Language/Sindhi/Grammar/Negation

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Sindhi → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Negation

Welcome, dear students! In this lesson, we will delve into an essential aspect of the Sindhi language: negation. Understanding how to form negative sentences and questions is crucial for effective communication. Just think about it: being able to say what you don't want or what isn’t true is as important as expressing your desires or truths. Negation helps you clarify, specify, and sometimes even emphasize your point of view.

In this lesson, we will explore various forms of negation in Sindhi, including negation words and their applications in both affirmative and interrogative sentences. By the end of this lesson, you should feel comfortable using negation in your conversations.

Below is the structure of this lesson:

• Introduction to Negation

• Negation Words in Sindhi

• Forming Negative Sentences

• Forming Negative Questions

• Examples of Negation

• Practice Exercises

• Conclusion

Introduction to Negation

Negation in any language serves a vital role in communication. It allows speakers to express disagreement, refusal, or denial. In Sindhi, negation is typically expressed using specific words that modify the meaning of verbs and sentences. These negation words can vary depending on the context and the structure of the sentence. Understanding how to use them will significantly enhance your ability to communicate effectively in Sindhi.

Negation Words in Sindhi

In Sindhi, the primary negation word is "نہ" (na). This word is equivalent to "no" or "not" in English and is used to negate verbs or entire sentences. Let's look at a few more common negation words and their uses:

Sindhi	Pronunciation	English Translation
نہ	na	no/not
ڪڏهن نه	kadhi na	never
ڪنهن به نه	khen bhi na	nobody/not anyone
ڪجھ به نه	kagh bhi na	nothing

As you can see, these negation words are integral in forming negative expressions in Sindhi. They modify the verb or the context of the sentence to indicate negation.

Forming Negative Sentences

To create a negative sentence in Sindhi, you typically place the negation word "نہ" (na) before the verb. Here are a few examples:

Sindhi	Pronunciation	English Translation
مان نه ٿو وڃان.	maan na tho vayan.	I do not go.
هو نه ٿو کائي.	ho na tho khai.	He does not eat.
هوءَ نه ٿي آئي.	hoo na thi aayi.	She did not come.
اسان نه ٿا پڙهندا.	asaan na tha parhanda.	We do not read.

In the examples above, you can see how "نہ" (na) is placed before the verb to negate the action.

Forming Negative Questions

Negative questions in Sindhi are formed similarly. You can use the negation word "نہ" (na) to create questions that imply a negative response or surprise. Here are some examples:

Sindhi	Pronunciation	English Translation
ڇا تو نٿو وڃين؟	chha to na tho vayan?	Don’t you go?
ڇا هو نٿو کائي؟	chha ho na tho khai?	Doesn’t he eat?
ڇا هوءَ نٿي آئي؟	chha hoo na thi aayi?	Didn’t she come?
ڇا اسان نٿا پڙهندا؟	chha asaan na tha parhanda?	Don’t we read?

Notice how the structure remains similar to affirmative questions, but with the inclusion of the negation word. This can add a layer of nuance to your inquiries, often conveying surprise or a request for confirmation.

Examples of Negation

To further clarify how negation works in Sindhi, let’s explore a few more examples in different contexts:

Sindhi	Pronunciation	English Translation
مان نه پئي سمهان.	maan na pai samaan.	I am not sleeping.
هيءَ نه پئي وڃين.	hi na pai vayan.	She is not going.
اسان جو نه آيو.	asaan jo na aayo.	We did not come.
توهان کي نه پرسان.	tawhan khe na parsan.	I do not like you.
مان نه ٿو سمجهان.	maan na tho samjhan.	I do not understand.
هوءَ نه ٿي راضي.	hoo na thi raazi.	She is not happy.
مان اڄ نه پڙهندس.	maan aaj na parhandas.	I will not read today.
اوه نه ٿو سنڀالي.	oh na tho sambhali.	He is not taking care.
اسان کي نه ٿو مليو.	asaan khe na tho malyo.	We did not get it.
هوءَ نه ٿي خريد ڪئي.	hoo na thi khareed kadi.	She did not buy it.

These examples illustrate the versatility of negation in Sindhi, allowing speakers to express a range of sentiments and statements.

Practice Exercises

Now it's time to put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises for you to practice forming negative sentences and questions in Sindhi.

Exercise 1: Negate the Following Sentences

Transform the following affirmative sentences into negative sentences using the word "نہ" (na).

1. مان وڃان.

2. هو کائي.

3. اسان پڙهو.

4. هوءَ آئي.

5. توهان سمجهو.

Solutions:

1. مان نه وڃان.

2. هو نه کائي.

3. اسان نه پڙهو.

4. هوءَ نه آئي.

5. توهان نه سمجهو.

Exercise 2: Create Negative Questions

Turn the following affirmative sentences into negative questions.

1. تو وڃي ٿو؟

2. هو کائي ٿو؟

3. اسان پڙهندا آهيون؟

4. هوءَ آئي آهي؟

5. توهان سمجهندا آهيو؟

Solutions:

1. ڇا تو نٿو وڃي؟

2. ڇا هو نٿو کائي؟

3. ڇا اسان نٿا پڙهندا؟

4. ڇا هوءَ نٿي آئي؟

5. ڇا توهان نٿا سمجهندا؟

Exercise 3: Fill in the Blanks

Complete the following sentences with the appropriate negation words.

1. مان ______ وڃان.

2. هو ______ کائي.

3. اسان ______ پڙهندا.

4. هوءَ ______ آئي.

5. توهان ______ سمجهندا.

Solutions:

1. مان نه وڃان.

2. هو نه کائي.

3. اسان نه پڙهندا.

4. هوءَ نه آئي.

5. توهان نه سمجهندا.

Exercise 4: Translate to Sindhi

Translate the following English sentences into Sindhi using negation.

1. I do not go to school.

2. He does not eat vegetables.

3. We will not watch a movie.

4. She did not call me.

5. They do not understand the lesson.

Solutions:

1. مان اسڪول نه وڃان.

2. هو سبزيون نه کائي.

3. اسان فلم نه ڏسندا.

4. هوءَ مون کي نه فون ڪيو.

5. اهي سبق نه سمجهن ٿا.

Exercise 5: Identify Negation

Read the following sentences and identify the negation word used.

1. مان نه سمهان.

2. ڇا تو نٿو وڃين؟

3. هوءَ نه ٿي راضي.

4. اسان کي نه پرسان.

5. ڇا هو نٿو کائي؟

Solutions:

1. نہ

2. نٿو

3. نہ

4. نہ

5. نٿو

Conclusion

Congratulations! You have now learned the fundamentals of negation in Sindhi. You can form negative sentences and questions using the negation word "نہ" (na) and understand its applications in various contexts. Remember, negation is a powerful tool in communication, allowing you to express what is not true or what you do not want. Keep practicing, and soon you will feel confident using negation in your everyday conversations.

Table of Contents - Sindhi Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

  ---

Introduction to Sindhi Script

• Sindhi Alphabet
• Basic Consonants and Vowels

  ---

Everyday Vocabulary

• Greetings and Introductions
• Numbers and Counting
• Days of the Week and Months
• Colors and Shapes
• Food and Beverages

  ---

Basic Grammar Concepts

• Nouns and Pronouns
• Adjectives and Adverbs
• Verbs and Tenses
• Prepositions and Conjunctions

  ---

Everyday Situations

• At Home
• At Work
• At School
• Shopping
• Travel and Transportation

  ---

More Grammar Concepts

• Question Formation
• Negation
• Imperatives
• Comparatives and Superlatives
• Expressing Possession

  ---

Culture and Traditions

• Festivals and Celebrations
• Traditional Clothing
• Music and Dance
• Cuisine
• History and Landmarks

  ---

Advanced Grammar Concepts

• Conditional Sentences
• Passive Voice
• Subjunctive Mood
• Relative Clauses
• Reported Speech

Sources

• Sindhi Grammar | LEARN101.ORG
• Unicode-8 based linguistics data set of annotated Sindhi text - PMC

Other Lessons

• Conditional Mood
• Plurals
• Questions
• Pronouns
• Adjectives
• How to Use Have
• How to Use Be
• Give your Opinion
• Future Tense

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