Language/Georgian/Grammar/Participles

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Participles in Georgian

Usually participles are used as nouns or adjectives.

a) The participles of transitive verbs are produced by the following affixes: მ---ელ-, მ---არ-/ალ-. დამწერი (“one, who wrote”), მწერალი (“writer”), მხატვარი (“painter”), მასწავლებელი (“teacher”), etc.

b) The future participles of passive verbs are produced by the affixes სა- and ს---ელ-: (და)საწერი (“something to paint”), (და)სახატი (“something to write”), (გა)საკეთებელი (“something to do”), etc.

c) The past participles of passive verbs are produced by the following affixes: -ილ-, -ულ-, ნა-, მ---არ-. დაწერილი (“written”), გაკეთებული (“made”), ნახატი (“picture”; “painted”), დახატული (“painted”), დამდნარი (“melted”), etc. These participles can have negative forms as well, produced by უ- and უ---ელ-: დაუხატავი (“unpainted”), დაუწერელი (“unwritten”), etc.

After mastering this lesson, these related pages might interest you: The Conjugation System, Future Tense, Plurals & Possessive pronouns.

Sources[edit | edit source]

http://eprints.iliauni.edu.ge/3071/1/Basic-Georgian%202%20bolo%20versia.pdf

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