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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Dari|Dari]]  → [[Language/Dari/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Dari/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Questions and Negations → Negation</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Dari|Dari]]  → [[Language/Dari/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Dari/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Negation</div>
 
Welcome to our lesson on negation in Dari! This is an essential part of any language, as it allows you to express what is not true, what is absent, or what you don't want. Understanding negation will help you create more complex sentences and express your thoughts more clearly.
 
In this lesson, we will explore how to form negative sentences in Dari, focusing on negation words and expressions, and how to negate verbs and adjectives. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of how to communicate negation effectively in Dari.
 
__TOC__
__TOC__


Introduction:
=== Importance of Understanding Negation ===
Negation is an essential aspect of any language, including Dari. By learning how to form negative sentences, you will be able to express negation and denial in various contexts. In this lesson, we will explore the different ways to create negative sentences in Dari, including the use of negation words and expressions. We will also delve into negating verbs and adjectives, allowing you to express negation more accurately. Understanding negation is crucial for effective communication in Dari, as it allows you to express negation and denial in a clear and concise manner. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid foundation in negation in Dari.
 
Negation is crucial for effective communication. Whether you’re stating that you do not like a particular food, or you don’t understand something, knowing how to properly construct negative sentences is vital. In Dari, negation is generally straightforward, but it does have its nuances that we will cover in detail.  
 
=== Structure of the Lesson ===
 
This lesson is structured as follows:
 
* Introduction to Negation


Negation Words and Expressions:
* Negation in Verbs
In Dari, negation can be expressed using specific words and expressions that indicate negation or denial. Let's explore some of the most common negation words and expressions in Dari:


1. نه (na):
* Negation in Adjectives
- Pronunciation: /na/
- English Translation: no, not


2. نیست (nist):
* Common Negation Words and Expressions
- Pronunciation: /nist/
- English Translation: not


3. هیچ (hich):
* Examples of Negation
- Pronunciation: /hich/
- English Translation: no, none, not


4. بدون (bedun):
* Practice Exercises
- Pronunciation: /bedun/
- English Translation: without


5. بی (bi):
== Introduction to Negation ==
- Pronunciation: /bi/
- English Translation: without


These negation words and expressions can be used to negate verbs, adjectives, and nouns in Dari sentences. Let's explore each of these in more detail.
In Dari, negation is primarily achieved using the word "نه" (na), which translates to "no" or "not" in English. This word can be used in various contexts to negate verbs and adjectives.  


Negating Verbs:
Some examples of negation in sentences might include:
To negate a verb in Dari, you can use the negation word "نه (na)" before the verb. Here are some examples:


1. من نمی‌خوانم.
* "من نمی‌دانم" (man nami-danam) - "I do not know."
- Pronunciation: Man nemikhanam.
- English Translation: I do not read.


2. تو نمی‌آیی.
* "این کتاب نیست" (in kitab nist) - "This is not a book."
- Pronunciation: To nemiyai.
- English Translation: You do not come.


3. او نمی‌ماند.
== Negation in Verbs ==
- Pronunciation: U nemimand.
- English Translation: He/she does not stay.


4. ما نمی‌می‌آییم.
When negating verbs in Dari, the structure typically involves placing "نمی" (nami) before the verb. This is similar to how "do not" is used in English.  
- Pronunciation: Ma nemimiyaim.
- English Translation: We do not come.


5. شما نمی‌نویسید.
=== Structure for Negating Verbs ===
- Pronunciation: Shoma neminevisid.
- English Translation: You do not write.


6. آن‌ها نمی‌خوانند.
* Subject + نمی (nami) + Verb
- Pronunciation: Anha nemikhand.
- English Translation: They do not read.


In these examples, the negation word "نمی (nemi)" is placed before the verb to indicate negation. This structure is common in Dari when negating verbs. It is important to note that the negation word "نمی (nemi)" is used before the verb, while the negation word "نه (na)" is used before adjectives and nouns, as we will see in the next section.
Here are some examples:


Negating Adjectives and Nouns:
{| class="wikitable"
To negate an adjective or a noun in Dari, you can use the negation word "نه (na)" before the adjective or noun. Here are some examples:


1. این کتاب خوب نیست.
! Dari !! Pronunciation !! English
- Pronunciation: In ketab khub nist.
- English Translation: This book is not good.


2. آن دختر زیبا نیست.
|-
- Pronunciation: An dokhtar ziba nist.
- English Translation: That girl is not beautiful.


3. این ماشین جدید نیست.
| من نمی‌خوانم  || man nami-khanam || I do not read
- Pronunciation: In mashin jadid nist.
- English Translation: This car is not new.


4. آن مرد غریب نیست.
|-
- Pronunciation: An mard ghurib nist.
- English Translation: That man is not poor.


In these examples, the negation word "نیست (nist)" is placed after the adjective or noun to indicate negation. This structure is commonly used in Dari when negating adjectives and nouns. It is important to note that the negation word "نمی (nemi)" is used before verbs, as we discussed in the previous section.
| تو نمی‌روی  || to nami-ravi || You do not go


Cultural Insight: Politeness and Negation in Dari
|-
In Dari culture, negation is often used to express politeness and respect. It is common for Dari speakers to use negation words and expressions to soften their requests or refusals. For example, instead of saying "بله (bale)" meaning "yes," Dari speakers may use the negation word "نه (na)" followed by a polite expression to indicate agreement. Similarly, instead of directly refusing a request, Dari speakers may use negation words and expressions to convey their refusal in a more polite and indirect manner. Understanding the cultural nuances of negation in Dari can greatly enhance your ability to communicate politely and effectively in Dari-speaking communities.


Exercises:
| او نمی‌داند  || u nami-danad || He/She does not know
Now it's time to practice what you have learned. Try to form negative sentences using the negation words and expressions we discussed. Use the given prompts to create your own sentences. The solutions and explanations will be provided below.


Exercise 1:
|-
Prompt: Negate the following sentences using the appropriate negation words.
1. من می‌خوانم.
2. او می‌آید.
3. تو می‌نویسی.
4. ما می‌مانیم.
5. شما می‌فهمید.
6. آن‌ها می‌روند.


Exercise 2:
| ما نمی‌خوریم  || ma nami-khorim || We do not eat
Prompt: Negate the following adjectives and nouns using the appropriate negation word.
1. این ماشین گران است.
2. آن خانه بزرگ است.
3. این کتاب جالب است.
4. آن مرد ثروتمند است.
5. این دختر زیباست.


Exercise 3:
|-
Prompt: Create your own sentences using negation words and expressions to express negation or denial. Be creative and use a variety of verbs, adjectives, and nouns.


Solutions and Explanations:
| آنها نمی‌خوابند  || anha nami-khaband || They do not sleep
Exercise 1:
1. من نمی‌خوانم. (I do not read.)
2. او نمی‌آید. (He/she does not come.)
3. تو نمی‌نویسی. (You do not write.)
4. ما نمی‌مانیم. (We do not stay.)
5. شما نمی‌فهمید. (You do not understand.)
6. آن‌ها نمی‌روند. (They do not go.)


Exercise 2:
|}
1. این ماشین گران نیست. (This car is not expensive.)
2. آن خانه بزرگ نیست. (That house is not big.)
3. این کتاب جالب نیست. (This book is not interesting.)
4. آن مرد ثروتمند نیست. (That man is not wealthy.)
5. این دختر زیبا نیست. (This girl is not beautiful.)


Exercise 3:
== Negation in Adjectives ==
- من به دانشگاه نمی‌رود. (I do not go to the university.)
- او دستیار من نیست. (He/she is not my assistant.)
- تو هیچ کاری نمی‌کنی. (You do not do anything.)
- ما بدون تلفن همراه زندگی می‌کنیم. (We live without a mobile phone.)
- شما بی‌پول نیستید. (You are not penniless.)
- آن‌ها هیچ وقت دیر نمی‌شوند. (They are never late.)


In these exercises, you had the opportunity to practice forming negative sentences using the negation words and expressions we discussed. Keep practicing to reinforce your understanding of negation in Dari.
Negating adjectives in Dari is quite different from verbs. Instead of using "نمی" (nami), you often use "نیست" (nist), which means "is not" or "are not."
 
=== Structure for Negating Adjectives ===
 
* Subject + نیست (nist) + Adjective
 
Here are some examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Dari !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| این خوب نیست  || in khub nist || This is not good
 
|-
 
| آن بزرگ نیست  || an bozorg nist || That is not big
 
|-
 
| این رنگ زیبا نیست  || in rang ziba nist || This color is not beautiful
 
|-
 
| او خوشحال نیست  || u khushhal nist || He/She is not happy
 
|-
 
| این خانه کوچک نیست  || in khana kuchak nist || This house is not small
 
|}
 
== Common Negation Words and Expressions ==
 
In addition to "نه" (na), "نمی" (nami), and "نیست" (nist), there are other expressions that are commonly used in negation.
 
* "هرگز" (hargez) - Never
 
* "هیچ" (hich) - None / No
 
* "هرگز نمی" (hargez nami) - Never
 
=== Examples of Negation Expressions ===
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Dari !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| من هرگز نمی‌خوابم  || man hargez nami-khabam || I never sleep
 
|-
 
| او هیچ ندارد  || u hich nadarad || He/She has none
 
|-
 
| این هرگز خوب نیست  || in hargez khub nist || This is never good
 
|-
 
| من هیچ وقت نمی‌آیم  || man hich waqt nami-ayam || I never come
 
|-
 
| او هیچ غذایی نمی‌خورد  || u hich ghazayi nami-khorad || He/She eats no food
 
|}
 
== Examples of Negation ==
 
Let's look at more complex examples that demonstrate negation in various contexts.
 
* "من نمی‌دانم که او کجاست" (man nami-danam ke u kujast) - "I do not know where he/she is."
 
* "این کتاب خوب نیست، اما آن یکی خوب است" (in kitab khub nist, ama an yeki khub ast) - "This book is not good, but that one is good."
 
To help you understand better, here are some additional examples:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Dari !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| من هرگز نمی‌خوانم  || man hargez nami-khanam || I never read
 
|-
 
| تو هیچ چیزی نمی‌دانی  || to hich chizi nami-dani || You know nothing
 
|-
 
| او نمی‌تواند بیاید  || u nami-tanavad biayad || He/She cannot come
 
|-
 
| ما هیچ وقت نمی‌خوابیم  || ma hich waqt nami-khabim || We never sleep
 
|-
 
| آنها نمی‌خواهند بروند  || anha nami-khahanand beravand || They do not want to go
 
|}
 
== Practice Exercises ==
 
Now it's time to put your knowledge to the test! Below are some exercises to reinforce what you’ve learned about negation in Dari.
 
=== Exercise 1: Negate the Following Verbs ===
 
Transform the following sentences into negative form.
 
1. من می‌رویم (I go)
 
2. او می‌خورد (He/She eats)
 
3. ما می‌دانیم (We know)
 
=== Solutions for Exercise 1 ===
 
1. من نمی‌رویم (man nami-ravim) - I do not go
 
2. او نمی‌خورد (u nami-khorad) - He/She does not eat
 
3. ما نمی‌دانیم (ma nami-dananim) - We do not know
 
=== Exercise 2: Negate the Following Adjectives ===
 
Transform the following sentences into negative form.
 
1. این زیباست (This is beautiful)
 
2. آن خوب است (That is good)
 
3. این بزرگ است (This is big)
 
=== Solutions for Exercise 2 ===
 
1. این زیبا نیست (in ziba nist) - This is not beautiful
 
2. آن خوب نیست (an khub nist) - That is not good
 
3. این بزرگ نیست (in bozorg nist) - This is not big
 
=== Exercise 3: Fill in the Blanks ===
 
Complete the following sentences with the correct negation.
 
1. او __________ می‌خوابد. (He/She does not sleep)
 
2. ما __________ می‌آییم. (We do not come)
 
3. این __________ کتاب است. (This is not a book)
 
=== Solutions for Exercise 3 ===
 
1. او نمی‌خوابد (u nami-khabad) - He/She does not sleep
 
2. ما نمی‌آییم (ma nami-ayim) - We do not come
 
3. این نیست کتاب (in nist kitab) - This is not a book
 
=== Exercise 4: Translate to Dari ===
 
Translate the following sentences into Dari using negation.
 
1. I do not want to go.
 
2. She does not like this food.
 
3. They have no time.
 
=== Solutions for Exercise 4 ===
 
1. من نمی‌خواهم بروم (man nami-khahham beravam) - I do not want to go.
 
2. او این غذا را دوست ندارد (u in ghaza ra dust nadarad) - She does not like this food.
 
3. آنها هیچ وقتی ندارند (anha hich waqt nadarad) - They have no time.
 
=== Exercise 5: Create Your Own Sentences ===
 
Write your own sentences using negation. Try to use both verbs and adjectives.
 
=== Solutions for Exercise 5 ===
 
This exercise is subjective; however, make sure your sentences follow the negation structure you have learned.
 
Example:
 
* من خوشحال نیستم (man khushhal nistam) - I am not happy.
 
=== Conclusion ===
 
Congratulations on completing the lesson on negation in Dari! You have learned how to form negative sentences using negation words and expressions, as well as how to negate verbs and adjectives.
 
Remember to practice regularly, as repetition is key to mastering any language. Keep building your vocabulary, and soon enough, you will be able to express yourself more freely in Dari.


{{#seo:
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|title=Dari Grammar → Questions and Negations → Negation
 
|keywords=Dari grammar, negation in Dari, negating verbs in Dari, negating adjectives in Dari, negating nouns in Dari, Dari language, learning Dari, Dari course
|title=Dari Grammar Negation
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form negative sentences in Dari using negation words and expressions, as well as how to negate verbs and adjectives. Understand the cultural nuances of negation in Dari and practice through exercises.
 
|keywords=negation, Dari language, learning Dari, Dari grammar, negative sentences
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form negative sentences in Dari, focusing on negation words and expressions, as well as negating verbs and adjectives.
 
}}
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==Sources==
==Sources==

Latest revision as of 06:32, 2 August 2024

◀️ Asking Questions — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Weather Vocabulary ▶️

Dari-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Dari → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Negation

Welcome to our lesson on negation in Dari! This is an essential part of any language, as it allows you to express what is not true, what is absent, or what you don't want. Understanding negation will help you create more complex sentences and express your thoughts more clearly.

In this lesson, we will explore how to form negative sentences in Dari, focusing on negation words and expressions, and how to negate verbs and adjectives. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of how to communicate negation effectively in Dari.

Importance of Understanding Negation[edit | edit source]

Negation is crucial for effective communication. Whether you’re stating that you do not like a particular food, or you don’t understand something, knowing how to properly construct negative sentences is vital. In Dari, negation is generally straightforward, but it does have its nuances that we will cover in detail.

Structure of the Lesson[edit | edit source]

This lesson is structured as follows:

  • Introduction to Negation
  • Negation in Verbs
  • Negation in Adjectives
  • Common Negation Words and Expressions
  • Examples of Negation
  • Practice Exercises

Introduction to Negation[edit | edit source]

In Dari, negation is primarily achieved using the word "نه" (na), which translates to "no" or "not" in English. This word can be used in various contexts to negate verbs and adjectives.

Some examples of negation in sentences might include:

  • "من نمی‌دانم" (man nami-danam) - "I do not know."
  • "این کتاب نیست" (in kitab nist) - "This is not a book."

Negation in Verbs[edit | edit source]

When negating verbs in Dari, the structure typically involves placing "نمی" (nami) before the verb. This is similar to how "do not" is used in English.

Structure for Negating Verbs[edit | edit source]

  • Subject + نمی (nami) + Verb

Here are some examples:

Dari Pronunciation English
من نمی‌خوانم man nami-khanam I do not read
تو نمی‌روی to nami-ravi You do not go
او نمی‌داند u nami-danad He/She does not know
ما نمی‌خوریم ma nami-khorim We do not eat
آنها نمی‌خوابند anha nami-khaband They do not sleep

Negation in Adjectives[edit | edit source]

Negating adjectives in Dari is quite different from verbs. Instead of using "نمی" (nami), you often use "نیست" (nist), which means "is not" or "are not."

Structure for Negating Adjectives[edit | edit source]

  • Subject + نیست (nist) + Adjective

Here are some examples:

Dari Pronunciation English
این خوب نیست in khub nist This is not good
آن بزرگ نیست an bozorg nist That is not big
این رنگ زیبا نیست in rang ziba nist This color is not beautiful
او خوشحال نیست u khushhal nist He/She is not happy
این خانه کوچک نیست in khana kuchak nist This house is not small

Common Negation Words and Expressions[edit | edit source]

In addition to "نه" (na), "نمی" (nami), and "نیست" (nist), there are other expressions that are commonly used in negation.

  • "هرگز" (hargez) - Never
  • "هیچ" (hich) - None / No
  • "هرگز نمی" (hargez nami) - Never

Examples of Negation Expressions[edit | edit source]

Dari Pronunciation English
من هرگز نمی‌خوابم man hargez nami-khabam I never sleep
او هیچ ندارد u hich nadarad He/She has none
این هرگز خوب نیست in hargez khub nist This is never good
من هیچ وقت نمی‌آیم man hich waqt nami-ayam I never come
او هیچ غذایی نمی‌خورد u hich ghazayi nami-khorad He/She eats no food

Examples of Negation[edit | edit source]

Let's look at more complex examples that demonstrate negation in various contexts.

  • "من نمی‌دانم که او کجاست" (man nami-danam ke u kujast) - "I do not know where he/she is."
  • "این کتاب خوب نیست، اما آن یکی خوب است" (in kitab khub nist, ama an yeki khub ast) - "This book is not good, but that one is good."

To help you understand better, here are some additional examples:

Dari Pronunciation English
من هرگز نمی‌خوانم man hargez nami-khanam I never read
تو هیچ چیزی نمی‌دانی to hich chizi nami-dani You know nothing
او نمی‌تواند بیاید u nami-tanavad biayad He/She cannot come
ما هیچ وقت نمی‌خوابیم ma hich waqt nami-khabim We never sleep
آنها نمی‌خواهند بروند anha nami-khahanand beravand They do not want to go

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now it's time to put your knowledge to the test! Below are some exercises to reinforce what you’ve learned about negation in Dari.

Exercise 1: Negate the Following Verbs[edit | edit source]

Transform the following sentences into negative form.

1. من می‌رویم (I go)

2. او می‌خورد (He/She eats)

3. ما می‌دانیم (We know)

Solutions for Exercise 1[edit | edit source]

1. من نمی‌رویم (man nami-ravim) - I do not go

2. او نمی‌خورد (u nami-khorad) - He/She does not eat

3. ما نمی‌دانیم (ma nami-dananim) - We do not know

Exercise 2: Negate the Following Adjectives[edit | edit source]

Transform the following sentences into negative form.

1. این زیباست (This is beautiful)

2. آن خوب است (That is good)

3. این بزرگ است (This is big)

Solutions for Exercise 2[edit | edit source]

1. این زیبا نیست (in ziba nist) - This is not beautiful

2. آن خوب نیست (an khub nist) - That is not good

3. این بزرگ نیست (in bozorg nist) - This is not big

Exercise 3: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the following sentences with the correct negation.

1. او __________ می‌خوابد. (He/She does not sleep)

2. ما __________ می‌آییم. (We do not come)

3. این __________ کتاب است. (This is not a book)

Solutions for Exercise 3[edit | edit source]

1. او نمی‌خوابد (u nami-khabad) - He/She does not sleep

2. ما نمی‌آییم (ma nami-ayim) - We do not come

3. این نیست کتاب (in nist kitab) - This is not a book

Exercise 4: Translate to Dari[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Dari using negation.

1. I do not want to go.

2. She does not like this food.

3. They have no time.

Solutions for Exercise 4[edit | edit source]

1. من نمی‌خواهم بروم (man nami-khahham beravam) - I do not want to go.

2. او این غذا را دوست ندارد (u in ghaza ra dust nadarad) - She does not like this food.

3. آنها هیچ وقتی ندارند (anha hich waqt nadarad) - They have no time.

Exercise 5: Create Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

Write your own sentences using negation. Try to use both verbs and adjectives.

Solutions for Exercise 5[edit | edit source]

This exercise is subjective; however, make sure your sentences follow the negation structure you have learned.

Example:

  • من خوشحال نیستم (man khushhal nistam) - I am not happy.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations on completing the lesson on negation in Dari! You have learned how to form negative sentences using negation words and expressions, as well as how to negate verbs and adjectives.

Remember to practice regularly, as repetition is key to mastering any language. Keep building your vocabulary, and soon enough, you will be able to express yourself more freely in Dari.

Table of Contents - Dari Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Pronouns and Verbs


Numbers and Time


Nouns and Articles


Family and Relationships


Adjectives and Adverbs


Food and Dining


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Dari-speaking Countries and Traditions


Travel and Transportation


Questions and Negations


Weather and Seasons


Past and Future Tenses


Dari Literature and Media

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Asking Questions — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Weather Vocabulary ▶️

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