Language/Dari/Grammar/Past-Tense
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Welcome to the Dari Grammar lesson on the Past Tense!
In this lesson, you will learn how to form the past tense in Dari for both regular and irregular verbs, as well as understand its usage in sentences.
Knowledge of Dari grammar is essential for developing your language skills and fluency. By the end of this lesson, you will be equipped with the necessary tools to form and use the past tense correctly.
Don't miss the chance to check out these pages as you wrap up this lesson: Adjectives & Adverbs.
Regular Verbs in Past Tense[edit | edit source]
In Dari, regular verbs follow a predictable pattern for their past tense forms. To form the past tense for regular verbs, add the suffix -د to the stem of the verb.
For example:
| Dari | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| رفتن | raftan | to go |
| رفت | raft | went |
| خوردن | khordan | to eat |
| خورد | khorid | ate |
| خواندن | khwandan | to read |
| خواند | khwand | read |
As you can see in the table above, the past tense form of the verb "to go" (رفتن) is "raft" (رفت) and the past tense form of the verb "to eat" (خوردن) is "khorid" (خورد).
Notice that the suffix -د is added to the stem of the verb to form the past tense. It is important to note that, unlike in English, the past tense in Dari does not vary according to the subject of the sentence.
Let's look at some more examples:
- بردن (to bring) - برد (bord)
- شستن (to wash) - شست (shest)
- گرفتن (to take) - گرفت (gereft)
Irregular Verbs in Past Tense[edit | edit source]
Irregular verbs in Dari do not follow the typical pattern for forming the past tense. Instead, they have unique forms that are often memorized as vocabulary words.
Here are some examples:
| Dari | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| رفتن | raftan | to go |
| رفت | raft | went |
| دیدن | didan | to see |
| دید | did | saw |
| خواندن | khwandan | to read |
| خواند | khwand | read |
As you can see in the table above, the past tense form of the verb "to see" (دیدن) is "did" (دید) and the past tense form of the verb "to read" (خواندن) is "khwand" (خواند).
It is important to memorize the past tense forms of irregular verbs since they do not follow a predictable pattern.
Usage of Past Tense in Sentences[edit | edit source]
The past tense is used to describe actions or events that have already occurred in the past.
Here are some examples:
- دی رفتم به کتابخانه. (Yesterday, I went to the library.)
- فردا به مدرسه نمیرفتم. (I was not going to school tomorrow.)
- من ده دقیقه پیش خوردم. (I ate ten minutes ago.)
In the first sentence, "رفتم" (went) is the past tense form of the verb "to go" (رفتن). In the second sentence, "نمیرفتم" (was not going) is the negative past tense form of the verb "to go" (رفتن). In the third sentence, "خوردم" (ate) is the past tense form of the verb "to eat" (خوردن).
Conclusion[edit | edit source]
In this lesson, you learned how to form the past tense in Dari for both regular and irregular verbs, and understand its usage in sentences. You also learned that the past tense is used to describe actions or events that have already occurred in the past.
It is important to continue practicing to form the past tense correctly and increase your fluency in Dari. Keep on learning!
Now that you've completed this lesson, don't stop learning! Check out these related topics: Plurals & How to Use Have.
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Conditional Mood
- 0 to A1 Course
- Noun Gender and Plurals
- Pronouns
- Comparatives and Superlatives
- Basic Verb Conjugation
- Personal Pronouns
- Give your Opinion
- Adverbs
- How to Use Have
Sources[edit | edit source]
| ◀️ Seasons — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Future Tense ▶️ |