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◀️ Lesson 21: Using infinitives — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Lesson 23: Persian civilization and ancient history ▶️

Iranian Persian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Lesson 22: Complex sentences and conjunctions

In the realm of language learning, understanding how to form complex sentences is akin to unlocking a treasure chest filled with expressive gems. Complex sentences allow us to convey more nuanced thoughts, connect ideas, and articulate relationships between different parts of our speech. In this lesson, we will dive into the fascinating world of complex sentences in Iranian Persian, focusing on subordinating conjunctions and punctuation. By the end of our journey, you'll be able to craft sentences that not only communicate facts but also express your thoughts and feelings more richly.

In this lesson, we’ll cover:

What are complex sentences?

The role of subordinating conjunctions

How to punctuate complex sentences in Persian

Examples to illustrate the concepts

Exercises to practice your new skills

What are Complex Sentences?[edit | edit source]

Complex sentences are sentences that contain one independent clause and at least one dependent (or subordinate) clause. An independent clause can stand alone as a complete sentence, while a dependent clause cannot. This structure allows for more elaborate expressions in our speech and writing.

For example:

Independent Clause: I love reading.

Dependent Clause: because it opens up new worlds.

When combined, they form a complex sentence:

Complex Sentence: I love reading because it opens up new worlds.

In Persian, complex sentences function similarly, adding depth to our communication. Let's look at how we can construct them using subordinating conjunctions.

Subordinating Conjunctions[edit | edit source]

Subordinating conjunctions are words that connect dependent clauses to independent clauses. They indicate the relationship between the two clauses, such as cause, time, condition, and contrast. In Persian, common subordinating conjunctions include:

زیرا (zira) - because

اگر (agar) - if

وقتی که (vaqti ke) - when

هرچند (har chand) - although

به شرطی که (be sharti ke) - provided that

Let’s break down some examples of complex sentences using these conjunctions.

Iranian Persian	Pronunciation	English
من کتاب می‌خوانم زیرا دوست دارم.	man ketâb mikhanam zira doost dâram.	I read books because I love them.
اگر باران بیافتد، نمی‌رویم.	agar bârân biyaftad, nemiravim.	If it rains, we won’t go.
وقتی که به خانه می‌رسم، غذا می‌خورم.	vaqti ke be khâne miresam, ghazâ mikhoram.	When I reach home, I eat food.
هرچند خسته‌ام، اما باید کار کنم.	har chand khaste-am, ammâ bâyad kâr konam.	Although I am tired, I must work.
به شرطی که بخوانی، می‌توانی امتحان بدهی.	be sharti ke bekhâni, mitavâni emtihân bedehi.	Provided that you study, you can take the exam.

As you can see, these conjunctions serve as bridges between ideas, allowing you to express more complex thoughts.

Punctuation in Complex Sentences[edit | edit source]

Punctuation plays a crucial role in clarifying the meaning of complex sentences. In Persian, we typically use a comma to separate the independent clause from the dependent clause when the dependent clause comes first. However, if the independent clause precedes the dependent clause, the comma is often omitted.

For example:

With a comma: زیرا باران می‌بارد، ما در خانه می‌مانیم. (Because it’s raining, we stay at home.)

Without a comma: ما در خانه می‌مانیم زیرا باران می‌بارد. (We stay at home because it’s raining.)

This distinction helps readers understand the flow of the sentence and its intended meaning.

More Examples of Complex Sentences[edit | edit source]

Let's explore a variety of complex sentences to solidify your understanding.

Iranian Persian	Pronunciation	English
چون او دیر آمد، ما شروع نکردیم.	chun u dir âmâd, mā shoru' nakardim.	Because he arrived late, we didn’t start.
اگر تو بخواهی، می‌توانیم برویم.	agar to bekhâhi, mitavânim beravim.	If you want, we can go.
وقتی که خورشید غروب می‌کند، آسمان رنگین می‌شود.	vaqti ke khorshid ghorub mikonad, âsmân rangin mishavad.	When the sun sets, the sky becomes colorful.
هرچند او مبتلاست، اما کارش را ادامه می‌دهد.	har chand u mobtalâst, ammâ kârash râ edâme midahad.	Although he is sick, he continues his work.
به شرطی که تمرین کنی، پیشرفت خواهی کرد.	be sharti ke tamrin koni, pishraft khâhi kard.	Provided that you practice, you will improve.
چون باران بارید، زمین خیس شد.	chun bârân bârid, zamin khis shod.	Because it rained, the ground got wet.
اگر او بیاید، خوشحال می‌شوم.	agar u biyâd, khoshhâl mishavam.	If he comes, I will be happy.
وقتی که تو بازی می‌کنی، من تماشا می‌کنم.	vaqti ke to bâzi mikoni, man tamâsha mikonam.	When you play, I watch.
هرچند او سردش است، اما بیرون می‌رود.	har chand u sardash ast, ammâ birun miravad.	Although he is cold, he goes outside.
به شرطی که کارهایت را انجام دهی، می‌توانی استراحت کنی.	be sharti ke kâr-hâyat râ anjâm dehi, mitavâni esteraahat koni.	Provided that you complete your tasks, you can rest.

These examples illustrate how subordinating conjunctions can enhance your sentences, making them more expressive and informative.

Exercises for Practice[edit | edit source]

Now that you’ve learned about complex sentences and subordinating conjunctions, let's put your knowledge to the test with some exercises.

Exercise 1: Identify the Conjunction[edit | edit source]

Read the following sentences and identify the subordinating conjunction used.

1. من می‌روم زیرا باران می‌بارد.

2. اگر تو بیایی، ما جشن می‌گیریم.

3. وقتی که تو سفر می‌کنی، من به تو فکر می‌کنم.

4. هرچند او خسته‌است، اما کارش را تمام می‌کند.

Answers:

1. زیرا

2. اگر

3. وقتی که

4. هرچند

Exercise 2: Form Complex Sentences[edit | edit source]

Use the given independent clauses to create complex sentences with the subordinating conjunction provided.

1. (من می‌خوابم) + زیرا

2. (او دیر می‌آید) + اگر

3. (ما در پارک هستیم) + وقتی که

4. (او خوشحال است) + هرچند

Sample Answers:

1. من می‌خوابم زیرا خسته هستم.

2. اگر او دیر بیاید، ما صبر می‌کنیم.

3. وقتی که ما در پارک هستیم، بچه‌ها بازی می‌کنند.

4. هرچند او خوشحال است، اما هنوز نگران است.

Exercise 3: Punctuation Practice[edit | edit source]

Add punctuation to the following sentences where necessary.

1. زیرا او خسته است ما به خانه می‌رویم.

2. ما به سینما می‌رویم اگر بلیت داشته باشیم.

3. وقتی که باران می‌بارد ما در خانه می‌مانیم.

Answers:

1. زیرا او خسته است، ما به خانه می‌رویم.

2. ما به سینما می‌رویم اگر بلیت داشته باشیم.

3. وقتی که باران می‌بارد، ما در خانه می‌مانیم.

Exercise 4: Translate the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the following complex sentences from English to Persian.

1. I will call you if I have time.

2. Although it is cold, we will go for a walk.

3. When the movie starts, we will find our seats.

Sample Answers:

1. اگر وقت داشته باشم، به تو زنگ می‌زنم.

2. هرچند سرد است، اما به پیاده‌روی می‌رویم.

3. وقتی فیلم شروع می‌شود، جاهای خود را پیدا می‌کنیم.

Exercise 5: Complete the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with appropriate subordinating conjunctions.

1. _____ تو بخوانی، می‌توانی امتحان را قبول شوی.

2. _____ او دیر کرد، ما منتظر ماندیم.

3. _____ باران ببارد، ما به پارک می‌رویم.

Answers:

1. به شرطی که

2. چون

3. اگر

Exercise 6: Create Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

Create three complex sentences using the following subordinating conjunctions:

1. زیرا

2. وقتی که

3. هرچند

Sample Answers may vary but should demonstrate understanding of the conjunctions.

Exercise 7: Match the Components[edit | edit source]

Match the independent clauses with the correct dependent clauses.

1. من کتاب می‌خوانم.

2. اگر تو بیایی،

3. وقتی که باران ببارد,

4. هرچند او خسته است,

A. ما جشن می‌گیریم.

B. ما در خانه می‌مانیم.

C. او کارش را انجام می‌دهد.

D. من خوشحال می‌شوم.

Answers:

1 - D, 2 - A, 3 - B, 4 - C

Exercise 8: Error Correction[edit | edit source]

Identify and correct the mistakes in the following sentences.

1. زیرا او گرسنه است ما غذا می‌خوریم.

2. اگر برویم، باران نمی‌بارد.

3. وقتی که او می‌خوابد، من کار می‌کنم.

Answers:

1. زیرا او گرسنه است، ما غذا می‌خوریم.

2. اگر برویم، باران نمی‌بارد. (Correct as is)

3. وقتی که او می‌خوابد، من کار می‌کنم. (Correct as is)

Exercise 9: Writing Practice[edit | edit source]

Write a short paragraph (3-5 sentences) using at least two complex sentences. Share your paragraph with a partner for feedback.

Sample Answers may vary.

Exercise 10: Group Discussion[edit | edit source]

In pairs, discuss your favorite activities and use complex sentences to describe why you enjoy them. For example, "I like swimming because it refreshes me."

Sample Answers may vary.

By engaging in these exercises, you will reinforce your understanding of complex sentences and their construction in Iranian Persian. Practice makes perfect, and soon you will be weaving complex thoughts into your conversations with ease!

In conclusion, complex sentences and the use of subordinating conjunctions are essential tools in your language arsenal. They will enable you to express more intricate ideas and connect your thoughts with clarity. Keep practicing, and don’t hesitate to get creative with your sentences. Happy learning!

Table of Contents - Iranian Persian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]

Course Presentation

Unit 1: Basic greetings and introductions

Unit 2: Sentence structure and basic verb conjugation

Unit 3: Talking about daily routines

Unit 4: Object pronouns and possessive pronouns

Unit 5: Persian culture and customs

Unit 6: Food and drink

Unit 7: Past tense and regular verbs conjugation

Unit 8: Persian literature and arts

Unit 9: Travel and transportation

Unit 10: Imperative mood, infinitives and complex sentences

Unit 11: Persian history and geography

Unit 12: Leisure and entertainment

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

◀️ Lesson 21: Using infinitives — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Lesson 23: Persian civilization and ancient history ▶️

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+<span pgnav>
+{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
+|[[Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/Lesson-21:-Using-infinitives|◀️ Lesson 21: Using infinitives — Previous Lesson]]
+|[[Language/Iranian-persian/Culture/Lesson-23:-Persian-civilization-and-ancient-history|Next Lesson — Lesson 23: Persian civilization and ancient history ▶️]]
+|}
+</span>
 {{Iranian-persian-Page-Top}}
+<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Iranian-persian|Iranian Persian]]  → [[Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Lesson 22: Complex sentences and conjunctions</div>
-<div class="pg_page_title">Iranian Persian Grammar → Unit 10: Imperative mood, infinitives and complex sentences → Lesson 22: Complex sentences and conjunctions</div>
+In the realm of language learning, understanding how to form complex sentences is akin to unlocking a treasure chest filled with expressive gems. Complex sentences allow us to convey more nuanced thoughts, connect ideas, and articulate relationships between different parts of our speech. In this lesson, we will dive into the fascinating world of complex sentences in Iranian Persian, focusing on subordinating conjunctions and punctuation. By the end of our journey, you'll be able to craft sentences that not only communicate facts but also express your thoughts and feelings more richly.
+In this lesson, we’ll cover:
+* What are complex sentences?
+* The role of subordinating conjunctions
+* How to punctuate complex sentences in Persian
+* Examples to illustrate the concepts
+* Exercises to practice your new skills
 __TOC__
-As we progress with our Farsi learning journey, we become more aware of the richness of the language. Persian is a language that can express ideas in such an eloquent way that even long sentences seem like a beautiful piece of art. In this lesson, we will learn how to form complex sentences in Persian using subordinating conjunctions and punctuation.
+=== What are Complex Sentences? ===
+Complex sentences are sentences that contain one independent clause and at least one dependent (or subordinate) clause. An independent clause can stand alone as a complete sentence, while a dependent clause cannot. This structure allows for more elaborate expressions in our speech and writing.
+For example:
+* '''Independent Clause''': I love reading.
+* '''Dependent Clause''': because it opens up new worlds.
+When combined, they form a complex sentence:
+* '''Complex Sentence''': I love reading because it opens up new worlds.
+In Persian, complex sentences function similarly, adding depth to our communication. Let's look at how we can construct them using subordinating conjunctions.
+=== Subordinating Conjunctions ===
+Subordinating conjunctions are words that connect dependent clauses to independent clauses. They indicate the relationship between the two clauses, such as cause, time, condition, and contrast. In Persian, common subordinating conjunctions include:
+* '''زیرا''' (zira) - because
+* '''اگر''' (agar) - if
+* '''وقتی که''' (vaqti ke) - when
+* '''هرچند''' (har chand) - although
+* '''به شرطی که''' (be sharti ke) - provided that
+Let’s break down some examples of complex sentences using these conjunctions.
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Iranian Persian !! Pronunciation !! English
+|-
+| من کتاب می‌خوانم زیرا دوست دارم. || man ketâb mikhanam zira doost dâram. || I read books because I love them.
+|-
+| اگر باران بیافتد، نمی‌رویم. || agar bârân biyaftad, nemiravim. || If it rains, we won’t go.
+|-
+| وقتی که به خانه می‌رسم، غذا می‌خورم. || vaqti ke be khâne miresam, ghazâ mikhoram. || When I reach home, I eat food.
+|-
+| هرچند خسته‌ام، اما باید کار کنم. || har chand khaste-am, ammâ bâyad kâr konam. || Although I am tired, I must work.
+|-
+| به شرطی که بخوانی، می‌توانی امتحان بدهی. || be sharti ke bekhâni, mitavâni emtihân bedehi. || Provided that you study, you can take the exam.
+|}
+As you can see, these conjunctions serve as bridges between ideas, allowing you to express more complex thoughts.
+=== Punctuation in Complex Sentences ===
+Punctuation plays a crucial role in clarifying the meaning of complex sentences. In Persian, we typically use a comma to separate the independent clause from the dependent clause when the dependent clause comes first. However, if the independent clause precedes the dependent clause, the comma is often omitted.
+For example:
+* '''With a comma''': زیرا باران می‌بارد، ما در خانه می‌مانیم. (Because it’s raining, we stay at home.)
+* '''Without a comma''': ما در خانه می‌مانیم زیرا باران می‌بارد. (We stay at home because it’s raining.)
+This distinction helps readers understand the flow of the sentence and its intended meaning.
+=== More Examples of Complex Sentences ===
+Let's explore a variety of complex sentences to solidify your understanding.
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Iranian Persian !! Pronunciation !! English
+|-
+| چون او دیر آمد، ما شروع نکردیم. || chun u dir âmâd, mā shoru' nakardim. || Because he arrived late, we didn’t start.
+|-
+| اگر تو بخواهی، می‌توانیم برویم. || agar to bekhâhi, mitavânim beravim. || If you want, we can go.
+|-
+| وقتی که خورشید غروب می‌کند، آسمان رنگین می‌شود. || vaqti ke khorshid ghorub mikonad, âsmân rangin mishavad. || When the sun sets, the sky becomes colorful.
+|-
+| هرچند او مبتلاست، اما کارش را ادامه می‌دهد. || har chand u mobtalâst, ammâ kârash râ edâme midahad. || Although he is sick, he continues his work.
+|-
+| به شرطی که تمرین کنی، پیشرفت خواهی کرد. || be sharti ke tamrin koni, pishraft khâhi kard. || Provided that you practice, you will improve.
+|-
+| چون باران بارید، زمین خیس شد. || chun bârân bârid, zamin khis shod. || Because it rained, the ground got wet.
+|-
+| اگر او بیاید، خوشحال می‌شوم. || agar u biyâd, khoshhâl mishavam. || If he comes, I will be happy.
+|-
+| وقتی که تو بازی می‌کنی، من تماشا می‌کنم. || vaqti ke to bâzi mikoni, man tamâsha mikonam. || When you play, I watch.
+|-
+| هرچند او سردش است، اما بیرون می‌رود. || har chand u sardash ast, ammâ birun miravad. || Although he is cold, he goes outside.
+|-
+| به شرطی که کارهایت را انجام دهی، می‌توانی استراحت کنی. || be sharti ke kâr-hâyat râ anjâm dehi, mitavâni esteraahat koni. || Provided that you complete your tasks, you can rest.
+|}
+These examples illustrate how subordinating conjunctions can enhance your sentences, making them more expressive and informative.
+=== Exercises for Practice ===
+Now that you’ve learned about complex sentences and subordinating conjunctions, let's put your knowledge to the test with some exercises.
+==== Exercise 1: Identify the Conjunction ====
+Read the following sentences and identify the subordinating conjunction used.
+. من می‌روم زیرا باران می‌بارد.
+. اگر تو بیایی، ما جشن می‌گیریم.
+. وقتی که تو سفر می‌کنی، من به تو فکر می‌کنم.
+. هرچند او خسته‌است، اما کارش را تمام می‌کند.
+''Answers:''
+. زیرا
+. اگر
+. وقتی که
+. هرچند
+==== Exercise 2: Form Complex Sentences ====
+Use the given independent clauses to create complex sentences with the subordinating conjunction provided.
+. (من می‌خوابم) + زیرا
+. (او دیر می‌آید) + اگر
+. (ما در پارک هستیم) + وقتی که
+. (او خوشحال است) + هرچند
+''Sample Answers:''
+. من می‌خوابم زیرا خسته هستم.
+. اگر او دیر بیاید، ما صبر می‌کنیم.
+. وقتی که ما در پارک هستیم، بچه‌ها بازی می‌کنند.
+. هرچند او خوشحال است، اما هنوز نگران است.
+==== Exercise 3: Punctuation Practice ====
+Add punctuation to the following sentences where necessary.
+. زیرا او خسته است ما به خانه می‌رویم.
+. ما به سینما می‌رویم اگر بلیت داشته باشیم.
+. وقتی که باران می‌بارد ما در خانه می‌مانیم.
+''Answers:''
+. زیرا او خسته است، ما به خانه می‌رویم.
-== Complex Sentences ==
+. ما به سینما می‌رویم اگر بلیت داشته باشیم.
-A complex sentence is made up of one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses. An independent clause has a subject and a predicate and can stand alone as a sentence, while a dependent clause gives more information, but cannot stand alone.
+. وقتی که باران می‌بارد، ما در خانه می‌مانیم.
-A dependent clause in Persian has its own subject and its own predicate, but it cannot express a complete thought on its own, and it depends on an independent clause to form a complete sentence.
+==== Exercise 4: Translate the Sentences ====
-Complex sentences are formed by using subordinating conjunctions such as "ke" (that), "agar" (if), "ta" (until), "chon" (because), or "mesle" (like/as). The combination of the independent and dependent clauses is unified using appropriate punctuation.
+Translate the following complex sentences from English to Persian.
-Let's look at some examples:
+. I will call you if I have time.
-=== Example 1: "ke" (that) ===
+. Although it is cold, we will go for a walk.
-* Independent clause: او می‌خواهد برای خود یک خانه بخرد. (u mixāhad barāye ḫod yak xāne bexarad.)
+. When the movie starts, we will find our seats.
-* Dependent clause: خانه‌ای که دارای حیاط بزرگی باشد. (xāne-i ke dārā-ye ḥiyāt-e bozorg-i bāšad.)
-* Complex sentence: او می‌خواهد برای خود خانه‌ای بخرد که دارای حیاط بزرگی باشد. (u mixāhad barāye ḫod xāne-i bexarad ke dārā-ye ḥiyāt-e bozorg-i bāšad.)
-* English translation: He wants to buy a house for himself that has a large yard.
-=== Example 2: "agar" (if) ===
+''Sample Answers:''
-* Independent clause: من به خانه برم. (man be xāne beram.)
+. اگر وقت داشته باشم، به تو زنگ می‌زنم.
-* Dependent clause: اگر باز با کارم به تعویض کردن قطعه برسونند. (agar bāz bā kāram be tavoiz kardan-e qateʿe beresvānand.)
-* Complex sentence: من به خانه می‌روم اگر باز به من قطعه کار بدهند. (man be xāne miravam agar bāz be man qâteʿe kār bedahand.)
-* English translation: I will go home if they give me a piece to work on.
-=== Example 3: "ta" (until) ===
+. هرچند سرد است، اما به پیاده‌روی می‌رویم.
-* Independent clause: او برای بچه‌هایش گرفتاری را با خود می‌کشد. (u barāye bačehā-ye-š gerftār-i rā bā ḫod mikošad.)
+. وقتی فیلم شروع می‌شود، جاهای خود را پیدا می‌کنیم.
-* Dependent clause: تا آموزش‌های لازم را به آن‌ها بدهد. (tā āmuzš-hâ-ye lāzem-rā be ānhâ bedahad.)
-* Complex sentence: او برای بچه‌هایش گرفتاری را با خود می‌کشد، تا آموزش‌های لازم را به آن‌ها بدهد. (u barāye bačehā-ye-š gerftār-i rā bā ḫod mikosad, tā āmuzš-hâ-ye lāzem-rā be ānhâ bedahad.)
-* English translation: He takes the hardship for his children until he gives them the necessary education.
-=== Example 4: "chon" (because) ===
+==== Exercise 5: Complete the Sentences ====
-* Independent clause: امروز خیلی خسته ام. (emruz ḫeyli ḫaste-am.)
+Fill in the blanks with appropriate subordinating conjunctions.
-* Dependent clause: چون کم خوابی داشتم. (čon kam ḫābi dāšt-am.)
-* Complex sentence: من امروز خیلی خسته ام چون کم خوابی داشتم. (man emruz ḫeyli ḫaste-am čon kam ḫābi dāšt-am.)
-* English translation: I'm very tired today because I had little sleep.
-=== Example 5: "mesle" (like/as) ===
+. _____ تو بخوانی، می‌توانی امتحان را قبول شوی.
-* Independent clause: فلانی سال‌هاست به دنبال کار خوب دنبال می‌کند. (felāni sāl-hāst be donbāl-e kār-e ḫub donbāl mikonad.)
+. _____ او دیر کرد، ما منتظر ماندیم.
-* Dependent clause: مثل بقیه هموطنانش. (mesle baqi-ye ham-vatān-ān-e-š.)
-* Complex sentence: فلانی سال‌هاست به دنبال کار خوب دنبال می‌کند مثل بقیه هموطنانش. (felāni sāl-hāst be donbāl-e kār-e ḫub donbāl mikonad mesle baqi-ye ham-vatān-ān-e-š.)
-* English translation: For years, Falani has been searching for a good job like the rest of his fellow countrymen.
-== Subordinating Conjunctions ==
+. _____ باران ببارد، ما به پارک می‌رویم.
-Subordinating conjunctions make complex sentences by connecting the independent and dependent clauses. Here are some of the most commonly used ones:
+''Answers:''
-* که (ke)- that
+. به شرطی که
-* با این که (bā in ke)- although, despite
-* تا (tā) - until
-* زمانی که (zamāni ke) - when
-* اگر (agar) - if
-* به شرطی که (be šarte ke) - on condition that
-* مگر این که (mègar-in ke) - unless
-* چون (čon) - because
-It is important to note that the dependent clause always comes after the independent clause.
+. چون
-== Punctuation Marks ==
+. اگر
-Since a dependent clause adds information to an independent clause, it is usually separated by punctuation marks to make it clear that it does not form a complete sentence.
+==== Exercise 6: Create Your Own Sentences ====
-Two punctuation marks are used in Farsi to connect dependent and independent clauses:
+Create three complex sentences using the following subordinating conjunctions:
-* فاصله (fāselah): a comma is used to separate two clauses if the dependent clause comes before the independent clause in a complex sentence.
+. زیرا
-Example: امروز به مدرسه نرفتم، چون خیلی سرما بود. (Emruz be madrese naraftam, čon ḫeyli sarma bud.) Today I didn't go to school because it was very cold.
+. وقتی که
-* نقطه ویرگول (noghteh virgul): a semicolon is used instead of a period to unite two independent clauses into one sentence, separated by a semicolon.
+. هرچند
-Example: او به همه کمک می‌کرد؛ او را کسی نشناخت. (U be hame komak mikard; u rā kas-i našnāxt.) He helped everyone; nobody recognized him.
+''Sample Answers may vary but should demonstrate understanding of the conjunctions.''
-== Practice ==
+==== Exercise 7: Match the Components ====
-Now let's practice what we learned. Complete the following compound sentence (using "ke") based on the information given.
+Match the independent clauses with the correct dependent clauses.
-. درست است که فیلیپ تلفنی با من صحبت کرد.
+. من کتاب می‌خوانم.
-- Answer: درست است که فیلیپ تلفنی با من صحبت کرد که به من تبریک گفت.
+. اگر تو بیایی،
-. اگر به آمریکا سفر کنم، ... .
+. وقتی که باران ببارد,
-- Answer: اگر به آمریکا سفر کنم، همه دوستام رو ملاقات می‌کنم.
+. هرچند او خسته است,
-. اینقدر زود به خانه می‌روی که ... .
+A. ما جشن می‌گیریم.
-- Answer: اینقدر زود به خانه می‌روی که هیچ وقت ماشین‌ها ترافیک را رقم نمی‌زنند.
+B. ما در خانه می‌مانیم.
-== Sources ==
+C. او کارش را انجام می‌دهد.
-* [https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%
-{{Iranian-persian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
+D. من خوشحال می‌شوم.
+''Answers:''
+- D, 2 - A, 3 - B, 4 - C
+==== Exercise 8: Error Correction ====
+Identify and correct the mistakes in the following sentences.
+. زیرا او گرسنه است ما غذا می‌خوریم.
+. اگر برویم، باران نمی‌بارد.
+. وقتی که او می‌خوابد، من کار می‌کنم.
+''Answers:''
+. زیرا او گرسنه است، ما غذا می‌خوریم.
+. اگر برویم، باران نمی‌بارد. (Correct as is)
+. وقتی که او می‌خوابد، من کار می‌کنم. (Correct as is)
+==== Exercise 9: Writing Practice ====
+Write a short paragraph (3-5 sentences) using at least two complex sentences. Share your paragraph with a partner for feedback.
+''Sample Answers may vary.''
+==== Exercise 10: Group Discussion ====
+In pairs, discuss your favorite activities and use complex sentences to describe why you enjoy them. For example, "I like swimming because it refreshes me."
+''Sample Answers may vary.''
+By engaging in these exercises, you will reinforce your understanding of complex sentences and their construction in Iranian Persian. Practice makes perfect, and soon you will be weaving complex thoughts into your conversations with ease!
+In conclusion, complex sentences and the use of subordinating conjunctions are essential tools in your language arsenal. They will enable you to express more intricate ideas and connect your thoughts with clarity. Keep practicing, and don’t hesitate to get creative with your sentences. Happy learning!
+{{#seo:
+|title=Learn Complex Sentences in Iranian Persian
+|keywords=Iranian Persian, complex sentences, subordinating conjunctions, Persian grammar, language learning
+|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form complex sentences in Iranian Persian using subordinating conjunctions and punctuation. Enhance your language skills today!
+}}
+{{Template:Iranian-persian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
 [[Category:Course]]
@@ Line 107: / Line 339: @@
 [[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
 [[Category:Iranian-persian-0-to-A1-Course]]
+<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
+==Other Lessons==
+* [[Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
+* [[Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/Prepositions|Prepositions]]
+* [[Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/Comaratives-and-Superlatives|Comaratives and Superlatives]]
+* [[Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
+* [[Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
+* [[Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
+* [[Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/How-to-Use-be|How to Use be]]
+* [[Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/Lesson-5:-Present-tense-conjugation-of-regular-verbs|Lesson 5: Present tense conjugation of regular verbs]]
+* [[Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/Common-Mistakes|Common Mistakes]]
+* [[Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/Feasible|Feasible]]
 {{Iranian-persian-Page-Bottom}}
+<span pgnav>
+{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
+|[[Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/Lesson-21:-Using-infinitives|◀️ Lesson 21: Using infinitives — Previous Lesson]]
+|[[Language/Iranian-persian/Culture/Lesson-23:-Persian-civilization-and-ancient-history|Next Lesson — Lesson 23: Persian civilization and ancient history ▶️]]
+|}
+</span>

Difference between revisions of "Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/Lesson-22:-Complex-sentences-and-conjunctions"

Latest revision as of 16:59, 31 July 2024

What are Complex Sentences?[edit | edit source]

Subordinating Conjunctions[edit | edit source]

Punctuation in Complex Sentences[edit | edit source]

More Examples of Complex Sentences[edit | edit source]

Exercises for Practice[edit | edit source]

Exercise 1: Identify the Conjunction[edit | edit source]

Exercise 2: Form Complex Sentences[edit | edit source]

Exercise 3: Punctuation Practice[edit | edit source]

Exercise 4: Translate the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Exercise 5: Complete the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Exercise 6: Create Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

Exercise 7: Match the Components[edit | edit source]

Exercise 8: Error Correction[edit | edit source]

Exercise 9: Writing Practice[edit | edit source]

Exercise 10: Group Discussion[edit | edit source]

Table of Contents - Iranian Persian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

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