Difference between revisions of "Language/Sindhi/Grammar/Negation"

Revision as of 18:02, 22 June 2023

◀️ Question Formation — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Imperatives ▶️

Sindhi → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → More Grammar Concepts → Negation

Introduction

Welcome to the "Negation" lesson in our Complete 0 to A1 Sindhi Course. In this lesson, we will learn how to form negative sentences and questions in Sindhi, including the use of negation words. This topic is essential in mastering the Sindhi language as it allows us to express negation and denial in various contexts. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to confidently use negation in your conversations and understand negated sentences in Sindhi.

To ensure a comprehensive understanding, we will explore the structure and rules of negation in Sindhi. We will provide numerous examples to illustrate each point, making the learning experience engaging and relatable. Additionally, we will delve into the cultural aspects and regional variations of negation in Sindhi, giving you a deeper insight into the language.

Let's get started!

Forming Negative Sentences

In Sindhi, negation is primarily achieved by using negation words. These words are placed before the verb or the main verb in a sentence to indicate negation. The most common negation word in Sindhi is "نہِ" (nahe), which translates to "not" in English. Let's look at some examples:

Sindhi	Pronunciation	English Translation
سانگھي علم نہِ آهي	Sāngi əlm nahe āhi	I am not with knowledge.
تون سڌو پڙهڻ نہِ ڪريو	Tūn sado paṛhṇa nahe karyo	You did not read everything.
انکي ماڻهون نہِ آچيندا	Inkī māṇhōna nahe āchinda	They do not understand.
هو شوڪت نہِ چئيندو	Hō shaukat nahe chaīndo	He does not want luxury.

It is important to note that the negation word "نہِ" (nahe) can be contracted to "ن" (na) when it precedes a verb starting with a consonant cluster or a vowel. This contraction is optional and depends on the speaker's preference. Let's see some examples:

Sindhi	Pronunciation	English Translation
سانگھي علم ن نہِ آهي	Sāngi əlm na nahe āhi	I am not with knowledge.
تون سڌو پڙهڻ ن ڪريو	Tūn sado paṛhṇa na karyo	You did not read everything.
انکي ماڻهون ن نہِ آچيندا	Inkī māṇhōna na nahe āchinda	They do not understand.
هو شوڪت ن نہِ چئيندو	Hō shaukat na nahe chaīndo	He does not want luxury.

Now that we understand the basic structure of forming negative sentences in Sindhi, let's move on to negation in question formation.

Forming Negative Questions

In Sindhi, negative questions are formed by placing the negation word "نہِ" (nahe) or its contraction "ن" (na) before the verb in a question sentence. This indicates that the speaker expects a negative response. Let's look at some examples:

Sindhi	Pronunciation	English Translation
ڪيا تون سڌو پڙهڻ نہِ ڪريو؟	Kiyā tūn sado paṛhṇa nahe karyo?	Did you not read everything?
ڪيا انڪي ماڻهون نہِ آچيندا؟	Kiyā inkī māṇhōna nahe āchinda?	Do they not understand?
ڪيا ھو شوڪت ن نہِ چئيندو؟	Kiyā hō shaukat na nahe chaīndo?	Does he not want luxury?

Just like in negative sentences, the negation word "نہِ" (nahe) can be contracted to "ن" (na) in negative questions. Let's see some examples:

Sindhi	Pronunciation	English Translation
ڪيا تون سڌو پڙهڻ ن ڪريو؟	Kiyā tūn sado paṛhṇa na karyo?	Did you not read everything?
ڪيا انڪي ماڻهون ن نہِ آچيندا؟	Kiyā inkī māṇhōna na nahe āchinda?	Do they not understand?
ڪيا ھو شوڪت ن نہِ چئيندو؟	Kiyā hō shaukat na nahe chaīndo?	Does he not want luxury?

Now that we have covered the basics of negation in Sindhi, let's explore some cultural aspects and regional variations related to negation in the Sindhi language.

Cultural Aspects and Regional Variations

The usage of negation in Sindhi is consistent across regions, and the negation words "نہِ" (nahe) and "ن" (na) are widely used throughout the Sindhi-speaking community. However, there might be slight variations in pronunciation and usage based on regional dialects.

In some regions, speakers may use the word "ڪڏهڻِ" (kadhaṇi) instead of "نہِ" (nahe) to indicate negation. For example:

Sindhi	Pronunciation	English Translation
هو هلو ن ڪڏهڻِ سمجهنديو	Hō halō na kadhaṇi samjhandiyo	He does not understand anything.
توھانجون فون ن ڪڏهڻِ ڏئو	Tuhān̄jōn phōn na kadhaṇi dēo	Do not give your phone number.

It is important to note that while these regional variations exist, the standard negation words "نہِ" (nahe) and "ن" (na) are universally understood and widely used in written and formal contexts.

Now that we have explored the cultural and regional aspects of negation in Sindhi, let's move on to practicing what we have learned.

Practice Exercises

1. Form negative sentences using the given verbs and pronouns:

a) Verb: ڪريو (karyo), Pronoun: هن (hin) b) Verb: ٻوليو (boleyo), Pronoun: سان (sān) c) Verb: پڑهڻا (paṛhṇā), Pronoun: توھان (tuhān)

Solution: a) هن ڪريو نہِ ڪريو. (Hin karyo nahe karyo.) - They did not do. b) سان ٻوليو نہِ ٻوليو. (Sān boleyo nahe boleyo.) - We did not speak. c) توھان پڑهڻا نہِ پڑهڻا. (Tuhān paṛhṇā nahe paṛhṇā.) - You did not read.

2. Form negative questions using the given verbs and pronouns:

a) Verb: سمجهيو (samjhayo), Pronoun: ھن (hun) b) Verb: ڪيلو (kēlo), Pronoun: تو (tu) c) Verb: سڌا (sada), Pronoun: انهن (inhin)

Solution: a) ھن سمجهيو ن سمجهيو؟ (Hun samjhayo na samjhayo?) - Did they not understand? b) تو ڪيلو ن ڪيلو؟ (Tu kēlo na kēlo?) - Did you not do? c) انهن سڌا ن سڌا؟ (Inhin sada na sada?) - Did they not go?

Now that we have practiced forming negative sentences and questions, let's move on to the next section to conclude this lesson with a summary and some final thoughts.

Summary

In this lesson, we have learned how to form negative sentences and questions in Sindhi. We explored the use of negation words, primarily "نہِ" (nahe) and its contraction "ن" (na), to indicate negation in sentences. We also discussed the cultural aspects and regional variations of negation in Sindhi, highlighting the universal understanding of the standard negation words.

By understanding and practicing negation, you have gained a valuable tool to express negation and denial in Sindhi. Keep practicing and incorporating negation into your conversations to strengthen your language skills.

In the next lesson, we will learn about imperative sentences in Sindhi, for giving commands and making polite requests. See you there!

Table of Contents - Sindhi Course - 0 to A1

Course Presentation

Introduction to Sindhi Script

Everyday Vocabulary

Basic Grammar Concepts

Everyday Situations

More Grammar Concepts

Culture and Traditions

Advanced Grammar Concepts

Sources

Other Lessons

◀️ Question Formation — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Imperatives ▶️

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 <span pgnav>
 {| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
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 {{Sindhi-Page-Top}}
+<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Sindhi|Sindhi]]  → [[Language/Sindhi/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Sindhi/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → More Grammar Concepts → Negation</div>
+__TOC__
-<div class="pg_page_title">Sindhi Grammar - Negation</div>
+== Introduction ==
-Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/sindhi Sindhi] learners! 😊<br>
+Welcome to the "Negation" lesson in our Complete 0 to A1 Sindhi Course. In this lesson, we will learn how to form negative sentences and questions in Sindhi, including the use of negation words. This topic is essential in mastering the Sindhi language as it allows us to express negation and denial in various contexts. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to confidently use negation in your conversations and understand negated sentences in Sindhi.
-In this lesson, we will learn about negation in Sindhi and how to use it in sentences. We will also explore cultural information and interesting facts about Sindhi.
-__TOC__
+To ensure a comprehensive understanding, we will explore the structure and rules of negation in Sindhi. We will provide numerous examples to illustrate each point, making the learning experience engaging and relatable. Additionally, we will delve into the cultural aspects and regional variations of negation in Sindhi, giving you a deeper insight into the language.
-== Introduction ==
+Let's get started!
-Negation is an important aspect of any language as it allows us to express negative thoughts or negate an action. In Sindhi, negation is expressed by adding negative words before the verb or using न, which is similar to 'not' or 'no' in English. In this lesson, we will learn about negative words and how to use them in negating sentences.
+== Forming Negative Sentences ==
-<span link>Take some time to dive into these other pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Sindhi/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use "Be"]], [[Language/Sindhi/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]], [[Language/Sindhi/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]] & [[Language/Sindhi/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]].</span>
+In Sindhi, negation is primarily achieved by using negation words. These words are placed before the verb or the main verb in a sentence to indicate negation. The most common negation word in Sindhi is "نہِ" (nahe), which translates to "not" in English. Let's look at some examples:
-== Negative Words ==
-In Sindhi, there are different words that can be used to negate a sentence. The most common ones are:
 {| class="wikitable"
-! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English
+! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
 |-
-| نهوندي || 'nahondi' || Not
+| سانگھي علم نہِ آهي || Sāngi əlm nahe āhi || I am not with knowledge.
 |-
-| ڪش || 'kash' || Nothing/no
+| تون سڌو پڙهڻ نہِ ڪريو || Tūn sado paṛhṇa nahe karyo || You did not read everything.
 |-
-| ناهڻ || 'nahan' || Without/not
+| انکي ماڻهون نہِ آچيندا || Inkī māṇhōna nahe āchinda || They do not understand.
 |-
-| غير || 'ghair' || Not/other than
+| هو شوڪت نہِ چئيندو || Hō shaukat nahe chaīndo || He does not want luxury.
+|}
+It is important to note that the negation word "نہِ" (nahe) can be contracted to "ن" (na) when it precedes a verb starting with a consonant cluster or a vowel. This contraction is optional and depends on the speaker's preference. Let's see some examples:
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
+|-
+| سانگھي علم ن نہِ آهي || Sāngi əlm na nahe āhi || I am not with knowledge.
 |-
-| نهڪ || 'nahik' || Not
+| تون سڌو پڙهڻ ن ڪريو || Tūn sado paṛhṇa na karyo || You did not read everything.
 |-
-| ناهوش || 'nahosh' || Unaware/not know
+| انکي ماڻهون ن نہِ آچيندا || Inkī māṇhōna na nahe āchinda || They do not understand.
+|-
+| هو شوڪت ن نہِ چئيندو || Hō shaukat na nahe chaīndo || He does not want luxury.
 |}
-It is important to note that these negative words come before the verb or the object in a sentence. Let's look at some examples:
+Now that we understand the basic structure of forming negative sentences in Sindhi, let's move on to negation in question formation.
-* ڪتاب جي هن ۾  ڪوئيڊا ناهين ٿا. ('Kitaab je hin me koiDha naheen tha.') - There was nothing in the book.
+== Forming Negative Questions ==
-* توهان مان گهٽ ڳاله هندوستان ۾ ناهن ۽ پاڪستان ۾ رهقت ڪريو آهيو؟ ('Tohaan man ghatt gala hindustan me naahin aen Pakistan me rahat karyou aahiyo?') - Haven't you stayed in hotels in both India and Pakistan?
-* مان ڪتاب پڙيائي ناهوندي. ('Man kitaab parhayi nahondi.') - I am not studying the book.
-* مان تنهنجو جواب ناهين جيتيو. ('Man tinhinjo jawaab naheen jitiyo.') - I did not win your answer.
-== Negation in Sentences ==
+In Sindhi, negative questions are formed by placing the negation word "نہِ" (nahe) or its contraction "ن" (na) before the verb in a question sentence. This indicates that the speaker expects a negative response. Let's look at some examples:
-In Sindhi, negation is generally expressed by adding a negative word before the verb or the object in a sentence. Here are some examples:
-* شان شام کان واپس چدوائيندا ناهين. ('Shaam shaam khaan waapas chadhainda naheen.') - They don't climb back every evening.
+{| class="wikitable"
-* سڏي ڏاکٽر نٿين چئي ويا. ('Saddi doctor nathin chai wiya.') - The good doctor didn't drink tea.
+! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
-* هندوستان جو غير سهيڻ لپتا ناهين ٿو. ('Hindustan jo ghair sehni lipta naheen tho.') - No one other than India can bear it.
+|-
+| ڪيا تون سڌو پڙهڻ نہِ ڪريو؟ || Kiyā tūn sado paṛhṇa nahe karyo? || Did you not read everything?
+|-
+| ڪيا انڪي ماڻهون نہِ آچيندا؟ || Kiyā inkī māṇhōna nahe āchinda? || Do they not understand?
+|-
+| ڪيا ھو شوڪت ن نہِ چئيندو؟ || Kiyā hō shaukat na nahe chaīndo? || Does he not want luxury?
+|}
+Just like in negative sentences, the negation word "نہِ" (nahe) can be contracted to "ن" (na) in negative questions. Let's see some examples:
+{| class="wikitable"
+! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
+|-
+| ڪيا تون سڌو پڙهڻ ن ڪريو؟ || Kiyā tūn sado paṛhṇa na karyo? || Did you not read everything?
+|-
+| ڪيا انڪي ماڻهون ن نہِ آچيندا؟ || Kiyā inkī māṇhōna na nahe āchinda? || Do they not understand?
+|-
+| ڪيا ھو شوڪت ن نہِ چئيندو؟ || Kiyā hō shaukat na nahe chaīndo? || Does he not want luxury?
+|}
-Negation can also be expressed by using न which is similar to 'not' or 'no' in English. Here are some examples:
+Now that we have covered the basics of negation in Sindhi, let's explore some cultural aspects and regional variations related to negation in the Sindhi language.
-* توهان جهين هِئليو آهيو نه? ('Tohaan jeheen hailyo aahiyo nah?') - You haven't eaten yet, right?
+== Cultural Aspects and Regional Variations ==
-* رھائش ملاحظي سان وڃي نه ۾ ہئي؟ ('Rehaish malahzi saan wich na ma hi?') - Didn't you check the accommodation?
-* هو يتيم نه آهي، اهون جي ولد جا آهي. ('Ho yateem na aahi, ahun ji wald ja aahi.') - He is not an orphan, he is the son of his parents.
-Negation can also be expressed by using the negative verb form which is the infinitive verb or the root verb with ن before it. Here are some examples:
+The usage of negation in Sindhi is consistent across regions, and the negation words "نہِ" (nahe) and "ن" (na) are widely used throughout the Sindhi-speaking community. However, there might be slight variations in pronunciation and usage based on regional dialects.
-* مان کتاب جي مطالعو نٿوندي. ('Man kitaab ji mutaliauo nathondi.') - I do not read the books.
+In some regions, speakers may use the word "ڪڏهڻِ" (kadhaṇi) instead of "نہِ" (nahe) to indicate negation. For example:
-* توهان پڙهينجي شرطون ۾ شامل نه هو؟ ('Tohaan parhenjo sharaton me shamul na ho?') - You don't meet the criteria for studying.
-* ۾ جندہون کي مٺيهن نه ڪڻ هائيو. ('Me jindahun ki matteehan na karan haiyo.') - I am not going to kill animals.
-== Dialogue ==
+{| class="wikitable"
-Here's a dialogue between two friends, Manoj and Abida:
+! Sindhi !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
+|-
+| هو هلو ن ڪڏهڻِ سمجهنديو || Hō halō na kadhaṇi samjhandiyo || He does not understand anything.
+|-
+| توھانجون فون ن ڪڏهڻِ ڏئو || Tuhān̄jōn phōn na kadhaṇi dēo || Do not give your phone number.
+|}
-* Manoj: توهان خوبان کان ڪر نه رهيا؟ ('Tohaan khubaan khan kar na rhya?') - Haven't you eaten with friends?
+It is important to note that while these regional variations exist, the standard negation words "نہِ" (nahe) and "ن" (na) are universally understood and widely used in written and formal contexts.
-* Abida: نا مان خوبان کان ڪر نٿوندا. ('Naa man khubaan khan kar nathonda.') - No, I haven't eaten with friends.
-* Manoj: جس طرح توھان خوبان کان ڪر ناهندي. ('Jis tarah tohaan khubaan khan kar nathondi.') - The way you don't eat with friends.
-* Abida: توهان اهو ڪجهه چئيوندو؟ ('Tohaan ahau kaja chaiyando?') - What are you trying to say?
-== Cultural Information and Interesting Facts ==
+Now that we have explored the cultural and regional aspects of negation in Sindhi, let's move on to practicing what we have learned.
-Sindhi culture is known for its rich history and traditions. Sindhis are known for their love of dance and music, and the most famous dance form is the 'Jhoomar'. This dance form is usually performed on festive occasions and involves a lot of graceful movements and footwork.
-Apart from dance and music, Sindhi culture also has a rich culinary tradition. Some of the popular dishes include 'Sai Bhaji', 'Seyal Bhaji', 'Koki' and 'Besani'. These dishes are usually served with 'Aloo Tuk', which is a deep-fried version of potatoes, and 'Papad'.
+== Practice Exercises ==
+. Form negative sentences using the given verbs and pronouns:
+a) Verb: ڪريو (karyo), Pronoun: هن (hin)
+b) Verb: ٻوليو (boleyo), Pronoun: سان (sān)
+c) Verb: پڑهڻا (paṛhṇā), Pronoun: توھان (tuhān)
+Solution:
+a) هن ڪريو نہِ ڪريو. (Hin karyo nahe karyo.) - They did not do.
+b) سان ٻوليو نہِ ٻوليو. (Sān boleyo nahe boleyo.) - We did not speak.
+c) توھان پڑهڻا نہِ پڑهڻا. (Tuhān paṛhṇā nahe paṛhṇā.) - You did not read.
+. Form negative questions using the given verbs and pronouns:
+a) Verb: سمجهيو (samjhayo), Pronoun: ھن (hun)
+b) Verb: ڪيلو (kēlo), Pronoun: تو (tu)
+c) Verb: سڌا (sada), Pronoun: انهن (inhin)
+Solution:
+a) ھن سمجهيو ن سمجهيو؟ (Hun samjhayo na samjhayo?) - Did they not understand?
+b) تو ڪيلو ن ڪيلو؟ (Tu kēlo na kēlo?) - Did you not do?
+c) انهن سڌا ن سڌا؟ (Inhin sada na sada?) - Did they not go?
+Now that we have practiced forming negative sentences and questions, let's move on to the next section to conclude this lesson with a summary and some final thoughts.
+== Summary ==
+In this lesson, we have learned how to form negative sentences and questions in Sindhi. We explored the use of negation words, primarily "نہِ" (nahe) and its contraction "ن" (na), to indicate negation in sentences. We also discussed the cultural aspects and regional variations of negation in Sindhi, highlighting the universal understanding of the standard negation words.
+By understanding and practicing negation, you have gained a valuable tool to express negation and denial in Sindhi. Keep practicing and incorporating negation into your conversations to strengthen your language skills.
+In the next lesson, we will learn about imperative sentences in Sindhi, for giving commands and making polite requests. See you there!
+{{#seo:
+|title=Sindhi Grammar → More Grammar Concepts → Negation
+|keywords=Sindhi grammar, Sindhi negation, Sindhi language, negation in Sindhi
+|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form negative sentences and questions in Sindhi, including the use of negation words. Explore the cultural aspects and regional variations of negation in Sindhi, and practice applying negation in exercises. Get ready to confidently use negation in your Sindhi conversations!
+}}
+{{Sindhi-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
+[[Category:Course]]
+[[Category:Sindhi-Course]]
+[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
+[[Category:Sindhi-0-to-A1-Course]]
+<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
-Sindhi is spoken in many countries including India, Pakistan, and diaspora communities in other countries. The language has its roots in the ancient Indus Valley civilization and has since evolved through various stages of development.
-To improve your [[Language/Sindhi|Sindhi]] [[Language/Sindhi/Grammar|Grammar]], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=112 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/sindhi/question questions]!
-<span class='maj'></span>
 ==Sources==
 * [http://learn101.org/sindhi_grammar.php Sindhi Grammar | LEARN101.ORG]
 * [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6139473/ Unicode-8 based linguistics data set of annotated Sindhi text - PMC]
-{{#seo:
-|title=Sindhi Grammar - Negation
-|keywords=Sindhi, grammar, negation, negative words, culture, Jhoomar, cuisine, Indus Valley Civilization, Polyglot Club
-|description=In this lesson, you will learn about negation in Sindhi and how to use it in sentences. You will also explore cultural information and interesting facts about Sindhi.
-}}
-<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
 ==Other Lessons==
@@ Line 106: / Line 165: @@
 * [[Language/Sindhi/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
 * [[Language/Sindhi/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
 {{Sindhi-Page-Bottom}}
-<span links></span>
-{{Sindhi-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
-[[Category:Course]]
-[[Category:Sindhi-Course]]
-[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
-[[Category:Sindhi-0-to-A1-Course]]
 <span pgnav>
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