Language/Hindi/Grammar/Basic-Verbs

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Hindi → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Pronouns and Verbs → Basic Verbs

Namaste! Welcome to the "Complete 0 to A1 Hindi Course". I'm excited to guide you in your journey to learn Hindi. In this lesson, we will learn basic Hindi verbs, such as "to be," "to have," "to go," "to come,", and "to do," and how to conjugate them in the present tense.

Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: Descriptive Adjectives & Nouns and Pronouns.

Basic Verbs

The Hindi language is an Indo-Aryan language spoken predominantly in India, Nepal, and Bhutan. The Hindi alphabet has 11 vowels, and 36 consonants. The grammar of Hindi is similar to that of other Indian languages, and it is widely known for its complex verb system.

Hindi verbs are usually made up of two parts: the stem and the infinitive. The stem is the root word, and the infinitive indicates the tense and mood of the verb sentence. In Hindi, verbs are also conjugated to agree with the subject.

Below are five basic Hindi verbs that we will learn in this lesson:

To Be

"To be" is an essential verb in any language. In Hindi, "to be" is expressed as होना (honaa). Here's how it is conjugated in the present tense:

Hindi	Pronunciation	English
हूँ	hoon	I am
हो	ho	You are (singular)
है	hai	He/She/It is
हैं	hain	We/You/They are

Here are a few examples of how to use "to be" in Hindi:

मैं हूँ। (Main hoon.) - I am.
तुम हो। (Tum ho.) - You are.
वह है। (Vah hai.) - He/She/It is.
हम हैं। (Hum hain.) - We are.
आप हैं। (Aap hain.) - You are. (plural/formal)

To Have

"To have" is another essential verb that we use daily. In Hindi, "to have" is expressed as रखना (rakhna). Here's how it is conjugated in the present tense:

Hindi	Pronunciation	English
मेरे पास है	mere paas hai	I have
तेरे पास है	tere paas hai	You have (singular)
उसके पास है	uske paas hai	He/She/It has
हमारे पास हैं	hamare paas hain	We have
आपके पास हैं	aapke paas hain	You have (plural/formal)

Here are a few examples of how to use "to have" in Hindi:

मेरे पास किताब है। (Mere paas kitaab hai.) - I have a book.
तेरे पास कुछ खाने को है? (Tere paas kuchh khaane ko hai?) - Do you have something to eat?
उसके पास पैसे हैं। (Uske paas paise hain.) - He/She has money.
हमारे पास घर है। (Hamaare paas ghar hai.) - We have a house.
आपके पास कूदा है? (Aapke paas kooda hai?) - Do you have trash? (plural/formal)

To Go

"To go" is a common verb used to indicate movement. In Hindi, "to go" is expressed as जाना (jaana). Here's how it is conjugated in the present tense:

Hindi	Pronunciation	English
जाता हूँ	jaata hoon	I go
जाते हो	jaate ho	You go (singular)
जाता है	jaata hai	He/She/It goes
जाते हैं	jaate hain	We/You/They go

Here are a few examples of how to use "to go" in Hindi:

मैं एक दूसरे शहर में जाता हूँ। (Main ek doosre shahar mein jaata hoon.) - I go to another city.
तुम कहाँ जाते हो? (Tum kahaan jaate ho?) - Where do you go?
घर कब जाते हो? (Ghar kab jaate ho?) - When do you go home?
वह रोज स्कूल जाता है। (Vah roz school jaata hai.) - He/She goes to school daily.
हम साथ में चलते हैं। (Hum saath mein chalte hain.) - We go together.

To Come

"To come" is the opposite of "to go." In Hindi, "to come" is expressed as आना (aana). Here's how it is conjugated in the present tense:

Hindi	Pronunciation	English
आता हूँ	aata hoon	I come
आते हो	aate ho	You come (singular)
आता है	aata hai	He/She/It comes
आते हैं	aate hain	We/You/They come

Here are a few examples of how to use "to come" in Hindi:

मैं देर से आता हूँ। (Main der se aata hoon.) - I come late.
तुम कब आते हो? (Tum kab aate ho?) - When do you come?
आज शाम को मेरे घर आते हो। (Aaj shaam ko mere ghar aate ho.) - Come to my house tonight.
वह रोज गांव से आता है। (Vah roz gaanv se aata hai.) - He/She comes from the village daily.
हम तुम्हें आने के लिए इंतजार कर रहे हैं। (Hum tumhein aane ke liye intezaar kar rahe hain.) - We are waiting for you to come.

To Do

"To do" is a versatile verb that can be used in several ways. In Hindi, "to do" is expressed as करना (karna). Here's how it is conjugated in the present tense:

Hindi	Pronunciation	English
करता हूँ	karta hoon	I do
करते हो	karte ho	You do (singular)
करता है	karta hai	He/She/It does
करते हैं	karte hain	We/You/They do

Here are a few examples of how to use "to do" in Hindi:

मैं कल से काम करता हूँ। (Main kal se kaam karta hoon.) - I start working from tomorrow.
तुम क्या करते हो? (Tum kya karte ho?) - What do you do?
उसे दुकान में काम करना पसंद है। (Use dukhaan mein kaam karna pasand hai.) - He/She likes to work in the shop.
हम अक्सर ऐसा करते हैं। (Hum aksar aisa karte hain.) - We often do that.
आप कुछ नहीं करते हैं। (Aap kuchh nahi karte hain.) - You don't do anything. (plural/formal)

Congratulations! You have learned five common Hindi verbs and how to conjugate them in the present tense. We will continue to build on this foundation in the following lessons.

Remember, practice makes perfect. Try using these verbs in different sentences and contexts to master the usage.

Thank you for learning with me today. I hope you found this lesson helpful. Please feel free to leave a comment below if you have any questions or feedback.

Table of Contents - Hindi Course - 0 to A1

Course Presentation

Greetings and Introductions

Pronouns and Verbs

Numbers and Time

Questions and Negations

Family and Relationships

Indian Names and Titles

Food and Dining

Adjectives and Adverbs

Travel and Transportation

Indian Festivals and Holidays

Other Lessons

Sources

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