Difference between revisions of "Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/First-and-second-conditional"

Revision as of 22:24, 27 March 2023

Standard Arabic Grammar → Conditional sentences in Arabic → First and second conditional

As a Standard Arabic teacher with 20 years of experience, I'm excited to introduce you to the first and second conditional sentences in Arabic.

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Don't miss the chance to check out these pages as you wrap up this lesson: THE IMPERFECT & Basic Arabic phrases.

First Conditional

The first conditional in Arabic is used to talk about real or possible situations in the future. To form this conditional, we use the present tense for the "if" clause (حال) and the future tense for the result clause (نتيجة). Here are some examples:

Standard Arabic	Pronunciation	English
إذا عَمِلتُ جَيداً، سَأَنَجَحُ	idha 'amiltu jayidan, sa'anajahu	If I work hard, I will succeed.
إذا تَرَكتَ البَيتَ مُبَكِّراً، سَتَصِلُ إلى المَدْرَسَةِ مُبَكِّراً	idha tarakta albayt mubakkiran, sataṣilu ila almadrasati mubakkiran	If you leave the house early, you will arrive at school early.

As you can see, the word إذا (idha) means "if" and is followed by the verb in the present tense for the "if" clause. Then, we use the word سَ (sa) followed by the future tense verb in the result clause.

Second Conditional

The second conditional in Arabic is used to talk about imaginary and unlikely situations in the present or future. To form this conditional, we use the past tense verb in the "if" clause and the present tense verb in the result clause. Here are some examples:

Standard Arabic	Pronunciation	English
لَو كُنتُ ثائِراً، لَتَعامَلْتُ مَعكَ بِشِدَّةٍ	law kuntu tha'iran, lata'amaltu maeak bishiddatin	If I were rebellious, I would deal with you harshly.
لَو كانَ لَدي أَمْوالٌ كَثيرةٌ، لَسافَرتُ حَولَ العالَمِ	law kana laday 'amwalun kathiratun, lasafartu haula al'alam	If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world.

In this case, we use the word in the past tense لَو (law), meaning "if", and followed by the verb in the past tense for the "if" clause. Then, we use the present tense verb in the result clause.

Make sure to memorize these structures well, as they will be used frequently in Arabic conversations and writing.

Exercises

Now that you've learned about the first and second conditional sentences, test your knowledge with these exercises:

If I (study) Arabic well, I (speak) it fluently in one year. (Use the first conditional structure)
If I (be) the president, I (solve) all the problems in the country. (Use the second conditional structure)

Answers:

If I study Arabic well, I will speak it fluently in one year.
If I were the president, I would solve all the problems in the country.

Sources

Table of Contents - Standard Arabic Course - 0 to A1

Course Presentation

Introduction to Arabic script

Nouns and gender in Arabic

Verbs and conjugation in Arabic

Numbers and counting in Arabic

Everyday Arabic vocabulary

Food and drink vocabulary

Arabic customs and traditions

Arabic music and entertainment

Adjectives in Arabic

Pronouns in Arabic

Prepositions in Arabic

Interrogatives in Arabic

Adverbs in Arabic

Transportation vocabulary

Shopping and money vocabulary

Arabic literature and poetry

Arabic calligraphy and art

Weather vocabulary

Conditional sentences in Arabic

Passive voice in Arabic

Relative clauses in Arabic

Arabic adjectives and nouns

Arabic cinema and TV

Arabic fashion and beauty

Sports and leisure vocabulary

Other Lessons

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+<span link>Don't miss the chance to check out these pages as you wrap up this lesson: [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/THE-IMPERFECT|THE IMPERFECT]] & [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Basic-Arabic-phrases|Basic Arabic phrases]].</span>
 == First Conditional ==
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 * If I study Arabic well, I will speak it fluently in one year.
 * If I were the president, I would solve all the problems in the country.
 == Sources ==
 * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_sentence#Arabic Conditional sentence - Arabic]
 * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_grammar Arabic grammar]
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+==Other Lessons==
-==Related Lessons==
 * [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/NOMINATIVE-SEPARATE-PERSONAL-PRONOUNS|NOMINATIVE SEPARATE PERSONAL PRONOUNS]]
 * [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Question-words|Question words]]
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