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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Polish|Polish]]  → [[Language/Polish/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Polish/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Advanced Polish Grammar → The Imperative Mood</div>


<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Polish|Polish]]  → [[Language/Polish/Grammar|Grammar]] → The Imperative Mood</div>
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In this lesson, you will learn how to use the imperative mood in Polish. The imperative mood is used to express commands, advice, and requests. It is important to understand how to use it correctly, as it is commonly used in everyday communication.
== The Imperative Mood ==
 
The imperative mood is used to give commands, make requests, or offer advice. In Polish, the imperative mood is formed by using the base form of the verb, which is the infinitive without the final -ć (for verbs ending in -ić) or -yć (for verbs ending in -yć).
 
For example, the verb "to eat" in Polish is "jeść". To form the imperative mood, we remove the final -ć and are left with "jeś".
 
=== Formation of the Imperative Mood ===
 
The imperative mood in Polish has three forms: the affirmative, negative, and reflexive. The affirmative form is used to give commands or make requests, while the negative form is used to forbid or prohibit actions. The reflexive form is used when the subject of the verb is also the object.
 
To form the affirmative imperative, we simply remove the final -ć or -yć from the infinitive form of the verb. For example:
 
* jeść (to eat) becomes jedz (eat)
* pić (to drink) becomes pij (drink)
* czytać (to read) becomes czytaj (read)
 
To form the negative imperative, we add the word "nie" before the verb. For example:


* nie jedz (don't eat)
* nie pij (don't drink)
* nie czytaj (don't read)


<span link>Don't miss the chance to check out these pages as you wrap up this lesson: [[Language/Polish/Grammar/Subject-Verb-Object|Subject Verb Object]] & [[Language/Polish/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]].</span>
To form the reflexive imperative, we add the reflexive pronoun "się" after the verb. For example:
== What is the Imperative Mood? ==


The imperative mood is a grammatical mood used to express a command or request. In English, the imperative is usually formed by using the base form of the verb without the subject. For example, "Listen to the music" or "Please, come here."
* myć (to wash) becomes myj się (wash yourself)
* kłaść (to lay) becomes kładź się (lay yourself)
* bawić (to have fun) becomes baw się (have fun)


In Polish, the imperative is also formed using the base form of the verb, but the form of the verb changes depending on the gender, number, and person of the subject. The imperative form is shorter than the infinitive and it often ends in a vowel.
=== Usage of the Imperative Mood ===


== Regular Imperative Forms ==
The imperative mood is commonly used in everyday situations to give commands or make requests. Here are some common examples:


Regular imperatives are formed by taking the appropriate form of the verb for the singular and adding "-j" at the end.
* Proszę zrób to. (Please do it.)
* Otwórz okno, proszę. (Open the window, please.)
* Zamknij drzwi. (Close the door.)
* Nie pal papierosów w tym miejscu. (Don't smoke cigarettes in this place.)
* Przygotuj się do egzaminu. (Prepare yourself for the exam.)
* Uważaj na siebie. (Take care of yourself.)


{| class="wikitable"
In addition to giving commands and making requests, the imperative mood can also be used to offer advice or suggestions. Here are some examples:
! Polish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| idź || eej || go/walk (sg.)
|-
| czytaj || chitai || read (sg.)
|-
| rób || roob || do/make (sg.)
|}


When forming the imperative for plural, the "-cie" ending is used:
* Spróbuj tego jedzenia, jest pyszne. (Try this food, it's delicious.)
* Wypij herbatę przed snem, pomoże ci zasnąć. (Drink tea before bed, it will help you sleep.)
* Zadzwoń do mnie, jak tylko będziesz gotowy. (Call me as soon as you're ready.)


{| class="wikitable"
=== Irregular Verbs in the Imperative Mood ===
! Polish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| idźcie || eejtche || go/walk (pl.)
|-
| czytajcie || chitaitche || read (pl.)
|-
| róbcie || roobtche || do/make (pl.)
|}


== Irregular Imperative Forms ==
While most verbs follow the regular formation rules in the imperative mood, there are some irregular verbs that have unique imperative forms. Here are a few examples:


Some verbs have irregular imperatives. Here are some examples:
* być (to be) - bądź (be)
* iść (to go) - idź (go)
* mieć (to have) - miej (have)
* wiedzieć (to know) - wiedz (know)


{| class="wikitable"
=== Summary ===
! Polish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| być (być) || beim || be
|-
| mieć (mieć) || myetch || have
|-
| dawać (dać) || davatch || give
|-
| iść (pójść) || ysch || go (sg.)
|-
| iść (pójść) || yschmy || go (pl.)
|-
| wiedzieć (wiedzieć) || vyedzyeitch || know
|}


== Using the Imperative Mood ==
In this lesson, you have learned how to use the imperative mood in Polish. You have seen how the imperative mood is formed by using the base form of the verb, and how it can be used to give commands, make requests, offer advice, or give suggestions. You have also learned about the three forms of the imperative mood: affirmative, negative, and reflexive. Additionally, you have seen some examples of irregular verbs in the imperative mood.


The imperative mood is commonly used in Polish in the following situations:
Continue practicing the imperative mood in Polish to become more comfortable with using it in everyday conversations. Good luck!


* Giving commands: Idź do sklepu (Go to the shop)
{{#seo:
* Giving advice: Spróbuj to zrobić (Try to do it)
|title=Polish Grammar → Advanced Polish Grammar → The Imperative Mood
* Making requests: Proszę powiedzieć mi, co masz na myśli (Please, tell me what you mean)
|keywords=Polish grammar, advanced Polish grammar, imperative mood, Polish imperative mood
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use the imperative mood in Polish. The imperative mood is used to give commands, make requests, or offer advice.
}}


In Polish, the imperative mood is often used in informal contexts, such as conversations with friends and family. It is important, however, to use it correctly, as it can also be used in formal situations.
{{Polish-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}


== Practice Exercises ==
[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Polish-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Polish-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>


Now that you understand how to use the imperative mood, it's time to practice! Below are some exercises to help you master this skill.


1. Form the imperative of the following verbs: pić (to drink), jeść (to eat), czytać (to read), uczyć się (to learn).
2. Rewrite the following sentences using the imperative mood: "Mówię cicho" (Speak quietly), "Pomóż mi" (Help me), "Posłuchaj mnie" (Listen to me).
3. Write three imperative sentences for each of the following situations: giving advice, giving a command, and making a request.


<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
==Sources==
* [https://www.clozemaster.com/blog/polish-imperative-verbs/ The Complete Guide to Polish Imperative Verbs]
* [https://www.clozemaster.com/blog/polish-imperative-verbs/ The Complete Guide to Polish Imperative Verbs]
Line 85: Line 88:
* [https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/Language/Polish/Grammar/Imperative-Mood Polish Grammar - Imperative Mood]
* [https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/Language/Polish/Grammar/Imperative-Mood Polish Grammar - Imperative Mood]


{{#seo:
 
|title=Polish Grammar - The Imperative Mood
|keywords=Polish grammar, advanced Polish grammar, the imperative mood in Polish, imperative mood, Polish language, Polish verbs, informal contexts
|description=Learn how to use the imperative mood in Polish. Discover the regular and irregular forms and practice exercises.
}}


==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Polish/Grammar/Conditional-Sentences|Conditional Sentences]]
* [[Language/Polish/Grammar/Conditional-Sentences|Conditional Sentences]]
* [[Language/Polish/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Polish/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]


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<span maj></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo></span>
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Revision as of 04:50, 17 June 2023


Poland-Timeline-PolyglotClub.png
Polish → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Advanced Polish Grammar → The Imperative Mood

The Imperative Mood

The imperative mood is used to give commands, make requests, or offer advice. In Polish, the imperative mood is formed by using the base form of the verb, which is the infinitive without the final -ć (for verbs ending in -ić) or -yć (for verbs ending in -yć).

For example, the verb "to eat" in Polish is "jeść". To form the imperative mood, we remove the final -ć and are left with "jeś".

Formation of the Imperative Mood

The imperative mood in Polish has three forms: the affirmative, negative, and reflexive. The affirmative form is used to give commands or make requests, while the negative form is used to forbid or prohibit actions. The reflexive form is used when the subject of the verb is also the object.

To form the affirmative imperative, we simply remove the final -ć or -yć from the infinitive form of the verb. For example:

  • jeść (to eat) becomes jedz (eat)
  • pić (to drink) becomes pij (drink)
  • czytać (to read) becomes czytaj (read)

To form the negative imperative, we add the word "nie" before the verb. For example:

  • nie jedz (don't eat)
  • nie pij (don't drink)
  • nie czytaj (don't read)

To form the reflexive imperative, we add the reflexive pronoun "się" after the verb. For example:

  • myć (to wash) becomes myj się (wash yourself)
  • kłaść (to lay) becomes kładź się (lay yourself)
  • bawić (to have fun) becomes baw się (have fun)

Usage of the Imperative Mood

The imperative mood is commonly used in everyday situations to give commands or make requests. Here are some common examples:

  • Proszę zrób to. (Please do it.)
  • Otwórz okno, proszę. (Open the window, please.)
  • Zamknij drzwi. (Close the door.)
  • Nie pal papierosów w tym miejscu. (Don't smoke cigarettes in this place.)
  • Przygotuj się do egzaminu. (Prepare yourself for the exam.)
  • Uważaj na siebie. (Take care of yourself.)

In addition to giving commands and making requests, the imperative mood can also be used to offer advice or suggestions. Here are some examples:

  • Spróbuj tego jedzenia, jest pyszne. (Try this food, it's delicious.)
  • Wypij herbatę przed snem, pomoże ci zasnąć. (Drink tea before bed, it will help you sleep.)
  • Zadzwoń do mnie, jak tylko będziesz gotowy. (Call me as soon as you're ready.)

Irregular Verbs in the Imperative Mood

While most verbs follow the regular formation rules in the imperative mood, there are some irregular verbs that have unique imperative forms. Here are a few examples:

  • być (to be) - bądź (be)
  • iść (to go) - idź (go)
  • mieć (to have) - miej (have)
  • wiedzieć (to know) - wiedz (know)

Summary

In this lesson, you have learned how to use the imperative mood in Polish. You have seen how the imperative mood is formed by using the base form of the verb, and how it can be used to give commands, make requests, offer advice, or give suggestions. You have also learned about the three forms of the imperative mood: affirmative, negative, and reflexive. Additionally, you have seen some examples of irregular verbs in the imperative mood.

Continue practicing the imperative mood in Polish to become more comfortable with using it in everyday conversations. Good luck!

Table of Contents - Polish Course - 0 to A1


Alphabet and Pronunciation


Greetings and Introductions


Basic Sentence Structure


Numbers and Time


Nouns and Articles


Family and Relationships


Adjectives and Adverbs


Food and Dining


Verbs and Tenses


Travel and Transportation


Polish Customs and Traditions


Sources


Other Lessons



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