Language/Hebrew/Grammar/Fractions-and-Decimals
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| ◀️ Ordinal Numbers — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Cities and Regions ▶️ |
Welcome to today's lesson on Fractions and Decimals in Hebrew! Understanding how to express quantities in parts or as decimal values is crucial for everyday communication, whether you're shopping, cooking, or navigating through life in Israel. Fractions and decimals are foundational concepts not only in mathematics but also in various aspects of daily conversations.
In this lesson, we will explore how to form and use fractions and decimals in Hebrew, providing you with a solid understanding of these concepts. We'll cover the following structure:
What Are Fractions and Decimals?
Fractions represent a part of a whole, while decimals are another way to express fractions, particularly useful in scenarios involving money or precise measurements. In Hebrew, both concepts are expressed with specific words and grammatical rules that you will learn throughout this lesson.
Basic Vocabulary
To begin with, let's familiarize ourselves with some essential vocabulary related to fractions and decimals.
| Hebrew | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| חצי | ḥeʦi | half |
| שליש | shliʃ | third |
| רבע | reva | quarter |
| שניים | shnaim | two |
| שלושה | shloʃa | three |
| ארבעה | arba'a | four |
| חמישה | ḥamiša | five |
| עשרה | asara | ten |
| מאה | me'a | hundred |
| אלף | elef | thousand |
Forming Fractions in Hebrew
In Hebrew, fractions are typically formed using the cardinal number followed by the word for the fraction.
For example:
- Half is expressed as חצי (ḥeʦi).
- One-third is expressed as שליש (shliʃ).
- One-quarter is expressed as רבע (reva).
When expressing fractions, the structure is usually:
[Numerical Value] + [Fraction Name].
For example:
- One-half: חצי (ḥeʦi)
- Two-thirds: שני שלישים (shnaim shliʃim)
To express fractions in Hebrew, it's essential to note that the numerator (the top number) is usually stated as a cardinal number, while the denominator (the bottom number) is often expressed as a fraction name.
Common Fractions
Let’s delve deeper into commonly used fractions in Hebrew.
| Hebrew | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| חצי | ḥeʦi | half |
| שליש | shliʃ | one-third |
| שני שלישים | shnaim shliʃim | two-thirds |
| רבע | reva | one-quarter |
| שני רבעים | shnaim reva'im | two-quarters (or one-half) |
| שלושה רבעים | shloʃa reva'im | three-quarters |
| חמישה ששיות | ḥamiša shishiyot | five-sixths |
| אחד עשר | eḥad asar | eleven |
| שניים עשר | shnaim asar | twelve |
| שלושה עשר | shloʃa asar | thirteen |
Using Fractions in Context
Now that you have a basic understanding of how to form fractions, let's look at how to use them in sentences.
1. אני אוחז חצי תפוח (Ani ohez ḥeʦi tapu'aḥ) - "I have half an apple."
2. אני שותה שליש מיץ (Ani shote shliʃ miẓ) - "I drink one-third of juice."
3. העוגה מחולקת לשניים (Ha'uga meḥuleket le'shnaim) - "The cake is divided into two."
4. יש לי רבע שעה (Yesh li reva sha'a) - "I have a quarter of an hour."
5. הילדים אכלו שלושה רבעים מהעוגה (Hayeladim aklu shloʃa reva'im meha'uga) - "The children ate three-quarters of the cake."
Understanding Decimals in Hebrew
Decimals, like fractions, are crucial in daily life. They often appear in contexts like money, measurements, and statistics. In Hebrew, decimals are expressed using the word נקודה (nekuda), which means "point."
For example:
- 2.5 is expressed as שניים נקודה חמש (shnaim nekuda ḥamesh) - "Two point five."
- 3.75 is expressed as שלושה נקודה שבעה חמישה (shloʃa nekuda shiv'a ḥamiša) - "Three point seven five."
Common Decimals
Here are some commonly used decimal numbers in Hebrew.
| Hebrew | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| 0.5 | 0.5 | חצי (ḥeʦi) - half |
| 1.25 | 1.25 | אחד נקודה עשרים וחמישה (eḥad nekuda esrim ve'ḥamiša) - one point twenty-five |
| 2.75 | 2.75 | שניים נקודה שבעים וחמישה (shnaim nekuda shiv'im ve'ḥamiša) - two point seventy-five |
| 3.14 | 3.14 | שלושה נקודה ארבע עשרה (shloʃa nekuda arba' asar) - three point fourteen |
| 4.5 | 4.5 | ארבעה נקודה חמישה (arba'a nekuda ḥamiša) - four point five |
| 5.6 | 5.6 | חמישה נקודה שישה (ḥamiša nekuda shisha) - five point six |
| 6.8 | 6.8 | שישה נקודה שמונה (shisha nekuda shmonah) - six point eight |
| 7.25 | 7.25 | שבעה נקודה עשרים וחמישה (sheva nekuda esrim ve'ḥamiša) - seven point twenty-five |
| 8.9 | 8.9 | שמונה נקודה תשעה (shmonah nekuda teisha) - eight point nine |
| 9.99 | 9.99 | תשעה נקודה תשעים ותשעה (teisha nekuda tish'im ve'tish'a) - nine point ninety-nine |
Using Decimals in Context
Here are some sentences showcasing how to use decimals in Hebrew.
1. המחיר הוא עשרים ושישה שקלים (Ha'meḥir hu esrim ve'shisha shekalim) - "The price is twenty-six shekels."
2. יש לי 3.5 קילוגרם של תפוחים (Yesh li 3.5 kilogram shel tapuḥim) - "I have 3.5 kilograms of apples."
3. המרחק הוא 4.75 קילומטרים (Ha'merḥak hu 4.75 kilometrim) - "The distance is 4.75 kilometers."
4. הוא עשה 10.5 קילומטרים היום (Hu asah 10.5 kilometrim hayom) - "He ran 10.5 kilometers today."
5. בעל החנות אמר שהשולחן עולה 150.5 ש"ח (Ba'al ha'ḥanut amar she'ha'shulḥan oleh 150.5 shekels) - "The shopkeeper said the table costs 150.5 shekels."
Exercises to Practice
Now that you've learned about fractions and decimals, it's time to practice what you've learned! Below are exercises that will help reinforce your understanding.
Exercise 1: Translate the following fractions into Hebrew
1. One-half
2. Three-quarters
3. Two-thirds
4. One-third
5. Five-sixths
Exercise 2: Write the decimal form of the following fractions
1. חצי
2. שליש
3. רבע
4. שני רבעים
5. שלושה רבעים
Exercise 3: Fill in the blanks with the correct fraction
1. אני אוחז _____ תפוח (half)
2. יש לי _____ שעה (quarter)
3. אתה צריך _____ מים (one-third)
4. היא אכלה _____ עוגה (three-quarters)
5. הם שתו _____ מיץ (two-thirds)
Exercise 4: Convert the following decimals into Hebrew
1. 2.5
2. 3.75
3. 4.5
4. 5.6
5. 9.99
Exercise 5: Write sentences using the given fractions
1. חצי
2. שליש
3. רבע
4. שני רבעים
5. שלושה רבעים
Solutions
Here are the solutions to the exercises to help you check your understanding.
Answers for Exercise 1
1. חצי (ḥeʦi)
2. שלושה רבעים (shloʃa reva'im)
3. שני שלישים (shnaim shliʃim)
4. שליש (shliʃ)
5. חמישה ששיות (ḥamiša shishiyot)
Answers for Exercise 2
1. 0.5
2. 0.33
3. 0.25
4. 0.5
5. 0.75
Answers for Exercise 3
1. חצי (ḥeʦi)
2. רבע (reva)
3. שליש (shliʃ)
4. שלושה רבעים (shloʃa reva'im)
5. שני שלישים (shnaim shliʃim)
Answers for Exercise 4
1. שניים נקודה חמש (shnaim nekuda ḥamesh)
2. שלושה נקודה שבעים וחמישה (shloʃa nekuda shiv'im ve'ḥamiša)
3. ארבעה נקודה חמישה (arba'a nekuda ḥamiša)
4. חמישה נקודה שישה (ḥamiša nekuda shisha)
5. תשעה נקודה תשעים ותשעה (teisha nekuda tish'im ve'tish'a)
Answers for Exercise 5
1. אני אוחז חצי תפוח (Ani ohez ḥeʦi tapu'aḥ).
2. יש לי שליש מיץ (Yesh li shliʃ miẓ).
3. יש לי רבע שעה (Yesh li reva sha'a).
4. הילד אכל שני רבעים מהעוגה (Hayeled akal shnaim reva'im meha'uga).
5. הם שתו שלושה רבעים מהמים (Hem shatu shloʃa reva'im mehamayim).
Congratulations! You've successfully navigated through the basics of fractions and decimals in Hebrew! Keep practicing these concepts as they are vital in daily conversations and interactions.
Other Lessons
- Vowels
- Personal pronouns and the present tense
- Give your Opinion
- How to Use Have
- Future Tense
- 0 to A1 Course
- Verbs
- Nikkud
- Ordinal Numbers
| ◀️ Ordinal Numbers — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Cities and Regions ▶️ |