Difference between revisions of "Language/Georgian/Grammar/Participles"
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[[File:Georgian-Language-PolyglotClub.png|thumb]] | [[File:Georgian-Language-PolyglotClub.png|thumb]] | ||
<div | <div class="pg_page_title"> Participles in Georgian</div> | ||
Usually participles are used as nouns or adjectives. | Usually participles are used as nouns or adjectives. | ||
a) The participles of transitive verbs are produced by the following affixes: მ---ელ-, მ---არ-/ალ-. დამწერი (“one, who wrote”), მწერალი (“writer”), მხატვარი (“painter”), მასწავლებელი (“teacher”), etc. | a) The participles of transitive verbs are produced by the following affixes: მ---ელ-, მ---არ-/ალ-. დამწერი (“one, who wrote”), მწერალი (“writer”), მხატვარი (“painter”), მასწავლებელი (“teacher”), etc. | ||
b) The future participles of passive verbs are produced by the affixes სა- and ს---ელ-: (და)საწერი (“something to paint”), (და)სახატი (“something to write”), (გა)საკეთებელი (“something to do”), etc. | b) The future participles of passive verbs are produced by the affixes სა- and ს---ელ-: (და)საწერი (“something to paint”), (და)სახატი (“something to write”), (გა)საკეთებელი (“something to do”), etc. | ||
c) The past participles of passive verbs are produced by the following affixes: -ილ-, -ულ-, ნა-, მ---არ-. დაწერილი (“written”), გაკეთებული (“made”), ნახატი (“picture”; “painted”), დახატული (“painted”), დამდნარი (“melted”), etc. These participles can have negative forms as well, produced by უ- and უ---ელ-: დაუხატავი (“unpainted”), დაუწერელი (“unwritten”), etc. | c) The past participles of passive verbs are produced by the following affixes: -ილ-, -ულ-, ნა-, მ---არ-. დაწერილი (“written”), გაკეთებული (“made”), ნახატი (“picture”; “painted”), დახატული (“painted”), დამდნარი (“melted”), etc. These participles can have negative forms as well, produced by უ- and უ---ელ-: დაუხატავი (“unpainted”), დაუწერელი (“unwritten”), etc. | ||
<span link>After mastering this lesson, these related pages might interest you:</span> [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/The-Conjugation-System|The Conjugation System]], [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]], [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]] & [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Possessive-pronouns|Possessive pronouns]]. | |||
==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
http://eprints.iliauni.edu.ge/3071/1/Basic-Georgian%202%20bolo%20versia.pdf | http://eprints.iliauni.edu.ge/3071/1/Basic-Georgian%202%20bolo%20versia.pdf | ||
== | ==Other Lessons== | ||
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Possessive-pronouns|Possessive pronouns]] | * [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Possessive-pronouns|Possessive pronouns]] | ||
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/“to-live”-ცხოვრება-present-tense|“to live” ცხოვრება present tense]] | * [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/“to-live”-ცხოვრება-present-tense|“to live” ცხოვრება present tense]] | ||
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* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Conjugation-of-the-verb-“to-be”-ყოფნა-in-the-future-tense|Conjugation of the verb “to be” ყოფნა in the future tense]] | * [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Conjugation-of-the-verb-“to-be”-ყოფნა-in-the-future-tense|Conjugation of the verb “to be” ყოფნა in the future tense]] | ||
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Postpositions-of-the-Genitive|Postpositions of the Genitive]] | * [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Postpositions-of-the-Genitive|Postpositions of the Genitive]] | ||
<span links></span> | |||
Latest revision as of 13:15, 27 March 2023
Usually participles are used as nouns or adjectives.
a) The participles of transitive verbs are produced by the following affixes: მ---ელ-, მ---არ-/ალ-. დამწერი (“one, who wrote”), მწერალი (“writer”), მხატვარი (“painter”), მასწავლებელი (“teacher”), etc.
b) The future participles of passive verbs are produced by the affixes სა- and ს---ელ-: (და)საწერი (“something to paint”), (და)სახატი (“something to write”), (გა)საკეთებელი (“something to do”), etc.
c) The past participles of passive verbs are produced by the following affixes: -ილ-, -ულ-, ნა-, მ---არ-. დაწერილი (“written”), გაკეთებული (“made”), ნახატი (“picture”; “painted”), დახატული (“painted”), დამდნარი (“melted”), etc. These participles can have negative forms as well, produced by უ- and უ---ელ-: დაუხატავი (“unpainted”), დაუწერელი (“unwritten”), etc.
After mastering this lesson, these related pages might interest you: The Conjugation System, Future Tense, Plurals & Possessive pronouns.
Sources[edit | edit source]
http://eprints.iliauni.edu.ge/3071/1/Basic-Georgian%202%20bolo%20versia.pdf
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Possessive pronouns
- “to live” ცხოვრება present tense
- Types of Verbs
- The adverbial case
- The postposition of the Instrumental
- Medio actives Verbs
- Conditional Mood
- Transitive Verbs VS Intransitive Verbs
- Conjugation of the verb “to be” ყოფნა in the future tense
- Postpositions of the Genitive