Language/Sindhi/Grammar/Passive-Voice

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Sindhi → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Advanced Grammar Concepts → Passive Voice

Introduction

In this lesson, we will delve into the advanced grammar concept of passive voice in the Sindhi language. Passive voice is an essential aspect of sentence construction, allowing us to emphasize the object or recipient of an action rather than the subject. Understanding passive voice will greatly enhance your ability to communicate effectively in Sindhi and express a variety of ideas and perspectives. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to form passive sentences, change active sentences to passive, and use passive verbs with ease.

The Importance of Passive Voice in Sindhi

Passive voice is widely used in Sindhi to bring attention to the receiver of an action rather than the doer. It is commonly used in formal writing, news reports, and scientific articles. By learning passive voice, you will be able to express ideas more precisely and add depth to your written and spoken Sindhi. Additionally, passive voice is essential for understanding and interpreting Sindhi literature and historical texts, as it is frequently employed in these contexts. Mastering passive voice will open up new avenues for effective communication and comprehension in the Sindhi language.

Lesson Structure

1. Introduction to Passive Voice 2. Formation of Passive Sentences 3. Changing Active Sentences to Passive 4. Using Passive Verbs 5. Cultural Insights: Passive Voice in Sindhi Literature 6. Exercises and Practice Scenarios 7. Solutions and Explanations 8. Conclusion

1. Introduction to Passive Voice

Passive voice is a grammatical construction that emphasizes the object or receiver of an action rather than the subject. In Sindhi, passive voice is formed by using the appropriate form of the auxiliary verb "هجڻو" (hajjo), followed by the past participle of the main verb. Passive voice allows us to shift the focus of a sentence and highlight the recipient or object of the action. Let's explore the formation of passive sentences in Sindhi in the following sections.

2. Formation of Passive Sentences

To form a passive sentence in Sindhi, we follow a specific structure:

[Object] + [هجڻو] (hajjo) + [Past Participle of Verb]

Let's look at some examples to understand this structure better:

Example 1:

Sindhi	Pronunciation	English
مينو ڪتاب وڌو.	Mīnū kitāb v̤aḍō.	I read the book.
ڪتاب هجڻي ويا آهي.	Kitāb hajjiyā viyā āhī.	The book is being read by me.

Example 2:

Sindhi	Pronunciation	English
توهان سڄي ماڻهن ٻوليو آهيو.	Tuhān sāḍī māṇhẽ ḍhūliyō āhīyō.	You have washed all the clothes.
سڄي ماڻهن هجڻي ويو آهن.	Sāḍī māṇhẽ hajjiyā viyō āhīn.	All the clothes have been washed by you.

In these examples, we can see how the focus of the sentence shifts from the subject (the doer of the action) to the object (the receiver of the action) in the passive voice construction. The auxiliary verb "هجڻو" (hajjo) is used to form the passive voice, and the past participle of the main verb follows it. It is important to note that the verb agrees in gender and number with the subject.

3. Changing Active Sentences to Passive

In Sindhi, it is common to convert active sentences to passive to emphasize the object or recipient of the action. To change an active sentence to passive, follow these steps:

1. Identify the subject, object, and verb in the active sentence. 2. Use the appropriate form of the auxiliary verb "هجڻو" (hajjo), followed by the past participle of the main verb. 3. Adjust the verb form to agree with the subject in gender and number.

Let's see some examples of active sentences converted to passive sentences:

Example 1: Active Sentence: مانهنجو والد ڪتاب وڌانديو آهي. (Mānhinjo wāld kītāb v̤aḍandiyō āhī.) Translation: My father reads the book.

Passive Sentence: ڪتاب هجڻي ويا آهي. (Kitāb hajjiyā viyā āhī.) Translation: The book is being read.

Example 2: Active Sentence: توهان سڄي ماڻهن ٻوليو آهيو. (Tuhān sāḍī māṇhẽ ḍhūliyō āhīyō.) Translation: You have washed all the clothes.

Passive Sentence: سڄي ماڻهن هجڻي ويو آهن. (Sāḍī māṇhẽ hajjiyā viyō āhīn.) Translation: All the clothes have been washed.

By converting active sentences to passive, we can shift the focus and highlight the object or recipient of the action in Sindhi sentences.

4. Using Passive Verbs

Passive verbs are an important aspect of constructing passive sentences in Sindhi. The past participle of the main verb is used as a passive verb in these constructions. The passive verb agrees in gender and number with the subject of the sentence.

Let's look at some examples of passive verbs in Sindhi:

Example 1:

Sindhi	Pronunciation	English
ڪتاب وڌانديو آهي.	Kitāb v̤aḍandiyō āhī.	The book is read.
ڪتابن وڌانديو آهن.	Kitāban v̤aḍandiyō āhīn.	The books are read.

Example 2:

Sindhi	Pronunciation	English
قصي هجڻي ويو آهي.	Qisā hajjiyā viyō āhī.	The story is told.
قصن هجڻي ويو آهن.	Qisān hajjiyā viyō āhīn.	The stories are told.

In these examples, we can see how the passive verb agrees with the subject in gender and number. The passive verbs "وڌانديو" (v̤aḍandiyō) and "هجڻي ويو" (hajjiyā viyō) are used to indicate the action in the passive voice. It is important to note that the verb form changes to agree with the subject.

5. Cultural Insights: Passive Voice in Sindhi Literature

Passive voice plays a significant role in Sindhi literature, adding depth and complexity to the written word. Many Sindhi poets and authors use passive voice to evoke emotions and create vivid descriptions. The use of passive voice in Sindhi poetry and prose allows for a more nuanced portrayal of characters and situations. Additionally, historical Sindhi texts often employ passive voice to highlight the impact and consequences of certain events. Understanding passive voice in Sindhi will enhance your appreciation and comprehension of Sindhi literary works.

6. Exercises and Practice Scenarios

Now, let's practice forming passive sentences and converting active sentences to passive. Choose the correct passive verb and complete the following sentences:

Exercise 1: 1. توهان سڄي پاڻي وڌايو آهيو. (Tuhān sāḍī pāṇī v̤āḍāyō āhīyō.)

  Passive Verb: ________ (v̤āḍاندو)
  Passive Sentence: پاڻي هجڻي ________ آهي. (Pāṇī hajjiyā ________ āhī.)

2. مونکي سڄي ڪتابن وڌايو آهي. (Mūṇkī sāḍī kitāban v̤āḍāyō āhīyō.)

  Passive Verb: ________ (v̤āḍاندو)
  Passive Sentence: ڪتابن هجڻي ________ آهن. (Kitāban hajjiyā ________ āhīn.)

Exercise 2: 1. توهان سڄي ڪچهرو درست ڪيا آهيو. (Tuhān sāḍī kac̣hrō darust kiyā āhīyō.)

  Passive Verb: ________ (ڪياندو)
  Passive Sentence: ڪچهرو هجڻي ________ آهي. (Kac̣hrō hajjiyā ________ āhī.)

2. ڪسان سڄن ڪچهرو درست ڪيا آهن. (Kisān sāḍan kac̣hrō darust kiyā āhīn.)

  Passive Verb: ________ (ڪياندو)
  Passive Sentence: ڪچهرو هجڻي ________ آهن. (Kac̣hrō hajjiyā ________ āhīn.)

7. Solutions and Explanations

Exercise 1: 1. توهان سڄي پاڻي وڌايو آهيو. (Tuhān sāḍī pāṇī v̤āḍāyō āhīyō.)

  Passive Verb: ڏاندو (ḍhāndō)
  Passive Sentence: پاڻي هجڻي ڏاندي آهي. (Pāṇī hajjiyā ḍhāndi āhī.)

2. مونکي سڄي ڪتابن وڌايو آهي. (Mūṇkī sāḍī kitāban v̤āḍāyō āhīyō.)

  Passive Verb: ڏاندو (ḍhāndō)
  Passive Sentence: ڪتابن هجڻي ڏاندي آهن. (Kitāban hajjiyā ḍhāndi āhīn.)

Exercise 2: 1. توهان سڄي ڪچهرو درست ڪيا آهيو. (Tuhān sāḍī kac̣hrō darust kiyā āhīyō.)

  Passive Verb: ڪياندو (kiyāndō)
  Passive Sentence: ڪچهرو هجڻي ڪياندي آهي. (Kac̣hrō hajjiyā kiyāndi āhī.)

2. ڪسان سڄن ڪچهرو درست ڪيا آهن. (Kisān sāḍan kac̣hrō darust kiyā āhīn.)

  Passive Verb: ڪياندو (kiyāndō)
  Passive Sentence: ڪچهرو هجڻي ڪياندي آهن. (Kac̣hrō hajjiyā kiyāndi āhīn.)

Conclusion

Congratulations! You have successfully learned how to form passive sentences, change active sentences to passive, and use passive verbs in Sindhi. Passive voice is an essential aspect of Sindhi grammar and allows us to shift the focus from the doer to the receiver of an action. With this knowledge, you can express a wide range of ideas and perspectives in Sindhi, enhancing your communication skills. Keep practicing and exploring the Sindhi language, and you will continue to progress towards fluency.

Table of Contents - Sindhi Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

  ---

Introduction to Sindhi Script

• Sindhi Alphabet
• Basic Consonants and Vowels

  ---

Everyday Vocabulary

• Greetings and Introductions
• Numbers and Counting
• Days of the Week and Months
• Colors and Shapes
• Food and Beverages

  ---

Basic Grammar Concepts

• Nouns and Pronouns
• Adjectives and Adverbs
• Verbs and Tenses
• Prepositions and Conjunctions

  ---

Everyday Situations

• At Home
• At Work
• At School
• Shopping
• Travel and Transportation

  ---

More Grammar Concepts

• Question Formation
• Negation
• Imperatives
• Comparatives and Superlatives
• Expressing Possession

  ---

Culture and Traditions

• Festivals and Celebrations
• Traditional Clothing
• Music and Dance
• Cuisine
• History and Landmarks

  ---

Advanced Grammar Concepts

• Conditional Sentences
• Passive Voice
• Subjunctive Mood
• Relative Clauses
• Reported Speech

Sources

• Complete passive voice course in sindhi | Concept of passive voice ...
• Passive | Online Sindhi Dictionaries | آن لائين سنڌي ڊڪشنريون
• Active and passive voice tense exercise | in sindhi | passive voice ...

Other Lessons

• Imperatives
• Conditional Sentences
• Verbs and Tenses
• Pronouns
• Give your Opinion
• Plurals
• Adjectives
• Prepositions and Conjunctions
• Questions
• Relative Clauses

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