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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Iranian-persian|Iranian Persian]]  → [[Language/Iranian-persian/Culture|Culture]] → [[Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Unit 8: Persian literature and arts → Lesson 17: Persian cinema and music</div>
__TOC__
== Introduction ==
Welcome to Lesson 17 of the "Complete 0 to A1 Iranian Persian Course." In this lesson, we will explore the fascinating world of Persian cinema and music. Persian cinema has gained international recognition for its unique storytelling and artistic style, while Persian music, with its rich history and diverse genres, has captivated audiences for centuries. By the end of this lesson, you will have a deeper understanding of the most prominent figures and trends in Persian cinema and music, as well as their social and cultural contexts.
== Persian Cinema ==
=== Historical Overview ===
Persian cinema has a long and storied history, dating back to the early 20th century. The first Iranian film, titled "Abi and Rabi," was produced in 1930 by Ovanes Ohanian, an Armenian-Iranian filmmaker. Since then, Iranian cinema has flourished, producing numerous critically acclaimed films that have garnered international recognition.
During the 1960s and 1970s, a new wave of Iranian cinema emerged, known as the Iranian New Wave. Filmmakers such as Abbas Kiarostami, Mohsen Makhmalbaf, and Jafar Panahi gained prominence for their innovative storytelling techniques and their exploration of social and political themes. Despite facing censorship and restrictions, these filmmakers managed to create powerful and thought-provoking films that resonated with both Iranian and international audiences.
In recent years, Iranian cinema has continued to thrive, with directors like Asghar Farhadi and Majid Majidi winning prestigious awards at international film festivals. These filmmakers have brought Iranian stories to the global stage, shedding light on the complexities of Iranian society and challenging stereotypes.
=== Prominent Figures in Persian Cinema ===
Iranian cinema has produced numerous talented directors, actors, and actresses who have made significant contributions to the industry. Let's take a look at some of the most prominent figures in Persian cinema:
- Abbas Kiarostami: Considered one of the greatest filmmakers of all time, Kiarostami is known for his poetic and philosophical films. His works, such as "Taste of Cherry" and "Close-Up," have won numerous awards and have had a profound impact on the world of cinema.
- Asghar Farhadi: Farhadi gained international acclaim with his film "A Separation," which won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 2012. His films often explore complex family dynamics and social issues in contemporary Iran.
- Shohreh Aghdashloo: Aghdashloo is a renowned Iranian actress who has appeared in both Iranian and Hollywood films. She gained widespread recognition for her role in the film "House of Sand and Fog" and has since continued to deliver powerful performances in both Iranian and international productions.
- Golshifteh Farahani: Farahani is an Iranian actress and musician who has garnered critical acclaim for her performances in films such as "About Elly" and "Paterson." She has also ventured into the international music scene, collaborating with artists from around the world.
=== Notable Films ===
Iranian cinema boasts a diverse range of films that have captivated audiences worldwide. Here are some notable films that have left a lasting impact:
- "A Separation" (2011): Directed by Asghar Farhadi, this critically acclaimed film delves into the complexities of a crumbling marriage and the societal pressures faced by a middle-class Iranian family.
- "Children of Heaven" (1997): Directed by Majid Majidi, this heartwarming film tells the story of a young boy who accidentally loses his sister's shoes and embarks on a journey to find them.
- "The Salesman" (2016): Also directed by Asghar Farhadi, this film explores themes of guilt, revenge, and forgiveness through the lens of a couple who are preparing for a performance of Arthur Miller's play "Death of a Salesman."
=== Cultural and Social Context ===
Persian cinema reflects the social and cultural contexts of Iran, providing a window into the lives of Iranians and the challenges they face. Iranian filmmakers often tackle sensitive topics and explore the complexities of Iranian society, shedding light on issues such as gender inequality, political repression, and the clash between traditional values and modern aspirations.


<div class="pg_page_title">Iranian Persian Culture →  → Lesson 17: Persian cinema and music</div>
The Iranian government exercises strict control over the content of films, resulting in censorship and restrictions on certain themes and narratives. However, Iranian filmmakers have managed to navigate these limitations and create powerful and thought-provoking films that resonate with audiences around the world.


__TOC__
== Persian Music ==


As a Persian language teacher, I cannot overstate the importance of cinema and music in Iranian culture. For a language learner, immersing oneself in the rich history and variety of Persian music and films is not only enjoyable, it also provides valuable insights into the social and cultural contexts of Iran. In this lesson, we will explore the most prominent figures and trends in Persian cinema and music.
=== Historical Overview ===


Persian music has a rich and vibrant history that spans thousands of years. It is deeply rooted in Persian culture and has evolved over time, incorporating influences from various regions and civilizations.


<span link>With the completion of this lesson, consider investigating these related pages: [[Language/Iranian-persian/Culture/Sizdahbedar|Sizdahbedar]] & [[Language/Iranian-persian/Culture/Iranian-calendar|Iranian calendar]].</span>
Ancient Persian music can be traced back to the Achaemenid Empire (550-330 BCE), where it played a significant role in religious and courtly settings. Persian classical music, known as "Radif," developed during the Safavid dynasty (1501-1736) and has since become the foundation of Persian musical traditions.
== Persian cinema ==


Persian cinema is a relatively new art form, having emerged in the early 20th century. However, it has quickly become one of the most important cultural exports of the Iranian society. Iran is the most prolific producer of films in the Middle East and a hub of creative and innovative filmmakers, who have been recognized internationally.
=== Genres of Persian Music ===


=== Early years ===
Persian music encompasses a wide range of genres, each with its own unique characteristics and cultural significance. Let's explore some of the most popular genres:


In the early years of the Iranian film industry, movies were mostly melodramatic and represented the popular Iranian culture of the time. Abbas Shabaviz, Esmail Koushan, and Fereydoun Gole were some of the most prominent figures of the era. During this period, Persian cinema became a tool of national identity and social engineering, as the pre-revolutionary Iran sought to modernize itself.
- Classical Persian Music: Also known as "Radif," classical Persian music is characterized by its complex melodic structures and improvisational nature. Instruments such as the tar, santur, and setar are commonly used in classical Persian music.


=== Pre-revolutionary period ===
- Persian Traditional Music: This genre includes regional folk music from different parts of Iran. Each region has its own distinct musical style, instruments, and dances. Persian traditional music reflects the cultural diversity of Iran and offers insights into local traditions and customs.


The era leading up to the 1979 revolution was marked by censorship and restrictions on artistic freedom. However, this period also saw the emergence of a new generation of filmmakers who began to challenge the status quo. Directors like Bahram Beyzai, Abbas Kiarostami, and Jafar Panahi became the pioneers of the Iranian New Wave, which was characterized by its subtlety, realism and social commentary. The cinema of the pre-revolutionary era reflected the most pressing issues of the society, such as poverty, corruption, and moral decay.
- Persian Pop Music: Pop music has gained popularity in Iran in recent decades, blending traditional Persian melodies with contemporary Western influences. Iranian pop singers, such as Googoosh and Ebi, have achieved international fame and have played a significant role in shaping the modern Iranian music scene.


=== Contemporary period ===
- Persian Rock Music: Rock music emerged in Iran in the 1960s and 1970s, with bands such as Kourosh Yaghmaei and Googoosh experimenting with Western rock sounds. Despite facing restrictions and censorship, Persian rock bands continue to push boundaries and express their artistic visions.


After the revolution, the Iranian cinema underwent a period of redefinition and profound transformation. Despite the challenges of censorship and funding limitations, filmmakers continued to produce impressive works that won them international recognition. Directors like Asghar Farhadi, Majid Majidi, and Samira Makhmalbaf are known for their poignant and humanistic portrayals of Iranian life, while exploring universal themes such as love, faith, and family.
=== Prominent Figures in Persian Music ===


One of the most striking features of Persian cinema is the profound appreciation of beauty and artistry. This approach is evident in the breathtaking cinematography and haunting music that complement the storytelling and character development. In recent years, Iranian movies have won numerous international awards and have become a respected part of the global cinematic landscape.
Persian music has produced many talented musicians and vocalists who have left a lasting impact on the industry. Here are some prominent figures in Persian music:


== Persian music ==
- Mohammad-Reza Shajarian: Shajarian is widely regarded as one of the greatest Iranian classical singers of all time. His powerful voice and masterful interpretation of Persian classical music have earned him numerous accolades and a dedicated fan base.


Persian music has a rich and complex history that spans several millennia. It is one of the oldest and most distinguished musical traditions in the world and has influenced a wide range of musical styles and genres.
- Googoosh: Googoosh is a beloved Iranian pop singer and actress who rose to fame in the 1970s. Despite facing a ban on performing in Iran, she continued to release music and has become an iconic figure in Persian pop culture.


=== Classical music ===
- Homayoun Shajarian: The son of Mohammad-Reza Shajarian, Homayoun Shajarian has followed in his father's footsteps and become an accomplished classical singer in his own right. He has collaborated with various musicians and has played a vital role in preserving and promoting Persian classical music.


The classical Persian music, also known as the Radif, is a system of melodic schemes and improvisational modes that has been passed on through generations of master musicians. Persian classical music is characterized by its unique microtonal system, complex rhythms, and intricate melodies. Some of the most celebrated classical musicians of Iran are Mohammad Reza Shajarian, Parviz Meshkatian, and Ali Akbar Khan.
=== Cultural and Social Context ===


=== Pop music ===
Persian music reflects the rich cultural heritage and traditions of Iran. It often serves as a means of expressing emotions, storytelling, and preserving historical narratives. Persian music encapsulates the joys and sorrows of everyday life, reflecting the diverse experiences of Iranians.


Since the 1950s, Persian pop music has undergone a series of changes and evolutions. It has incorporated elements of Western pop music and has been influenced by the contemporary social and cultural trends of Iran. Today, Persian pop music is a vibrant and diverse genre that reflects the aspirations, struggles, and dreams of Iranian youth. Some of the most popular pop singers in Iran are Googoosh, Ebi, and Mansour.
Throughout history, Persian music has been intertwined with Persian poetry, with many Persian classical music compositions drawing inspiration from renowned poets such as Rumi, Hafez, and Saadi. This fusion of music and poetry adds depth and beauty to Persian musical traditions.


=== Folk music ===
It is important to note that the Iranian government imposes certain restrictions on the content and performance of music, particularly in relation to lyrics and the mixing of musical styles. Despite these challenges, Persian musicians continue to create and innovate, finding ways to express themselves within the boundaries of cultural and social norms.


Persian folk music has a rich and varied expression, with a wide range of regional and local characteristics. Many of the folk songs and dances have their roots in the ancient traditions of Persia, and they are infused with vivid imagery and poetic language. Persian folk music is an important part of Iranian cultural identity and is cherished by people of all ages and backgrounds.
== Conclusion ==


In conclusion, Persian cinema and music reflect the rich and diverse heritage of Iranian culture. They provide an opportunity to explore the social, political, and economic realities of Iran, as well as the beauty and complexity of the Persian language. As a language learner, immersing oneself in Persian music and films is an excellent way to deepen one's understanding of the language and the people who speak it.
In this lesson, we have delved into the world of Persian cinema and music, exploring their historical, cultural, and social contexts. Persian cinema has produced remarkable films that have garnered international recognition, while Persian music, with its diverse genres and talented musicians, continues to captivate audiences worldwide. By gaining a deeper understanding of Persian cinema and music, you have taken another step towards becoming proficient in Iranian Persian and gaining insights into the rich cultural heritage of Iran.


== Sources ==
Remember to practice what you have learned in this lesson by watching Persian films and listening to Persian music. Immerse yourself in the artistic creations of Iranian filmmakers and musicians, and explore the diverse narratives and melodies that make Persian cinema and music truly unique.


* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinema_of_Iran Cinema of Iran]
Keep up the great work, and see you in the next lesson!
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_music Persian music]


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|keywords=Persian cinema and music, Iranian cinema, cinema in Iran, Persian classical music, Persian pop music, Persian folk music, master musicians, Persian language, Iran, Iranian culture
|keywords=Persian cinema, Persian music, Iranian cinema, Iranian music, Persian film, Persian movie, Persian classical music, Persian pop music, Persian rock music, Iranian filmmakers, Iranian musicians, Iranian actors, Iranian actresses
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|description=Learn about the most prominent figures and trends in Persian cinema and music, and their social and cultural contexts. Gain a deeper understanding of Persian cinema and music and their contributions to Iranian culture.
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==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Iranian-persian/Culture/Lesson-16:-Persian-poetry-and-classical-literature|Lesson 16: Persian poetry and classical literature]]
* [[Language/Iranian-persian/Culture/Lesson-16:-Persian-poetry-and-classical-literature|Lesson 16: Persian poetry and classical literature]]
* [[Language/Iranian-persian/Culture/Public-holidays-in-Iran|Public holidays in Iran]]
* [[Language/Iranian-persian/Culture/Public-holidays-in-Iran|Public holidays in Iran]]


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Revision as of 02:17, 17 June 2023

◀️ Lesson 16: Persian poetry and classical literature — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Lesson 18: Means of transportation ▶️

Persian-Language-PolyglotClub.png
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Iranian Persian → Culture → 0 to A1 Course → Unit 8: Persian literature and arts → Lesson 17: Persian cinema and music

Introduction

Welcome to Lesson 17 of the "Complete 0 to A1 Iranian Persian Course." In this lesson, we will explore the fascinating world of Persian cinema and music. Persian cinema has gained international recognition for its unique storytelling and artistic style, while Persian music, with its rich history and diverse genres, has captivated audiences for centuries. By the end of this lesson, you will have a deeper understanding of the most prominent figures and trends in Persian cinema and music, as well as their social and cultural contexts.

Persian Cinema

Historical Overview

Persian cinema has a long and storied history, dating back to the early 20th century. The first Iranian film, titled "Abi and Rabi," was produced in 1930 by Ovanes Ohanian, an Armenian-Iranian filmmaker. Since then, Iranian cinema has flourished, producing numerous critically acclaimed films that have garnered international recognition.

During the 1960s and 1970s, a new wave of Iranian cinema emerged, known as the Iranian New Wave. Filmmakers such as Abbas Kiarostami, Mohsen Makhmalbaf, and Jafar Panahi gained prominence for their innovative storytelling techniques and their exploration of social and political themes. Despite facing censorship and restrictions, these filmmakers managed to create powerful and thought-provoking films that resonated with both Iranian and international audiences.

In recent years, Iranian cinema has continued to thrive, with directors like Asghar Farhadi and Majid Majidi winning prestigious awards at international film festivals. These filmmakers have brought Iranian stories to the global stage, shedding light on the complexities of Iranian society and challenging stereotypes.

Prominent Figures in Persian Cinema

Iranian cinema has produced numerous talented directors, actors, and actresses who have made significant contributions to the industry. Let's take a look at some of the most prominent figures in Persian cinema:

- Abbas Kiarostami: Considered one of the greatest filmmakers of all time, Kiarostami is known for his poetic and philosophical films. His works, such as "Taste of Cherry" and "Close-Up," have won numerous awards and have had a profound impact on the world of cinema.

- Asghar Farhadi: Farhadi gained international acclaim with his film "A Separation," which won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 2012. His films often explore complex family dynamics and social issues in contemporary Iran.

- Shohreh Aghdashloo: Aghdashloo is a renowned Iranian actress who has appeared in both Iranian and Hollywood films. She gained widespread recognition for her role in the film "House of Sand and Fog" and has since continued to deliver powerful performances in both Iranian and international productions.

- Golshifteh Farahani: Farahani is an Iranian actress and musician who has garnered critical acclaim for her performances in films such as "About Elly" and "Paterson." She has also ventured into the international music scene, collaborating with artists from around the world.

Notable Films

Iranian cinema boasts a diverse range of films that have captivated audiences worldwide. Here are some notable films that have left a lasting impact:

- "A Separation" (2011): Directed by Asghar Farhadi, this critically acclaimed film delves into the complexities of a crumbling marriage and the societal pressures faced by a middle-class Iranian family.

- "Children of Heaven" (1997): Directed by Majid Majidi, this heartwarming film tells the story of a young boy who accidentally loses his sister's shoes and embarks on a journey to find them.

- "The Salesman" (2016): Also directed by Asghar Farhadi, this film explores themes of guilt, revenge, and forgiveness through the lens of a couple who are preparing for a performance of Arthur Miller's play "Death of a Salesman."

Cultural and Social Context

Persian cinema reflects the social and cultural contexts of Iran, providing a window into the lives of Iranians and the challenges they face. Iranian filmmakers often tackle sensitive topics and explore the complexities of Iranian society, shedding light on issues such as gender inequality, political repression, and the clash between traditional values and modern aspirations.

The Iranian government exercises strict control over the content of films, resulting in censorship and restrictions on certain themes and narratives. However, Iranian filmmakers have managed to navigate these limitations and create powerful and thought-provoking films that resonate with audiences around the world.

Persian Music

Historical Overview

Persian music has a rich and vibrant history that spans thousands of years. It is deeply rooted in Persian culture and has evolved over time, incorporating influences from various regions and civilizations.

Ancient Persian music can be traced back to the Achaemenid Empire (550-330 BCE), where it played a significant role in religious and courtly settings. Persian classical music, known as "Radif," developed during the Safavid dynasty (1501-1736) and has since become the foundation of Persian musical traditions.

Genres of Persian Music

Persian music encompasses a wide range of genres, each with its own unique characteristics and cultural significance. Let's explore some of the most popular genres:

- Classical Persian Music: Also known as "Radif," classical Persian music is characterized by its complex melodic structures and improvisational nature. Instruments such as the tar, santur, and setar are commonly used in classical Persian music.

- Persian Traditional Music: This genre includes regional folk music from different parts of Iran. Each region has its own distinct musical style, instruments, and dances. Persian traditional music reflects the cultural diversity of Iran and offers insights into local traditions and customs.

- Persian Pop Music: Pop music has gained popularity in Iran in recent decades, blending traditional Persian melodies with contemporary Western influences. Iranian pop singers, such as Googoosh and Ebi, have achieved international fame and have played a significant role in shaping the modern Iranian music scene.

- Persian Rock Music: Rock music emerged in Iran in the 1960s and 1970s, with bands such as Kourosh Yaghmaei and Googoosh experimenting with Western rock sounds. Despite facing restrictions and censorship, Persian rock bands continue to push boundaries and express their artistic visions.

Prominent Figures in Persian Music

Persian music has produced many talented musicians and vocalists who have left a lasting impact on the industry. Here are some prominent figures in Persian music:

- Mohammad-Reza Shajarian: Shajarian is widely regarded as one of the greatest Iranian classical singers of all time. His powerful voice and masterful interpretation of Persian classical music have earned him numerous accolades and a dedicated fan base.

- Googoosh: Googoosh is a beloved Iranian pop singer and actress who rose to fame in the 1970s. Despite facing a ban on performing in Iran, she continued to release music and has become an iconic figure in Persian pop culture.

- Homayoun Shajarian: The son of Mohammad-Reza Shajarian, Homayoun Shajarian has followed in his father's footsteps and become an accomplished classical singer in his own right. He has collaborated with various musicians and has played a vital role in preserving and promoting Persian classical music.

Cultural and Social Context

Persian music reflects the rich cultural heritage and traditions of Iran. It often serves as a means of expressing emotions, storytelling, and preserving historical narratives. Persian music encapsulates the joys and sorrows of everyday life, reflecting the diverse experiences of Iranians.

Throughout history, Persian music has been intertwined with Persian poetry, with many Persian classical music compositions drawing inspiration from renowned poets such as Rumi, Hafez, and Saadi. This fusion of music and poetry adds depth and beauty to Persian musical traditions.

It is important to note that the Iranian government imposes certain restrictions on the content and performance of music, particularly in relation to lyrics and the mixing of musical styles. Despite these challenges, Persian musicians continue to create and innovate, finding ways to express themselves within the boundaries of cultural and social norms.

Conclusion

In this lesson, we have delved into the world of Persian cinema and music, exploring their historical, cultural, and social contexts. Persian cinema has produced remarkable films that have garnered international recognition, while Persian music, with its diverse genres and talented musicians, continues to captivate audiences worldwide. By gaining a deeper understanding of Persian cinema and music, you have taken another step towards becoming proficient in Iranian Persian and gaining insights into the rich cultural heritage of Iran.

Remember to practice what you have learned in this lesson by watching Persian films and listening to Persian music. Immerse yourself in the artistic creations of Iranian filmmakers and musicians, and explore the diverse narratives and melodies that make Persian cinema and music truly unique.

Keep up the great work, and see you in the next lesson!

Table of Contents - Iranian Persian Course - 0 to A1


Unit 1: Basic greetings and introductions


Unit 2: Sentence structure and basic verb conjugation


Unit 3: Talking about daily routines


Unit 4: Object pronouns and possessive pronouns


Unit 5: Persian culture and customs


Unit 6: Food and drink


Unit 7: Past tense and regular verbs conjugation


Unit 8: Persian literature and arts


Unit 9: Travel and transportation


Unit 10: Imperative mood, infinitives and complex sentences


Unit 11: Persian history and geography


Unit 12: Leisure and entertainment



Other Lessons



◀️ Lesson 16: Persian poetry and classical literature — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Lesson 18: Means of transportation ▶️

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