Difference between revisions of "Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Indirect-Speech"

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Indonesian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Indirect Speech

Welcome to today's lesson on Indirect Speech (kalimat tidak langsung) in Indonesian! This topic is essential for anyone looking to enhance their language skills, as it allows you to report what others have said without quoting them directly. Mastering indirect speech will not only improve your conversational skills but also deepen your understanding of the nuances of the Indonesian language.

In this lesson, we will cover:

What is Indirect Speech?

How to form Indirect Speech in the Present Tense

Examples of Indirect Speech

Exercises to Practice Indirect Speech

So, let’s dive in!

What is Indirect Speech?[edit | edit source]

Indirect speech is a way of reporting what someone else has said without using their exact words. In English, we often use phrases like "He said that..." or "She told me that...". In Indonesian, we express this concept similarly, but with some unique grammatical rules.

Key Points:

Indirect speech often involves changing the tense of the verb.

We typically use conjunctions like "bahwa" (that) to connect the reporting verb and the reported speech.

The subject pronouns may also change depending on the context.

How to Form Indirect Speech in the Present Tense[edit | edit source]

When transforming direct speech into indirect speech in the present tense, we follow a few straightforward rules:

1. Change the verb tense if necessary.

2. Remove any quotation marks.

3. Use the conjunction "bahwa" to connect the clauses.

For example:

Direct Speech: "Saya suka es krim." (I like ice cream.)

Indirect Speech: Dia mengatakan bahwa dia suka es krim. (He/She says that he/she likes ice cream.)

Let's see a few more examples in tabular format:

Indonesian	Pronunciation	English
"Saya pergi ke pasar."	"Saya pər-gi ke pa-sar."	"I go to the market."
Dia berkata bahwa dia pergi ke pasar.	"Di-a bər-kata bɑ-wɑ di-a pər-gi ke pa-sar."	"He/She says that he goes to the market."
"Kami belajar bahasa Indonesia."	"Ka-mi bɛ-la-jar ba-ha-sa in-do-ne-si-a."	"We study Indonesian."
Mereka mengatakan bahwa mereka belajar bahasa Indonesia.	"Mɛ-re-ka mɛn-a-ɡa-takan bɑ-wɑ mɛ-re-ka bɛ-la-jar ba-ha-sa in-do-ne-si-a."	"They say that they study Indonesian."
"Saya suka bermain bola."	"Saya su-ka bər-main bo-la."	"I like to play soccer."
Dia menyatakan bahwa dia suka bermain bola.	"Di-a mən-jɑ-takan bɑ-wɑ di-a su-ka bər-main bo-la."	"He/She states that he/she likes to play soccer."

Examples of Indirect Speech[edit | edit source]

Let's go through 20 additional examples to further illustrate how indirect speech works in Indonesian:

Indonesian	Pronunciation	English
"Dia senang belajar."	"Di-a sə-nɑŋ bɛ-la-jar."	"He/She is happy to study."
Dia bilang bahwa dia senang belajar.	"Di-a bi-lang bɑ-wɑ di-a sə-nɑŋ bɛ-la-jar."	"He/She says that he/she is happy to study."
"Saya ingin makan."	"Saya in-ɪn ma-kan."	"I want to eat."
Dia menyampaikan bahwa dia ingin makan.	"Di-a mɛn-jɑm-pai-kan bɑ-wɑ di-a in-ɪn ma-kan."	"He/She conveys that he/she wants to eat."
"Kita harus pergi sekarang."	"Ki-ta ha-rus pər-gi sə-ka-rang."	"We must go now."
Dia mengingatkan bahwa kita harus pergi sekarang.	"Di-a mɛn-ɪŋ-at-kan bɑ-wɑ ki-ta ha-rus pər-gi sə-ka-rang."	"He/She reminds that we must go now."
"Dia suka buku itu."	"Di-a su-ka bu-ku i-tu."	"He/She likes that book."
Dia menyatakan bahwa dia suka buku itu.	"Di-a mɛn-jɑ-takan bɑ-wɑ di-a su-ka bu-ku i-tu."	"He/She states that he/she likes that book."
"Kami akan pergi ke pantai."	"Ka-mi a-kɑn pər-gi ke pɑn-tai."	"We will go to the beach."
Dia memberitahukan bahwa kami akan pergi ke pantai.	"Di-a mɛm-bə-ri-tɑ-hu-kan bɑ-wɑ ka-mi a-kɑn pər-gi ke pɑn-tai."	"He/She informs that we will go to the beach."
"Mereka sedang belajar."	"Mɛ-re-ka sədɑŋ bɛ-la-jar."	"They are studying."
Dia memberitahukan bahwa mereka sedang belajar.	"Di-a mɛm-bə-ri-tɑ-hu-kan bɑ-wɑ mɛ-re-ka sədɑŋ bɛ-la-jar."	"He/She informs that they are studying."
"Saya tidak tahu."	"Saya ti-dak ta-hu."	"I do not know."
Dia mengatakan bahwa dia tidak tahu.	"Di-a mɛn-a-ɡa-takan bɑ-wɑ di-a ti-dak ta-hu."	"He/She says that he/she does not know."
"Kamu harus belajar lebih banyak."	"Ka-mu ha-rus bɛ-la-jar lə-biʔ bɪ-ɲɑk."	"You must study more."
Dia bilang bahwa kamu harus belajar lebih banyak.	"Di-a bi-lang bɑ-wɑ ka-mu ha-rus bɛ-la-jar lə-biʔ bɪ-ɲɑk."	"He/She says that you must study more."
"Dia pergi ke sekolah."	"Di-a pər-gi ke sə-ko-lah."	"He/She goes to school."
Dia menyatakan bahwa dia pergi ke sekolah.	"Di-a mɛn-jɑ-takan bɑ-wɑ di-a pər-gi ke sə-ko-lah."	"He/She states that he/she goes to school."
"Saya suka kopi."	"Saya su-ka ko-pi."	"I like coffee."
Dia berkata bahwa dia suka kopi.	"Di-a bər-kata bɑ-wɑ di-a su-ka ko-pi."	"He/She says that he/she likes coffee."
"Kita harus tidur lebih awal."	"Ki-ta ha-rus ti-dur lə-biʔ a-wal."	"We must sleep earlier."
Dia mengingatkan bahwa kita harus tidur lebih awal.	"Di-a mɛn-ɪŋ-at-kan bɑ-wɑ ki-ta ha-rus ti-dur lə-biʔ a-wal."	"He/She reminds that we must sleep earlier."
"Mereka ingin pergi."	"Mɛ-re-ka in-ɪn pər-gi."	"They want to go."
Dia mengatakan bahwa mereka ingin pergi.	"Di-a mɛn-a-ɡa-takan bɑ-wɑ mɛ-re-ka in-ɪn pər-gi."	"He/She says that they want to go."
"Saya tidak mau."	"Saya ti-dak mau."	"I do not want."
Dia bilang bahwa dia tidak mau.	"Di-a bi-lang bɑ-wɑ di-a ti-dak mau."	"He/She says that he/she does not want."
"Kami bisa membantu."	"Ka-mi bi-sa mɛm-bantu."	"We can help."
Dia menginformasikan bahwa kami bisa membantu.	"Di-a mɛn-ɪn-fɔr-ma-si-kan bɑ-wɑ ka-mi bi-sa mɛm-bantu."	"He/She informs that we can help."

Exercises to Practice Indirect Speech[edit | edit source]

Now that we've explored the concept and examples, it's time to put your knowledge to the test! Here are ten exercises designed to reinforce what you’ve learned about indirect speech in Indonesian.

1. Transform the following direct speech into indirect speech.

"Saya suka pizza."

2. Change the following sentence into indirect speech:

"Dia mengatakan bahwa dia pergi ke rumah."

3. Convert the following direct speech into indirect speech:

"Mereka ingin bermain di taman."

4. Turn this direct speech into indirect speech:

"Kamu harus belajar lebih giat."

5. Rewrite this direct speech in indirect speech:

"Saya tidak tahu jawabannya."

6. Change the following sentence to indirect speech:

"Dia bilang bahwa dia senang."

7. Transform this direct speech into indirect speech:

"Kita harus pulang sekarang."

8. Convert the following direct speech to indirect speech:

"Saya mau pergi ke bioskop."

9. Change this direct speech into indirect speech:

"Mereka sedang makan malam."

10. Rewrite this direct speech in indirect speech:

"Dia ingin belajar bahasa Inggris."

Solutions and Explanations for Exercises[edit | edit source]

1. Indirect Speech: Dia mengatakan bahwa dia suka pizza.

Explanation: The subject pronoun changed to "dia," and we added "bahwa."

2. Indirect Speech: Dia mengatakan bahwa dia pergi ke rumah.

Explanation: The verb remains in present tense, and we used "bahwa."

3. Indirect Speech: Dia mengatakan bahwa mereka ingin bermain di taman.

Explanation: Again, we used "bahwa" and kept the present tense.

4. Indirect Speech: Dia bilang bahwa dia harus belajar lebih giat.

Explanation: Here, we keep the verb in present tense.

5. Indirect Speech: Dia mengatakan bahwa dia tidak tahu jawabannya.

Explanation: We retained the structure and used "bahwa."

6. Indirect Speech: Dia bilang bahwa dia senang.

Explanation: Simple transformation with "bahwa."

7. Indirect Speech: Dia bilang bahwa kita harus pulang sekarang.

Explanation: The imperative is transformed to a present tense structure.

8. Indirect Speech: Dia mengatakan bahwa dia mau pergi ke bioskop.

Explanation: "Mau" remains unchanged in this context.

9. Indirect Speech: Dia mengatakan bahwa mereka sedang makan malam.

Explanation: "Sedang" denotes ongoing action and is retained.

10. Indirect Speech: Dia menyatakan bahwa dia ingin belajar bahasa Inggris.

Explanation: The transformation is straightforward with "bahwa."

And there you have it! You've learned how to form indirect speech in Indonesian, specifically in the present tense. Remember, practice makes perfect, so keep using these structures in your conversations!

Table of Contents - Indonesian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]

Course Presentation

Pronouns and Greetings

Basic Grammar

Daily Life

Sentence Structure

Indonesian Culture

Travel and Transportation

Verb Tenses

Shopping and Bargaining

Indonesian Arts

Modal Verbs

Colors and Shapes

Comparative and Superlative

Indonesian Traditions

Emergencies

Indirect and Direct Speech

Jobs and Professions

Indonesian Holidays

Sources[edit | edit source]

Indonesian Grammar → Indirect and Direct Speech → Direct Speech

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

◀️ Direct Speech — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Job Titles ▶️

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
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 {{Indonesian-Page-Top}}
+<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Indonesian|Indonesian]]  → [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Indirect Speech</div>
+Welcome to today's lesson on '''Indirect Speech''' (kalimat tidak langsung) in Indonesian! This topic is essential for anyone looking to enhance their language skills, as it allows you to report what others have said without quoting them directly. Mastering indirect speech will not only improve your conversational skills but also deepen your understanding of the nuances of the Indonesian language.
+In this lesson, we will cover:
+* '''What is Indirect Speech?'''
-<div class="pg_page_title">Indonesian Grammar → Indirect and Direct Speech → Indirect Speech</div>
+* '''How to form Indirect Speech in the Present Tense'''
-__TOC__
-Indirect speech, or kalimat tidak langsung, is essential to express what someone else said, thought or felt in Indonesian. Generally, it is used to report what a person said, without using the exact words spoken. In this lesson, we will focus on how to use indirect speech in present tense.
+* '''Examples of Indirect Speech'''
+* '''Exercises to Practice Indirect Speech'''
-<span link>Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Indefinite-Articles-in-Indonesian|Indefinite Articles in Indonesian]] & [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Comparative|Comparative]].</span>
+So, let’s dive in!
-== Forms of Indirect Speech ==
-There are two forms of indirect speech in Indonesian: reportative and quotative. The former is used to report a statement or an assumption, while the latter is used to report a direct quotation or a conversation. We will focus here on the reportative form, since it is the one most commonly used in everyday situations.
+__TOC__
-The reportative form is indicated by the use of the word "katanya" after the reported sentence or fact. This word means "according to him/her/them" or "it is said that", which introduces the speaker's interpretation of what was conveyed. This means that the sentence is no longer in first or second person, but in third person.
+=== What is Indirect Speech? ===
-== Converting Direct to Indirect Speech ==
+Indirect speech is a way of reporting what someone else has said without using their exact words. In English, we often use phrases like "He said that..." or "She told me that...". In Indonesian, we express this concept similarly, but with some unique grammatical rules.
-To convert a direct statement into indirect speech, there are some changes that must be made. For instance, the sentence order changes to subject-verb-object, like in a normal sentence in Indonesian. Additionally, the tense must be changed from the present to the past, as the statement is no longer in real time. For example:
+'''Key Points:'''
-Direct speech: "Saya makan nasi goreng"
+* Indirect speech often involves changing the tense of the verb.
-Indirect speech: Dia berkata bahwa dia makan nasi goreng (According to him/her/them, he/she ate nasi goreng)
-The first sentence is a direct speech in which the present tense is used. The second sentence is an indirect speech version, in which the present tense of the verb is changed to the past tense. The third person pronoun is used to indicate that the speaker is not the same as the original sentence.
+* We typically use conjunctions like '''"bahwa"''' (that) to connect the reporting verb and the reported speech.
-It is important to note that direct speech can be reported in the same tense as it was originally spoken. In that case, one would use the same verb tense as the original sentence:
+* The subject pronouns may also change depending on the context.
-Direct speech: "Mereka bekerja di kantor"
+=== How to Form Indirect Speech in the Present Tense ===
-Indirect speech (same tense): Dia berkata bahwa mereka bekerja di kantor
-The sentence above has the same tense for both direct and indirect speech. The sentence order and the use of the pronoun "dia" indicate that the speaker did not say it in his or her own words.
+When transforming direct speech into indirect speech in the present tense, we follow a few straightforward rules:
-== Indirect Questions ==
+. '''Change the verb tense if necessary.'''
-Indirect questions are used to report questions that someone else asked or thought, using an indirect speech form. The verb tense, as in the above examples, must be changed to the past tense. Additionally, the use of the word "tanya" or "bertanya" can indicate that what follows is an indirect question. For example:
+. '''Remove any quotation marks.'''
-Direct question: "Kapan kamu pulang?"
+. '''Use the conjunction "bahwa"''' to connect the clauses.
-Indirect question: Dia bertanya kapan aku pulang (According to him/her/them, he/she asked me when I would go home)
-The use of the word "bertanya" indicates that the sentence is an indirect question. The past tense of the verb "tanya" is used, making it an indirect speech. Additionally, the sentence order is changed to subject-verb-object.
+For example:
-== Examples ==
+* Direct Speech: "Saya suka es krim." (I like ice cream.)
-Here are some examples of indirect speech in Indonesian to help you understand better:
+* Indirect Speech: Dia mengatakan bahwa dia suka es krim. (He/She says that he/she likes ice cream.)
+Let's see a few more examples in tabular format:
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! Indonesian !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| "Saya suka nonton film Indonesia." || "Saya soo-kah non-tohn feelm In-doh-neh-see-ah" || "I like watching Indonesian movies."
+| "Saya pergi ke pasar." || "Saya pər-gi ke pa-sar." || "I go to the market."
 |-
-| "Mereka tidak punya waktu." || "Meh-rah-kah tee-dahk poo-nyahh tee-gahh-tooh"|| "They don't have time."
+| Dia berkata bahwa dia pergi ke pasar. || "Di-a bər-kata bɑ-wɑ di-a pər-gi ke pa-sar." || "He/She says that he goes to the market."
 |-
-| "Kamu tinggal di mana?" || "Kah-moo tee-ngahl dee mah-nah" || "Where do you live?"
+| "Kami belajar bahasa Indonesia." || "Ka-mi bɛ-la-jar ba-ha-sa in-do-ne-si-a." || "We study Indonesian."
+|-
+| Mereka mengatakan bahwa mereka belajar bahasa Indonesia. || "Mɛ-re-ka mɛn-a-ɡa-takan bɑ-wɑ mɛ-re-ka bɛ-la-jar ba-ha-sa in-do-ne-si-a." || "They say that they study Indonesian."
+|-
+| "Saya suka bermain bola." || "Saya su-ka bər-main bo-la." || "I like to play soccer."
+|-
+| Dia menyatakan bahwa dia suka bermain bola. || "Di-a mən-jɑ-takan bɑ-wɑ di-a su-ka bər-main bo-la." || "He/She states that he/she likes to play soccer."
 |}
-So, the reportative version of these sentences would be:
+=== Examples of Indirect Speech ===
+Let's go through 20 additional examples to further illustrate how indirect speech works in Indonesian:
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Indonesian !! Pronunciation !! English
+|-
+| "Dia senang belajar." || "Di-a sə-nɑŋ bɛ-la-jar." || "He/She is happy to study."
+|-
+| Dia bilang bahwa dia senang belajar. || "Di-a bi-lang bɑ-wɑ di-a sə-nɑŋ bɛ-la-jar." || "He/She says that he/she is happy to study."
+|-
+| "Saya ingin makan." || "Saya in-ɪn ma-kan." || "I want to eat."
+|-
+| Dia menyampaikan bahwa dia ingin makan. || "Di-a mɛn-jɑm-pai-kan bɑ-wɑ di-a in-ɪn ma-kan." || "He/She conveys that he/she wants to eat."
+|-
+| "Kita harus pergi sekarang." || "Ki-ta ha-rus pər-gi sə-ka-rang." || "We must go now."
+|-
+| Dia mengingatkan bahwa kita harus pergi sekarang. || "Di-a mɛn-ɪŋ-at-kan bɑ-wɑ ki-ta ha-rus pər-gi sə-ka-rang." || "He/She reminds that we must go now."
+|-
+| "Dia suka buku itu." || "Di-a su-ka bu-ku i-tu." || "He/She likes that book."
+|-
+| Dia menyatakan bahwa dia suka buku itu. || "Di-a mɛn-jɑ-takan bɑ-wɑ di-a su-ka bu-ku i-tu." || "He/She states that he/she likes that book."
+|-
+| "Kami akan pergi ke pantai." || "Ka-mi a-kɑn pər-gi ke pɑn-tai." || "We will go to the beach."
+|-
+| Dia memberitahukan bahwa kami akan pergi ke pantai. || "Di-a mɛm-bə-ri-tɑ-hu-kan bɑ-wɑ ka-mi a-kɑn pər-gi ke pɑn-tai." || "He/She informs that we will go to the beach."
+|-
+| "Mereka sedang belajar." || "Mɛ-re-ka sədɑŋ bɛ-la-jar." || "They are studying."
+|-
+| Dia memberitahukan bahwa mereka sedang belajar. || "Di-a mɛm-bə-ri-tɑ-hu-kan bɑ-wɑ mɛ-re-ka sədɑŋ bɛ-la-jar." || "He/She informs that they are studying."
+|-
+| "Saya tidak tahu." || "Saya ti-dak ta-hu." || "I do not know."
-- Dia mengatakan bahwa dia suka nonton film Indonesia (According to him/her/them, he/she likes watching Indonesian movies)
+|-
-- Mereka mengatakan bahwa mereka tidak punya waktu (According to him/her/them, they don't have time)
-- Dia bertanya di mana aku tinggal ((According to him/her/them, he/she asked me where I lived)
-== Conclusion ==
+| Dia mengatakan bahwa dia tidak tahu. || "Di-a mɛn-a-ɡa-takan bɑ-wɑ di-a ti-dak ta-hu." || "He/She says that he/she does not know."
-Indirect speech is a vital tool for Indonesian speakers to communicate facts or statements that were said previously by someone else. By using indirect speech, speakers can convey information indirectly without having to repeat everything directly, thus making it easier and more concise. Make sure to practice converting direct speech into indirect speech, as well as using indirect questions, to advance your fluency skills.
+|-
-<span class='maj'></span>
+| "Kamu harus belajar lebih banyak." || "Ka-mu ha-rus bɛ-la-jar lə-biʔ bɪ-ɲɑk." || "You must study more."
-==Sources==
-* [https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Direct-Speech Indonesian Grammar → Indirect and Direct Speech → Direct Speech]
+|-
+| Dia bilang bahwa kamu harus belajar lebih banyak. || "Di-a bi-lang bɑ-wɑ ka-mu ha-rus bɛ-la-jar lə-biʔ bɪ-ɲɑk." || "He/She says that you must study more."
+|-
+| "Dia pergi ke sekolah." || "Di-a pər-gi ke sə-ko-lah." || "He/She goes to school."
+|-
+| Dia menyatakan bahwa dia pergi ke sekolah. || "Di-a mɛn-jɑ-takan bɑ-wɑ di-a pər-gi ke sə-ko-lah." || "He/She states that he/she goes to school."
+|-
+| "Saya suka kopi." || "Saya su-ka ko-pi." || "I like coffee."
+|-
+| Dia berkata bahwa dia suka kopi. || "Di-a bər-kata bɑ-wɑ di-a su-ka ko-pi." || "He/She says that he/she likes coffee."
+|-
+| "Kita harus tidur lebih awal." || "Ki-ta ha-rus ti-dur lə-biʔ a-wal." || "We must sleep earlier."
+|-
+| Dia mengingatkan bahwa kita harus tidur lebih awal. || "Di-a mɛn-ɪŋ-at-kan bɑ-wɑ ki-ta ha-rus ti-dur lə-biʔ a-wal." || "He/She reminds that we must sleep earlier."
+|-
+| "Mereka ingin pergi." || "Mɛ-re-ka in-ɪn pər-gi." || "They want to go."
+|-
+| Dia mengatakan bahwa mereka ingin pergi. || "Di-a mɛn-a-ɡa-takan bɑ-wɑ mɛ-re-ka in-ɪn pər-gi." || "He/She says that they want to go."
+|-
+| "Saya tidak mau." || "Saya ti-dak mau." || "I do not want."
+|-
+| Dia bilang bahwa dia tidak mau. || "Di-a bi-lang bɑ-wɑ di-a ti-dak mau." || "He/She says that he/she does not want."
+|-
+| "Kami bisa membantu." || "Ka-mi bi-sa mɛm-bantu." || "We can help."
+|-
+| Dia menginformasikan bahwa kami bisa membantu. || "Di-a mɛn-ɪn-fɔr-ma-si-kan bɑ-wɑ ka-mi bi-sa mɛm-bantu." || "He/She informs that we can help."
+|}
+=== Exercises to Practice Indirect Speech ===
+Now that we've explored the concept and examples, it's time to put your knowledge to the test! Here are ten exercises designed to reinforce what you’ve learned about indirect speech in Indonesian.
+. '''Transform the following direct speech into indirect speech.'''
+* "Saya suka pizza."
+. '''Change the following sentence into indirect speech:'''
+* "Dia mengatakan bahwa dia pergi ke rumah."
+. '''Convert the following direct speech into indirect speech:'''
+* "Mereka ingin bermain di taman."
+. '''Turn this direct speech into indirect speech:'''
+* "Kamu harus belajar lebih giat."
+. '''Rewrite this direct speech in indirect speech:'''
+* "Saya tidak tahu jawabannya."
+. '''Change the following sentence to indirect speech:'''
+* "Dia bilang bahwa dia senang."
+. '''Transform this direct speech into indirect speech:'''
+* "Kita harus pulang sekarang."
+. '''Convert the following direct speech to indirect speech:'''
+* "Saya mau pergi ke bioskop."
+. '''Change this direct speech into indirect speech:'''
+* "Mereka sedang makan malam."
+. '''Rewrite this direct speech in indirect speech:'''
+* "Dia ingin belajar bahasa Inggris."
+=== Solutions and Explanations for Exercises ===
+. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia mengatakan bahwa dia suka pizza.
+* ''Explanation:'' The subject pronoun changed to "dia," and we added "bahwa."
+. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia mengatakan bahwa dia pergi ke rumah.
+* ''Explanation:'' The verb remains in present tense, and we used "bahwa."
+. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia mengatakan bahwa mereka ingin bermain di taman.
+* ''Explanation:'' Again, we used "bahwa" and kept the present tense.
+. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia bilang bahwa dia harus belajar lebih giat.
+* ''Explanation:'' Here, we keep the verb in present tense.
+. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia mengatakan bahwa dia tidak tahu jawabannya.
+* ''Explanation:'' We retained the structure and used "bahwa."
+. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia bilang bahwa dia senang.
+* ''Explanation:'' Simple transformation with "bahwa."
+. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia bilang bahwa kita harus pulang sekarang.
+* ''Explanation:'' The imperative is transformed to a present tense structure.
+. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia mengatakan bahwa dia mau pergi ke bioskop.
+* ''Explanation:'' "Mau" remains unchanged in this context.
+. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia mengatakan bahwa mereka sedang makan malam.
+* ''Explanation:'' "Sedang" denotes ongoing action and is retained.
+. '''Indirect Speech:''' Dia menyatakan bahwa dia ingin belajar bahasa Inggris.
+* ''Explanation:'' The transformation is straightforward with "bahwa."
+And there you have it! You've learned how to form indirect speech in Indonesian, specifically in the present tense. Remember, practice makes perfect, so keep using these structures in your conversations!
-<span link>Great work on completing this lesson! Take a moment to investigate these connected pages: [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]] & [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Negation-and-Affirmation|Negation and Affirmation]].</span>
 {{#seo:
-|title=Indonesian Grammar → Indirect and Direct Speech → Indirect Speech
-|keywords=Indonesian grammar, direct speech, indirect speech, kalimat langsung, kalimat tidak langsung, Indonesian language, complete Indonesian course
-|description=In this lesson of the "Complete 0 to A1 Indonesian Course", you will learn how to use indirect speech in Indonesian, specifically in present tense. Practice converting direct speech to indirect speech and using indirect questions to help you communicate effectively. Find examples and tips here!}}
-{{Indonesian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
+|title=Learn Indirect Speech in Indonesian
+|keywords=Indonesian grammar, indirect speech, kalimat tidak langsung, language learning, present tense
+|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use indirect speech in Indonesian, focusing on the present tense and providing examples and exercises for practice.
+}}
+{{Template:Indonesian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
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 [[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
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+<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
+==Sources==
+* [https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Direct-Speech Indonesian Grammar → Indirect and Direct Speech → Direct Speech]
 ==Other Lessons==
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 * [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Indonesian-Nouns|Indonesian Nouns]]
 * [[Language/Indonesian/Grammar/Present-Tense|Present Tense]]
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