice.)
            -> Dia mengatakan bahwa dia makan nasi goreng. (He/she says that he/she eats fried rice.)


4. Present perfect continuous tense verb -> Present tense verb
3. '''Use the conjunction "bahwa"''' to connect the clauses.
  Example: "Saya sudah sedang makan nasi goreng." (I have been eating fried rice.)
            -> Dia mengatakan bahwa dia makan nasi goreng. (He/she says that he/she eats fried rice.)


Note: In indirect speech, the present tense is used to report both the present and the future.
For example:


=== Changes in Pronouns ===
* Direct Speech: "Saya suka es krim." (I like ice cream.)


When reporting speech, pronouns may change depending on the relationship between the speaker and the reported speech. Here are the pronoun changes that occur in the present tense:
* Indirect Speech: Dia mengatakan bahwa dia suka es krim. (He/She says that he/she likes ice cream.)


1. "Saya" (I) -> "Dia" (He/She)
Let's see a few more examples in tabular format:
2. "Kamu" (You) -> "Dia" (He/She)
3. "Kita" (We) -> "Mereka" (They)


=== Changes in Adverbs ===
{| class="wikitable"


Adverbs of time and place may also change when reporting speech in the present tense. Here are some common changes:
! Indonesian !! Pronunciation !! English


1. "Sekarang" (Now) -> "Kemarin" (Yesterday)
|-
2. "Di sini" (Here) -> "Di sana" (There)


These changes in adverbs are used to reflect the reported speech in relation to the time and place of the reporting.
| "Saya pergi ke pasar." || "Saya pər-gi ke pa-sar." || "I go to the market."


Let's look at some examples to see these changes in action:
|-


=== Example 1 ===
| Dia berkata bahwa dia pergi ke pasar. || "Di-a bər-kata bɑ-wɑ di-a pər-gi ke pa-sar." || "He/She says that he goes to the market."
Direct speech: "Saya sedang belajar bahasa Indonesia." (I am learning Indonesian.)
Indirect speech: Dia mengatakan bahwa dia belajar bahasa Indonesia. (He/she says that he/she is learning Indonesian.)


In this example, the verb form "sedang" (am) is changed to the present tense verb "belajar" (learns) in indirect speech. The pronoun "saya" (I) is changed to "dia" (he/she), and the adverb "sekarang" (now) is omitted.
|-


=== Example 2 ===
| "Kami belajar bahasa Indonesia." || "Ka-mi bɛ-la-jar ba-ha-sa in-do-ne-si-a." || "We study Indonesian."
Direct speech: "Kamu sudah makan?" (Have you eaten?)
Indirect speech: Dia bertanya apakah dia sudah makan. (He/she asked if he/she has eaten.)


In this example, the pronoun "kamu" (you) is changed to "dia" (he/she) in indirect speech. The verb form "sudah" (have) remains the same, and the adverb "sekarang" (now) is changed to "apakah" (if).
|-


Now that we have covered the changes in verb forms, pronouns, and adverbs, let's move on to some practice exercises to reinforce your understanding.
| Mereka mengatakan bahwa mereka belajar bahasa Indonesia. || "Mɛ-re-ka mɛn-a-ɡa-takan bɑ-wɑ mɛ-re-ka bɛ-la-jar ba-ha-sa in-do-ne-si-a." || "They say that they study Indonesian."


== Practice Exercises ==
|-


Exercise 1: Rewrite the following sentences in indirect speech.
| "Saya suka bermain bola." || "Saya su-ka bər-main bo-la." || "I like to play soccer."


1. Direct speech: "Saya suka makan bakso." (I like eating meatballs.)
|-
2. Direct speech: "Kamu belajar di mana?" (Where do you study?)
3. Direct speech: "Kita sudah bermain sepak bola." (We have played soccer.)


Solution:
| Dia menyatakan bahwa dia suka bermain bola. || "Di-a mən-jɑ-takan bɑ-wɑ di-a su-ka bər-main bo-la." || "He/She states that he/she likes to play soccer."
1. Indirect speech: Dia mengatakan bahwa dia suka makan bakso. (He/she says that he/she likes eating meatballs.)
2. Indirect speech: Dia bertanya di mana kamu belajar. (He/she asked where you study.)
3. Indirect speech: Mereka mengatakan bahwa mereka sudah bermain sepak bola. (They say that they have played soccer.)


Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks with the correct verb forms, pronouns, and adverbs.
|}


1. Direct speech: "Saya ______________ (tidur) saat ini." (I am sleeping now.)
=== Examples of Indirect Speech ===
2. Direct speech: "Kamu ______________ (pergi) ke mana?" (Where are you going?)
3. Direct speech: "Kita ______________ (menyukai) musik Indonesia." (We like Indonesian music.)


Solution:
Let's go through 20 additional examples to further illustrate how indirect speech works in Indonesian:
1. Indirect speech: Dia mengatakan bahwa dia tidur saat ini. (He/she says that he/she is sleeping now.)
2. Indirect speech: Dia bertanya ke mana kamu pergi. (He/she asked where you are going.)
3. Indirect speech: Mereka mengatakan bahwa mereka menyukai musik Indonesia. (They say that they like Indonesian music.)


Congratulations! You have completed the lesson on indirect speech in Indonesian. By understanding and practicing this grammar concept, you are now able to report conversations, statements, or questions more accurately and effectively. Keep practicing and incorporating indirect speech in your Indonesian language skills to further enhance your fluency and communication abilities.
{| class="wikitable"


== Indonesian Culture: Regional Variations in Indirect Speech ==
! Indonesian !! Pronunciation !! English


Indonesia is a diverse country with various regional languages and cultures. While the rules and structures of indirect speech in Indonesian remain consistent across the country, there may be differences in the usage or understanding of this grammar concept in different regions.
|-


For example, in Javanese culture, which is predominant in Central Java and Yogyakarta, indirect speech is highly valued and often used to convey respect and politeness. Javanese people tend to use more elaborate reporting verbs and expressions when reporting speech, emphasizing the importance of social hierarchy and courtesy.
| "Dia senang belajar." || "Di-a sə-nɑŋ bɛ-la-jar." || "He/She is happy to study."


In contrast, in Sumatran culture, which encompasses various ethnicities such as Batak, Minangkabau, and Acehnese, direct speech is more commonly used in everyday conversations. People in Sumatra tend to be more direct and straightforward in their communication style, which is reflected in their use of direct quotations rather than indirect speech.
|-


These regional variations in the usage and understanding of indirect speech add richness and diversity to the Indonesian language. It is fascinating to explore how cultural factors influence language usage and shape the way people communicate.
| Dia bilang bahwa dia senang belajar. || "Di-a bi-lang bɑ-wɑ di-a sə-nɑŋ bɛ-la-jar." || "He/She says that he/she is happy to study."


== Conclusion ==
|-


In this lesson, we have explored the structure and usage of indirect speech in Indonesian. We have learned about the key elements of indirect speech, including reporting verbs, reporting clauses, and reported speech. We have also discussed the changes in verb forms, pronouns, and adverbs when reporting speech in the present tense.
| "Saya ingin makan." || "Saya in-ɪn ma-kan." || "I want to eat."


Through clear explanations, numerous examples, and engaging practice exercises, you have gained a solid understanding of how to use indirect speech effectively in Indonesian. Remember to continue practicing and incorporating indirect speech in your language skills to enhance your fluency and communication abilities.
|-


As you progress in your Indonesian language learning journey, you will encounter more complex grammar concepts and linguistic nuances. Stay curious, embrace the cultural richness of Indonesia, and enjoy the process of mastering the Indonesian language.
| Dia menyampaikan bahwa dia ingin makan. || "Di-a mɛn-jɑm-pai-kan bɑ-wɑ di-a in-ɪn ma-kan." || "He/She conveys that he/she wants to eat."
 
|-
 
| "Kita harus pergi sekarang." || "Ki-ta ha-rus pər-gi sə-ka-rang." || "We must go now."
 
|-
 
| Dia mengingatkan bahwa kita harus pergi sekarang. || "Di-a mɛn-ɪŋ-at-kan bɑ-wɑ ki-ta ha-rus pər-gi sə-ka-rang." || "He/She reminds that we must go now."
 
|-
 
| "Dia suka buku itu." || "Di-a su-ka bu-ku i-tu." || "He/She likes that book."
 
|-
 
| Dia menyatakan bahwa dia suka buku itu. || "Di-a mɛn-jɑ-takan bɑ-wɑ di-a su-ka bu-ku i-tu." || "He/She states that he/she likes that book."
 
|-
 
| "Kami akan pergi ke pantai." || "Ka-mi a-kɑn pər-gi ke pɑn-tai." || "We will go to the beach."
 
|-
 
| Dia memberitahukan bahwa kami akan pergi ke pantai. || "Di-a mɛm-bə-ri-tɑ-hu-kan bɑ-wɑ ka-mi a-kɑn pər-gi ke pɑn-tai." || "He/She informs that we will go to the beach."
 
|-
 
| "Mereka sedang belajar." || "Mɛ-re-ka sədɑŋ bɛ-la-jar." || "They are studying."
 
|-
 
| Dia memberitahukan bahwa mereka sedang belajar. || "Di-a mɛm-bə-ri-tɑ-hu-kan bɑ-wɑ mɛ-re-ka sədɑŋ bɛ-la-jar." || "He/She informs that they are studying."
 
|-
 
| "Saya tidak tahu." || "Saya ti-dak ta-hu." || "I do not know."
 
|-
 
| Dia mengatakan bahwa dia tidak tahu. || "Di-a mɛn-a-ɡa-takan bɑ-wɑ di-a ti-dak ta-hu." || "He/She says that he/she does not know."
 
|-
 
| "Kamu harus belajar lebih banyak." || "Ka-mu ha-rus bɛ-la-jar lə-biʔ bɪ-ɲɑk." || "You must study more."
 
|-
 
| Dia bilang bahwa kamu harus belajar lebih banyak. || "Di-a bi-lang bɑ-wɑ ka-mu ha-rus bɛ-la-jar lə-biʔ bɪ-ɲɑk." || "He/She says that you must study more."
 
|-
 
| "Dia pergi ke sekolah." || "Di-a pər-gi ke sə-ko-lah." || "He/She goes to school."
 
|-
 
| Dia menyatakan bahwa dia pergi ke sekolah. || "Di-a mɛn-jɑ-takan bɑ-wɑ di-a pər-gi ke sə-ko-lah." || "He/She states that he/she goes to school."
 
|-
 
| "Saya suka kopi." || "Saya su-ka ko-pi." || "I like coffee."
 
|-
 
| Dia berkata bahwa dia suka kopi. || "Di-a bər-kata bɑ-wɑ di-a su-ka ko-pi." || "He/She says that he/she likes coffee."
 
|-
 
| "Kita harus tidur lebih awal." || "Ki-ta ha-rus ti-dur lə-biʔ a-wal." || "We must sleep earlier."
 
|-
 
| Dia mengingatkan bahwa kita harus tidur lebih awal. || "Di-a mɛn-ɪŋ-at-kan bɑ-wɑ ki-ta ha-rus ti-dur lə-biʔ a-wal." || "He/She reminds that we must sleep earlier."
 
|-
 
| "Mereka ingin pergi." || "Mɛ-re-ka in-ɪn pər-gi." || "They want to go."
 
|-
 
| Dia mengatakan bahwa mereka ingin pergi. || "Di-a mɛn-a-ɡa-takan bɑ-wɑ mɛ-re-ka in-ɪn pər-gi." || "He/She says that they want to go."
 
|-
 
| "Saya tidak mau." || "Saya ti-dak mau." || "I do not want."
 
|-
 
| Dia bilang bahwa dia tidak mau. || "Di-a bi-lang bɑ-wɑ di-a ti-dak mau." || "He/She says that he/she does not want."
 
|-
 
| "Kami bisa membantu." || "Ka-mi bi-sa mɛm-bantu." || "We can help."
 
|-
 
| Dia menginformasikan bahwa kami bisa membantu. || "Di-a mɛn-ɪn-fɔr-ma-si-kan bɑ-wɑ ka-mi bi-sa mɛm-bantu." || "He/She informs that we can help."
 
|}
 
=== Exercises to Practice Indirect Speech ===
 
Now that we've explored the concept and examples, it's time to put your knowledge to the test! Here are ten exercises designed to reinforce what you’ve learned about indirect speech in Indonesian.
 
1. '''Transform the following direct speech into indirect speech.'''
 
* "Saya suka pizza."
 
2. '''Change the following sentence into indirect speech:'''
 
* "Dia mengatakan bahwa dia pergi ke rumah."
 
3. '''Convert the following direct speech into indirect speech:'''
 
* "Mereka ingin bermain di taman."
 
4. '''Turn this direct speech into indirect speech:'''
 
* "Kamu harus belajar lebih giat."
 
5. '''Rewrite this direct speech in indirect speech:'''
 
* "Saya tidak tahu jawabannya."
 
6. '''Change the following sentence to indirect speech:'''
 
* "Dia bilang bahwa dia senang."
 
7. '''Transform this direct speech into indirect speech:'''
 
* "Kita harus pulang sekarang."
 
8. '''Convert the following direct speech to indirect speech:'''
 
* "Saya mau pergi ke bioskop."
 
9. '''Change this direct speech into indirect speech:'''
 
* "Mereka sedang makan malam."
 
10. '''Rewrite this direct speech in indirect speech:'''
 
* "Dia ingin belajar bahasa Inggris."
 
=== Solutions and Explanations for Exercises ===
 
1. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia mengatakan bahwa dia suka pizza.
 
* ''Explanation:'' The subject pronoun changed to "dia," and we added "bahwa."
 
2. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia mengatakan bahwa dia pergi ke rumah.
 
* ''Explanation:'' The verb remains in present tense, and we used "bahwa."
 
3. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia mengatakan bahwa mereka ingin bermain di taman.
 
* ''Explanation:'' Again, we used "bahwa" and kept the present tense.
 
4. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia bilang bahwa dia harus belajar lebih giat.
 
* ''Explanation:'' Here, we keep the verb in present tense.
 
5. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia mengatakan bahwa dia tidak tahu jawabannya.
 
* ''Explanation:'' We retained the structure and used "bahwa."
 
6. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia bilang bahwa dia senang.
 
* ''Explanation:'' Simple transformation with "bahwa."
 
7. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia bilang bahwa kita harus pulang sekarang.
 
* ''Explanation:'' The imperative is transformed to a present tense structure.
 
8. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia mengatakan bahwa dia mau pergi ke bioskop.
 
* ''Explanation:'' "Mau" remains unchanged in this context.
 
9. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia mengatakan bahwa mereka sedang makan malam.
 
* ''Explanation:'' "Sedang" denotes ongoing action and is retained.
 
10. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia menyatakan bahwa dia ingin belajar bahasa Inggris.
 
* ''Explanation:'' The transformation is straightforward with "bahwa."
 
And there you have it! You've learned how to form indirect speech in Indonesian, specifically in the present tense. Remember, practice makes perfect, so keep using these structures in your conversations!


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Indonesian Grammar → Indirect and Direct Speech → Indirect Speech
 
|keywords=Indonesian grammar, indirect speech, reported speech, present tense, verb forms, pronouns, adverbs
|title=Learn Indirect Speech in Indonesian
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use indirect speech in the present tense in Indonesian. We will explore the structure, changes in verb forms, pronouns, and adverbs, and provide examples and practice exercises.
 
|keywords=Indonesian grammar, indirect speech, kalimat tidak langsung, language learning, present tense
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use indirect speech in Indonesian, focusing on the present tense and providing examples and exercises for practice.
 
}}
}}


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==Sources==
==Sources==

Latest revision as of 19:56, 31 July 2024

◀️ Direct Speech — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Job Titles ▶️

Indonesian-flag-polyglotclub.png
IndonesianGrammar0 to A1 Course → Indirect Speech

Welcome to today's lesson on Indirect Speech (kalimat tidak langsung) in Indonesian! This topic is essential for anyone looking to enhance their language skills, as it allows you to report what others have said without quoting them directly. Mastering indirect speech will not only improve your conversational skills but also deepen your understanding of the nuances of the Indonesian language.

In this lesson, we will cover:

  • What is Indirect Speech?
  • How to form Indirect Speech in the Present Tense
  • Examples of Indirect Speech
  • Exercises to Practice Indirect Speech

So, let’s dive in!

What is Indirect Speech?[edit | edit source]

Indirect speech is a way of reporting what someone else has said without using their exact words. In English, we often use phrases like "He said that..." or "She told me that...". In Indonesian, we express this concept similarly, but with some unique grammatical rules.

Key Points:

  • Indirect speech often involves changing the tense of the verb.
  • We typically use conjunctions like "bahwa" (that) to connect the reporting verb and the reported speech.
  • The subject pronouns may also change depending on the context.

How to Form Indirect Speech in the Present Tense[edit | edit source]

When transforming direct speech into indirect speech in the present tense, we follow a few straightforward rules:

1. Change the verb tense if necessary.

2. Remove any quotation marks.

3. Use the conjunction "bahwa" to connect the clauses.

For example:

  • Direct Speech: "Saya suka es krim." (I like ice cream.)
  • Indirect Speech: Dia mengatakan bahwa dia suka es krim. (He/She says that he/she likes ice cream.)

Let's see a few more examples in tabular format:

Indonesian Pronunciation English
"Saya pergi ke pasar." "Saya pər-gi ke pa-sar." "I go to the market."
Dia berkata bahwa dia pergi ke pasar. "Di-a bər-kata bɑ-wɑ di-a pər-gi ke pa-sar." "He/She says that he goes to the market."
"Kami belajar bahasa Indonesia." "Ka-mi bɛ-la-jar ba-ha-sa in-do-ne-si-a." "We study Indonesian."
Mereka mengatakan bahwa mereka belajar bahasa Indonesia. "Mɛ-re-ka mɛn-a-ɡa-takan bɑ-wɑ mɛ-re-ka bɛ-la-jar ba-ha-sa in-do-ne-si-a." "They say that they study Indonesian."
"Saya suka bermain bola." "Saya su-ka bər-main bo-la." "I like to play soccer."
Dia menyatakan bahwa dia suka bermain bola. "Di-a mən-jɑ-takan bɑ-wɑ di-a su-ka bər-main bo-la." "He/She states that he/she likes to play soccer."

Examples of Indirect Speech[edit | edit source]

Let's go through 20 additional examples to further illustrate how indirect speech works in Indonesian:

Indonesian Pronunciation English
"Dia senang belajar." "Di-a sə-nɑŋ bɛ-la-jar." "He/She is happy to study."
Dia bilang bahwa dia senang belajar. "Di-a bi-lang bɑ-wɑ di-a sə-nɑŋ bɛ-la-jar." "He/She says that he/she is happy to study."
"Saya ingin makan." "Saya in-ɪn ma-kan." "I want to eat."
Dia menyampaikan bahwa dia ingin makan. "Di-a mɛn-jɑm-pai-kan bɑ-wɑ di-a in-ɪn ma-kan." "He/She conveys that he/she wants to eat."
"Kita harus pergi sekarang." "Ki-ta ha-rus pər-gi sə-ka-rang." "We must go now."
Dia mengingatkan bahwa kita harus pergi sekarang. "Di-a mɛn-ɪŋ-at-kan bɑ-wɑ ki-ta ha-rus pər-gi sə-ka-rang." "He/She reminds that we must go now."
"Dia suka buku itu." "Di-a su-ka bu-ku i-tu." "He/She likes that book."
Dia menyatakan bahwa dia suka buku itu. "Di-a mɛn-jɑ-takan bɑ-wɑ di-a su-ka bu-ku i-tu." "He/She states that he/she likes that book."
"Kami akan pergi ke pantai." "Ka-mi a-kɑn pər-gi ke pɑn-tai." "We will go to the beach."
Dia memberitahukan bahwa kami akan pergi ke pantai. "Di-a mɛm-bə-ri-tɑ-hu-kan bɑ-wɑ ka-mi a-kɑn pər-gi ke pɑn-tai." "He/She informs that we will go to the beach."
"Mereka sedang belajar." "Mɛ-re-ka sədɑŋ bɛ-la-jar." "They are studying."
Dia memberitahukan bahwa mereka sedang belajar. "Di-a mɛm-bə-ri-tɑ-hu-kan bɑ-wɑ mɛ-re-ka sədɑŋ bɛ-la-jar." "He/She informs that they are studying."
"Saya tidak tahu." "Saya ti-dak ta-hu." "I do not know."
Dia mengatakan bahwa dia tidak tahu. "Di-a mɛn-a-ɡa-takan bɑ-wɑ di-a ti-dak ta-hu." "He/She says that he/she does not know."
"Kamu harus belajar lebih banyak." "Ka-mu ha-rus bɛ-la-jar lə-biʔ bɪ-ɲɑk." "You must study more."
Dia bilang bahwa kamu harus belajar lebih banyak. "Di-a bi-lang bɑ-wɑ ka-mu ha-rus bɛ-la-jar lə-biʔ bɪ-ɲɑk." "He/She says that you must study more."
"Dia pergi ke sekolah." "Di-a pər-gi ke sə-ko-lah." "He/She goes to school."
Dia menyatakan bahwa dia pergi ke sekolah. "Di-a mɛn-jɑ-takan bɑ-wɑ di-a pər-gi ke sə-ko-lah." "He/She states that he/she goes to school."
"Saya suka kopi." "Saya su-ka ko-pi." "I like coffee."
Dia berkata bahwa dia suka kopi. "Di-a bər-kata bɑ-wɑ di-a su-ka ko-pi." "He/She says that he/she likes coffee."
"Kita harus tidur lebih awal." "Ki-ta ha-rus ti-dur lə-biʔ a-wal." "We must sleep earlier."
Dia mengingatkan bahwa kita harus tidur lebih awal. "Di-a mɛn-ɪŋ-at-kan bɑ-wɑ ki-ta ha-rus ti-dur lə-biʔ a-wal." "He/She reminds that we must sleep earlier."
"Mereka ingin pergi." "Mɛ-re-ka in-ɪn pər-gi." "They want to go."
Dia mengatakan bahwa mereka ingin pergi. "Di-a mɛn-a-ɡa-takan bɑ-wɑ mɛ-re-ka in-ɪn pər-gi." "He/She says that they want to go."
"Saya tidak mau." "Saya ti-dak mau." "I do not want."
Dia bilang bahwa dia tidak mau. "Di-a bi-lang bɑ-wɑ di-a ti-dak mau." "He/She says that he/she does not want."
"Kami bisa membantu." "Ka-mi bi-sa mɛm-bantu." "We can help."
Dia menginformasikan bahwa kami bisa membantu. "Di-a mɛn-ɪn-fɔr-ma-si-kan bɑ-wɑ ka-mi bi-sa mɛm-bantu." "He/She informs that we can help."

Exercises to Practice Indirect Speech[edit | edit source]

Now that we've explored the concept and examples, it's time to put your knowledge to the test! Here are ten exercises designed to reinforce what you’ve learned about indirect speech in Indonesian.

1. Transform the following direct speech into indirect speech.

  • "Saya suka pizza."

2. Change the following sentence into indirect speech:

  • "Dia mengatakan bahwa dia pergi ke rumah."

3. Convert the following direct speech into indirect speech:

  • "Mereka ingin bermain di taman."

4. Turn this direct speech into indirect speech:

  • "Kamu harus belajar lebih giat."

5. Rewrite this direct speech in indirect speech:

  • "Saya tidak tahu jawabannya."

6. Change the following sentence to indirect speech:

  • "Dia bilang bahwa dia senang."

7. Transform this direct speech into indirect speech:

  • "Kita harus pulang sekarang."

8. Convert the following direct speech to indirect speech:

  • "Saya mau pergi ke bioskop."

9. Change this direct speech into indirect speech:

  • "Mereka sedang makan malam."

10. Rewrite this direct speech in indirect speech:

  • "Dia ingin belajar bahasa Inggris."

Solutions and Explanations for Exercises[edit | edit source]

1. Indirect Speech: Dia mengatakan bahwa dia suka pizza.

  • Explanation: The subject pronoun changed to "dia," and we added "bahwa."

2. Indirect Speech: Dia mengatakan bahwa dia pergi ke rumah.

  • Explanation: The verb remains in present tense, and we used "bahwa."

3. Indirect Speech: Dia mengatakan bahwa mereka ingin bermain di taman.

  • Explanation: Again, we used "bahwa" and kept the present tense.

4. Indirect Speech: Dia bilang bahwa dia harus belajar lebih giat.

  • Explanation: Here, we keep the verb in present tense.

5. Indirect Speech: Dia mengatakan bahwa dia tidak tahu jawabannya.

  • Explanation: We retained the structure and used "bahwa."

6. Indirect Speech: Dia bilang bahwa dia senang.

  • Explanation: Simple transformation with "bahwa."

7. Indirect Speech: Dia bilang bahwa kita harus pulang sekarang.

  • Explanation: The imperative is transformed to a present tense structure.

8. Indirect Speech: Dia mengatakan bahwa dia mau pergi ke bioskop.

  • Explanation: "Mau" remains unchanged in this context.

9. Indirect Speech: Dia mengatakan bahwa mereka sedang makan malam.

  • Explanation: "Sedang" denotes ongoing action and is retained.

10. Indirect Speech: Dia menyatakan bahwa dia ingin belajar bahasa Inggris.

  • Explanation: The transformation is straightforward with "bahwa."

And there you have it! You've learned how to form indirect speech in Indonesian, specifically in the present tense. Remember, practice makes perfect, so keep using these structures in your conversations!

Sources[edit | edit source]



Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



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