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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Polish|Polish]]  → [[Language/Polish/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Polish/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Adjective Agreement</div>
Welcome to the fascinating world of Polish grammar! In this lesson, we will explore '''Adjective Agreement'''—a key aspect of the Polish language that ensures your sentences are not only grammatically correct but also sound natural. Adjective agreement is crucial because, in Polish, adjectives must match the nouns they describe in '''gender''', '''number''', and '''case'''. This may sound complex at first, but don't worry! By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of how to use adjectives correctly in Polish.
Here’s what we’ll cover in this lesson:
* '''Understanding Gender''': Identifying masculine, feminine, and neuter nouns.
* '''Number Agreement''': Singular vs. plural forms.
* '''Case Agreement''': How adjectives change depending on their grammatical role in a sentence.
* '''Examples''': A plethora of examples to illustrate each point.


<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Polish|Polish]]  → [[Language/Polish/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Polish/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Adjectives and Adverbs → Adjective Agreement</div>
* '''Practice Exercises''': Hands-on activities to reinforce your learning.


__TOC__
__TOC__


As you continue your journey to learn Polish, you will come across adjectives, which are words that describe nouns. Adjectives are an essential part of the Polish language and can help you express yourself more effectively. In this lesson, we will explore how to use adjectives correctly, focusing specifically on adjective agreement in Polish.
=== Understanding Gender ===
 
In Polish, nouns have three grammatical genders: '''masculine''', '''feminine''', and '''neuter'''. Adjectives must match the gender of the nouns they modify. Let’s break it down:


Adjective agreement refers to the way a Polish adjective changes according to the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case. This means that adjectives have to agree with the gender of the noun, the number of the noun, and the case the noun is in. So let's dive into the rules of adjective agreement in Polish and learn how to use adjectives correctly.
* '''Masculine''': Usually refers to male beings or nouns that end with a consonant.


== Gender Agreement ==
* '''Feminine''': Typically refers to female beings or nouns that end with the letter '''a'''.


Unlike in English, Polish nouns have grammatical gender. There are three genders in Polish: masculine, feminine, and neuter. Adjectives must agree in gender with the noun they describe. Let's have a look at some examples to understand how to make adjectives agree with nouns in gender:
* '''Neuter''': Usually refers to objects or concepts, often ending with '''o''' or '''e'''.
 
Here is a simple table to illustrate the gender of nouns and their corresponding adjectives:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Polish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
! Gender !! Example Noun (Polish) !! Example Adjective (Polish) !! English Translation
 
|-
|-
| duż-y "duż" !! /dooʐɨ/ !! big (masculine)
 
| Masculine || chłopiec || ładny || boy - nice
 
|-
|-
| ma-ł-y "may" || /mah-wɨ/ || small (masculine)
|-
| duż-a "duż" || /dooʐa/ || big (feminine)
|-
| ma-ł-a "may" || /mah-wa/ || small (feminine)
|-
| duż-e "duże" || /dooʐɛ/ || big (neuter)
|-
| ma-ł-e "mah-we" || /ma-wɛ/ || small (neuter)
|}


As you can see from the table, adjectives that describe masculine nouns end in "-y" in their basic form, while adjectives that describe feminine nouns end in "-a" in their basic form. For neuter nouns, the adjectives end in "-e".
| Feminine || dziewczyna || ładna || girl - nice


To make an adjective agree with the noun in gender, we need to use the appropriate ending. Here is an example:
|-


* duż-y dom – (a) big house (masculine)
| Neuter || dziecko || ładne || child - nice
* duż-a książka – (a) big book (feminine)
* duż-e dziecko – (a) big child (neuter)


It is important to pay attention to the gender of a noun when choosing the correct form of an adjective.
|}


== Number Agreement ==
Next, let’s consider how adjectives change with different genders. Below are examples that demonstrate this agreement:


In Polish, nouns can be either singular or plural, and adjectives must agree with the noun they describe in number. Here are some examples of how to make adjectives agree with nouns in number:
{| class="wikitable"


{| class="wikitable"
! Polish !! Pronunciation !! English
! Polish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| mądr-y "monder" !! /mɔndɛr/ !! wise (singular)
 
| ładny chłopiec || ˈwad.nɨ ˈxwɔ.pʲɛʦ || nice boy
 
|-
|-
| mądr-zy "manjer-zih" || /mɔndɛrzɨ/ || wise (plural)
 
|-
| ładna dziewczyna || ˈwad.na d͡ʐɛ.vʲɨ.na || nice girl
| wie-ksz-a "viexza" || /vjɛksza/ || bigger (feminine, singular)
 
|-
|-
| wie-ksz-e "viexzeh" || /vjɛkszɛ/ || bigger (neuter, singular)
 
|-
| ładne dziecko || ˈwad.nɛ ˈd͡ʐɛ.t͡s.kɔ || nice child
| wie-ksz-e "viexzeh" || /vjɛkszɛ/ || bigger (plural)
 
|-
| wie-ksz-ych "viexzih" || /vjɛkszɨx/ || bigger (plural)
|}
|}


As you can see from the table, adjectives that describe singular nouns end in "-y" or "-a" or "-e" depending on the gender. When the noun is plural, the adjective form ends in "-i" or "-e".
=== Number Agreement ===


Here is an example:
In Polish, adjectives also need to agree with nouns in number—singular or plural. This means that the form of the adjective changes depending on whether you are referring to one item or multiple items.


* mądr-y człowiek – wise person (singular)
Here’s how adjectives change when describing singular vs. plural nouns:
* mądr-zy ludzie – wise people (plural)


== Case Agreement ==
* '''Singular''': Adjectives typically end in '''-y''' or '''-a'''.


The third aspect of adjective agreement in Polish is case. Polish has seven cases, and each case requires a different form of the adjective. Here are the seven cases and their corresponding forms of the adjective:
* '''Plural''': The endings change to '''-e''' or '''-i''' for masculine nouns, while feminine and neuter nouns typically take an '''-e''' ending.
 
Let’s look at a few examples:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Polish Case !! Adjective Form
 
! Polish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| Nominative || -y/-a/-e (masculine/feminine/neuter)
 
| ładny chłopiec || ˈwad.nɨ ˈxwɔ.pʲɛʦ || nice boy (singular)
 
|-
|-
| Genitive || -ego/-ej/-ego (masculine/feminine/neuter)
 
|-
| ładni chłopcy || ˈwad.ni ˈxwɔ.pʲt͡sɨ || nice boys (plural)
| Dative || -emu/-ej/-emu (masculine/feminine/neuter)
 
|-
|-
| Accusative || -ego/-ą/-e (masculine/feminine/neuter)
 
|-
| ładna dziewczyna || ˈwad.na d͡ʐɛ.vʲɨ.na || nice girl (singular)
| Instrumental || -ym/-ą/-ym (masculine/feminine/neuter)
 
|-
|-
| Locative || -ym/-ej/-ym (masculine/feminine/neuter)
 
| ładne dziewczyny || ˈwad.nɛ d͡ʐɛ.vʲɨ.nɨ || nice girls (plural)
 
|-
|-
| Vocative || -y/-a/-e (masculine/feminine/neuter)
 
| ładne dziecko || ˈwad.nɛ ˈd͡ʐɛ.t͡s.kɔ || nice child (singular)
 
|-
 
| ładne dzieci || ˈwad.nɛ ˈd͡ʐɛ.t͡ɕ.i || nice children (plural)
 
|}
|}


When an adjective modifies a noun, it can be in any of these seven cases. Here are some common examples:
=== Case Agreement ===
 
Polish is a case-oriented language, meaning nouns and adjectives change form depending on their grammatical role in a sentence. The main cases we'll focus on are '''nominative''', '''accusative''', and '''genitive'''.
 
1. '''Nominative''': Used for the subject of the sentence.
 
2. '''Accusative''': Used for the direct object of the sentence.
 
3. '''Genitive''': Often used to indicate possession.
 
Let’s see how adjectives change in these cases:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Polish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
! Case !! Masculine (Polish) !! Feminine (Polish) !! Neuter (Polish) !! English
 
|-
|-
| polski "pole-ski" !! /ˈpɔlskʲi/ !! Polish (masculine, nominative)
 
| Nominative || ładny || ładna || ładne || nice
 
|-
|-
| młoda "mwoda" || /ˈmwɔda/ || young (feminine, nominative)
 
|-
| Accusative || ładnego || ładną || ładne || nice
| nowe "nov-eh" || /ˈnɔvɛ/ || new (neuter, nominative)
 
|-
|-
| czerwony "tzer-voh-ny" || /tʂɛrˈvɔnɨ/ || red (masculine, accusative)
 
|-
| Genitive || ładnego || ładnej || ładnego || nice
| jasne "yas-neh" || /ˈjasnɛ/ || bright (neuter, accusative)
 
|-
| ogromna "o-grome-nah" || /ɔˈɡrɔmna/ || huge (feminine, locative)
|}
|}


Adjective agreement in case can be tricky, so it's important to practice with different examples to get the hang of it.
Here’s how these adjectives might appear in sentences:
 
* '''Nominative''': '''Ładny chłopiec''' idzie do szkoły. (The nice boy is going to school.)
 
* '''Accusative''': Widzę '''ładnego chłopca'''. (I see the nice boy.)
 
* '''Genitive''': Szkoła '''ładnego chłopca''' jest blisko. (The nice boy's school is nearby.)
 
=== Summary ===
 
To summarize, understanding adjective agreement in Polish involves knowing:
 
* The '''gender''' of nouns (masculine, feminine, neuter).
 
* The '''number''' (singular, plural).
 
* The '''case''' (nominative, accusative, genitive).
 
This agreement is essential for constructing grammatically correct sentences.
 
== Practice Exercises ==
 
To solidify your understanding of adjective agreement, let's dive into some practice exercises!
 
=== Exercise 1: Identify the Gender ===
 
Provide the correct gender for each noun listed below.
 
1. '''stół''' (table)
 
2. '''książka''' (book)
 
3. '''okno''' (window)
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. '''stół''' - Masculine
 
2. '''książka''' - Feminine


== Exceptions ==
3. '''okno''' - Neuter


As with any rule, there are exceptions to adjective agreement in Polish. Sometimes, an adjective won't take the expected ending because of irregularities in the spelling. Here are some common exceptions:
=== Exercise 2: Fill in the Blanks ===


{| class="wikitable"
Complete the sentences with the appropriate form of the adjective "ładny" (nice) based on the noun.
! Polish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
1. To jest __________ (chłopiec).
| dob-r-y "dobri" !! /ˈdɔ.brɨ/ !! good (masculine)
 
|-
2. To jest __________ (dziewczyna).
| zły "zwi" || /zwɨ/ || bad (masculine)
 
|-
3. To są __________ (dzieci).
| ma-ły "may-wih" || /ma.wɨ/ || small (masculine)
 
|}
''Solutions:''
 
1. ładny chłopiec
 
2. ładna dziewczyna
 
3. ładne dzieci
 
=== Exercise 3: Match the Gender ===
 
Match the nouns with their corresponding adjectives.
 
1. '''mężczyzna''' (man)
 
2. '''kobieta''' (woman)
 
3. '''auto''' (car)
 
a. ładna 
 
b. ładne 
 
c. ładny 
 
''Solutions:''
 
1 - c. ładny 
 
2 - a. ładna 
 
3 - b. ładne 
 
=== Exercise 4: Choose the Right Form ===
 
Select the correct form of the adjective based on the case.
 
1. Widzę __________ (ładny) chłopiec. (Accusative)
 
2. Szkoła __________ (ładny) chłopca jest blisko. (Genitive)
 
3. To jest __________ (ładny) dom. (Nominative)
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. ładnego 
 
2. ładnego 
 
3. ładny 
 
=== Exercise 5: Translate the Sentences ===
 
Translate the following sentences into Polish.
 
1. The nice girl is reading a book.
 
2. I see the nice children.
 
3. The nice man's car is red.
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Ładna dziewczyna czyta książkę.
 
2. Widzę ładne dzieci.
 
3. Samochód ładnego mężczyzny jest czerwony.
 
=== Exercise 6: Rewrite the Sentences ===
 
Rewrite the following sentences by changing the adjectives to the correct form based on the nouns.
 
1. The nice boy (singular) is happy.
 
2. The nice girls (plural) are playing.
 
3. I have two nice cars (plural).
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Ładny chłopiec jest szczęśliwy.
 
2. Ładne dziewczyny bawią się.
 
3. Mam dwa ładne samochody.
 
=== Exercise 7: Create Your Own Sentences ===
 
Write sentences using the following nouns and the correct form of "ładny":
 
1. '''mężczyzna''' (man)
 
2. '''dziewczyna''' (girl)
 
3. '''okno''' (window)
 
''Sample Solutions:''
 
1. Ładny mężczyzna idzie do sklepu.
 
2. Ładna dziewczyna jest w parku.
 
3. Ładne okno jest otwarte.
 
=== Exercise 8: Identify Errors ===
 
Identify and correct the errors in the following sentences.
 
1. Ładna chłopiec idzie do szkoły.
 
2. Widzisz ładne dziewczynę.
 
3. Samochód ładna mężczyzny jest niebieski.
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Ładny chłopiec idzie do szkoły.
 
2. Widzisz ładną dziewczynę.
 
3. Samochód ładnego mężczyzny jest niebieski.
 
=== Exercise 9: Gender and Number Practice ===
 
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the adjective based on gender and number.
 
1. To są __________ (ładny) psy. (dogs)
 
2. To jest __________ (ładny) kot. (cat)
 
3. To są __________ (ładny) kobiety. (women)
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. ładne
 
2. ładny
 
3. ładne


As you can see from the table, some adjectives ending in "-y" in the masculine form will change the spelling of the ending when cases are added. For example, "dobry" becomes "dobrego" in the genitive case, and "zły" becomes "źle" in the adverbial form. Similarly, some adjectives ending in "-ły" in the masculine form will change the spelling of the ending when cases are added. For example, "mały" becomes "małego" in the genitive case.
=== Exercise 10: Create a Dialogue ===


It's important to learn these exceptions because they don't follow the regular pattern of adjective agreement in Polish.
Using the vocabulary and structures learned, create a short dialogue between two people discussing their favorite things, including at least three adjectives.


== Summary ==
''Sample Dialogue:''


Adjective agreement is an essential part of the Polish language. By understanding how to make adjectives agree with nouns in gender, number, and case, you can avoid common mistakes in your writing and speaking. Remember that the rules for adjective agreement can be tricky, but with practice, you'll get the hang of it.
A: Cześć! Jaki masz ładny samochód! 


Here are some tips to help you remember the rules for adjective agreement:
B: Dziękuję! A ty masz piękną dziewczynę! 


* Pay attention to the gender, number, and case of the noun you are describing.
A: Tak, ona jest bardzo miła.
* Learn the various forms of the adjective for each gender, number, and case.
* Memorize the exceptions to the regular patterns of adjective agreement.


By following these tips and practicing regularly, you'll be able to master the rules of adjective agreement in Polish.
Congratulations! You have now completed the lesson on Adjective Agreement in Polish. Remember to practice these concepts regularly to gain confidence in your Polish speaking and writing. Keep up the great work!


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Polish Grammar: Adjectives and Adverbs - Adjective Agreement
|keywords=Polish grammar, Adjective agreement in Polish, Adjectives agreement with Polish nouns, Agreement of adjectives in Polish, Polish course for beginners
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about adjective agreement in Polish, including how adjectives must agree with nouns in gender, number, and case.
}}


{{Polish-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
|title=Polish Grammar: Understanding Adjective Agreement
 
|keywords=Polish adjectives, adjective agreement, Polish grammar, learning Polish, A1 Polish course
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about adjective agreement in Polish, including how adjectives must agree with nouns in gender, number, and case.}}
 
{{Template:Polish-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}


[[Category:Course]]
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[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Polish-0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Polish-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo></span> <span temperature=1></span>
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==Videos==
==Videos==
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===Polish Adjectives (basics) - Easy Polish - YouTube===
===Polish Adjectives (basics) - Easy Polish - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b0mKOpOtuCg</youtube>
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b0mKOpOtuCg</youtube>
==Sources==
* [https://www.clozemaster.com/blog/polish-adjectives/ Understanding Polish Adjectives]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_grammar Polish grammar - Wikipedia]
* [https://www.polishpod101.com/lesson/learn-polish-in-three-minutes-16-using-polish-adjectives/ Using Polish Adjectives - PolishPod101]
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Polish/Grammar/mieć-to-have|mieć to have]]
* [[Language/Polish/Grammar/Definite-Articles-in-Polish|Definite Articles in Polish]]
* [[Language/Polish/Grammar/Perfective-and-imperfective-verbs|Perfective and imperfective verbs]]
* [[Language/Polish/Grammar/Basic-Sentence-Structure|Basic Sentence Structure]]
* [[Language/Polish/Grammar/Indefinite-Articles-in-Polish|Indefinite Articles in Polish]]
* [[Language/Polish/Grammar/Polish-Alphabet|Polish Alphabet]]
* [[Language/Polish/Grammar/być-to-be|być to be]]
* [[Language/Polish/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
* [[Language/Polish/Grammar/Future-and-Conditional-Tenses|Future and Conditional Tenses]]
* [[Language/Polish/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]


{{Polish-Page-Bottom}}
{{Polish-Page-Bottom}}
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Polish/Vocabulary/Relationship-Status|◀️ Relationship Status — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Polish/Grammar/Comparative-and-Superlative|Next Lesson — Comparative and Superlative ▶️]]
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Latest revision as of 22:33, 1 August 2024

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Poland-Timeline-PolyglotClub.png
Polish → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Adjective Agreement

Welcome to the fascinating world of Polish grammar! In this lesson, we will explore Adjective Agreement—a key aspect of the Polish language that ensures your sentences are not only grammatically correct but also sound natural. Adjective agreement is crucial because, in Polish, adjectives must match the nouns they describe in gender, number, and case. This may sound complex at first, but don't worry! By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of how to use adjectives correctly in Polish.

Here’s what we’ll cover in this lesson:

  • Understanding Gender: Identifying masculine, feminine, and neuter nouns.
  • Number Agreement: Singular vs. plural forms.
  • Case Agreement: How adjectives change depending on their grammatical role in a sentence.
  • Examples: A plethora of examples to illustrate each point.
  • Practice Exercises: Hands-on activities to reinforce your learning.

Understanding Gender[edit | edit source]

In Polish, nouns have three grammatical genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. Adjectives must match the gender of the nouns they modify. Let’s break it down:

  • Masculine: Usually refers to male beings or nouns that end with a consonant.
  • Feminine: Typically refers to female beings or nouns that end with the letter a.
  • Neuter: Usually refers to objects or concepts, often ending with o or e.

Here is a simple table to illustrate the gender of nouns and their corresponding adjectives:

Gender Example Noun (Polish) Example Adjective (Polish) English Translation
Masculine chłopiec ładny boy - nice
Feminine dziewczyna ładna girl - nice
Neuter dziecko ładne child - nice

Next, let’s consider how adjectives change with different genders. Below are examples that demonstrate this agreement:

Polish Pronunciation English
ładny chłopiec ˈwad.nɨ ˈxwɔ.pʲɛʦ nice boy
ładna dziewczyna ˈwad.na d͡ʐɛ.vʲɨ.na nice girl
ładne dziecko ˈwad.nɛ ˈd͡ʐɛ.t͡s.kɔ nice child

Number Agreement[edit | edit source]

In Polish, adjectives also need to agree with nouns in number—singular or plural. This means that the form of the adjective changes depending on whether you are referring to one item or multiple items.

Here’s how adjectives change when describing singular vs. plural nouns:

  • Singular: Adjectives typically end in -y or -a.
  • Plural: The endings change to -e or -i for masculine nouns, while feminine and neuter nouns typically take an -e ending.

Let’s look at a few examples:

Polish Pronunciation English
ładny chłopiec ˈwad.nɨ ˈxwɔ.pʲɛʦ nice boy (singular)
ładni chłopcy ˈwad.ni ˈxwɔ.pʲt͡sɨ nice boys (plural)
ładna dziewczyna ˈwad.na d͡ʐɛ.vʲɨ.na nice girl (singular)
ładne dziewczyny ˈwad.nɛ d͡ʐɛ.vʲɨ.nɨ nice girls (plural)
ładne dziecko ˈwad.nɛ ˈd͡ʐɛ.t͡s.kɔ nice child (singular)
ładne dzieci ˈwad.nɛ ˈd͡ʐɛ.t͡ɕ.i nice children (plural)

Case Agreement[edit | edit source]

Polish is a case-oriented language, meaning nouns and adjectives change form depending on their grammatical role in a sentence. The main cases we'll focus on are nominative, accusative, and genitive.

1. Nominative: Used for the subject of the sentence.

2. Accusative: Used for the direct object of the sentence.

3. Genitive: Often used to indicate possession.

Let’s see how adjectives change in these cases:

Case Masculine (Polish) Feminine (Polish) Neuter (Polish) English
Nominative ładny ładna ładne nice
Accusative ładnego ładną ładne nice
Genitive ładnego ładnej ładnego nice

Here’s how these adjectives might appear in sentences:

  • Nominative: Ładny chłopiec idzie do szkoły. (The nice boy is going to school.)
  • Accusative: Widzę ładnego chłopca. (I see the nice boy.)
  • Genitive: Szkoła ładnego chłopca jest blisko. (The nice boy's school is nearby.)

Summary[edit | edit source]

To summarize, understanding adjective agreement in Polish involves knowing:

  • The gender of nouns (masculine, feminine, neuter).
  • The number (singular, plural).
  • The case (nominative, accusative, genitive).

This agreement is essential for constructing grammatically correct sentences.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

To solidify your understanding of adjective agreement, let's dive into some practice exercises!

Exercise 1: Identify the Gender[edit | edit source]

Provide the correct gender for each noun listed below.

1. stół (table)

2. książka (book)

3. okno (window)

Solutions:

1. stół - Masculine

2. książka - Feminine

3. okno - Neuter

Exercise 2: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences with the appropriate form of the adjective "ładny" (nice) based on the noun.

1. To jest __________ (chłopiec).

2. To jest __________ (dziewczyna).

3. To są __________ (dzieci).

Solutions:

1. ładny chłopiec

2. ładna dziewczyna

3. ładne dzieci

Exercise 3: Match the Gender[edit | edit source]

Match the nouns with their corresponding adjectives.

1. mężczyzna (man)

2. kobieta (woman)

3. auto (car)

a. ładna

b. ładne

c. ładny

Solutions:

1 - c. ładny

2 - a. ładna

3 - b. ładne

Exercise 4: Choose the Right Form[edit | edit source]

Select the correct form of the adjective based on the case.

1. Widzę __________ (ładny) chłopiec. (Accusative)

2. Szkoła __________ (ładny) chłopca jest blisko. (Genitive)

3. To jest __________ (ładny) dom. (Nominative)

Solutions:

1. ładnego

2. ładnego

3. ładny

Exercise 5: Translate the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Polish.

1. The nice girl is reading a book.

2. I see the nice children.

3. The nice man's car is red.

Solutions:

1. Ładna dziewczyna czyta książkę.

2. Widzę ładne dzieci.

3. Samochód ładnego mężczyzny jest czerwony.

Exercise 6: Rewrite the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Rewrite the following sentences by changing the adjectives to the correct form based on the nouns.

1. The nice boy (singular) is happy.

2. The nice girls (plural) are playing.

3. I have two nice cars (plural).

Solutions:

1. Ładny chłopiec jest szczęśliwy.

2. Ładne dziewczyny bawią się.

3. Mam dwa ładne samochody.

Exercise 7: Create Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

Write sentences using the following nouns and the correct form of "ładny":

1. mężczyzna (man)

2. dziewczyna (girl)

3. okno (window)

Sample Solutions:

1. Ładny mężczyzna idzie do sklepu.

2. Ładna dziewczyna jest w parku.

3. Ładne okno jest otwarte.

Exercise 8: Identify Errors[edit | edit source]

Identify and correct the errors in the following sentences.

1. Ładna chłopiec idzie do szkoły.

2. Widzisz ładne dziewczynę.

3. Samochód ładna mężczyzny jest niebieski.

Solutions:

1. Ładny chłopiec idzie do szkoły.

2. Widzisz ładną dziewczynę.

3. Samochód ładnego mężczyzny jest niebieski.

Exercise 9: Gender and Number Practice[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the adjective based on gender and number.

1. To są __________ (ładny) psy. (dogs)

2. To jest __________ (ładny) kot. (cat)

3. To są __________ (ładny) kobiety. (women)

Solutions:

1. ładne

2. ładny

3. ładne

Exercise 10: Create a Dialogue[edit | edit source]

Using the vocabulary and structures learned, create a short dialogue between two people discussing their favorite things, including at least three adjectives.

Sample Dialogue:

A: Cześć! Jaki masz ładny samochód!

B: Dziękuję! A ty masz piękną dziewczynę!

A: Tak, ona jest bardzo miła.

Congratulations! You have now completed the lesson on Adjective Agreement in Polish. Remember to practice these concepts regularly to gain confidence in your Polish speaking and writing. Keep up the great work!

Table of Contents - Polish Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Alphabet and Pronunciation


Greetings and Introductions


Basic Sentence Structure


Numbers and Time


Nouns and Articles


Family and Relationships


Adjectives and Adverbs


Food and Dining


Verbs and Tenses


Travel and Transportation


Polish Customs and Traditions

Videos[edit | edit source]

Polish for beginners. Lesson 11. Adjectives (endings). Colours ...[edit | edit source]

Polish Adjectives (basics) - Easy Polish - YouTube[edit | edit source]


Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Relationship Status — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Comparative and Superlative ▶️

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