Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/The-Greek-sentence-types

Elements of sentence construction in Modern Greek

Phrase is a group of words containing and does express a complete thought.

There are a variety of ways to classify sentences.

1. Affirmative Principle. In every true affirmative predicative sentence the subject term is satisfied
2. Negation is the opposite of an affirmative statement.

The simple negative particles are : όχι, δεν (δε), μην (μη) "no", "not" etc.  

Here are some negation expressions that you might come across or use very often :

• ποτέ, κανένας, ούτε, τίποτε, αποκλείεται, ουδέν, ούτε. = never, no one,  nor, nothing, excluded, nothing, never, no one

The four types of sentences

There are four types in Greek sentence, classified by their purpose:

• Declarative sentences make a statement. They tell us something.

They give us information, and they normally end with a full-stop/period.

• Imperative sentences give a command. They tell us to do something.

• Interrogative sentences ask a question. They ask us something.

They want information, and they always end with a question mark.

• Exclamative sentences express strong emotion/surprise—an exclamation— and they always end with an exclamation mark/point (!) 

Form	ΚΑΤΑΦΑΤΙΚΕΣ: affirmative	ΑΡΝΗΤΙΚΕΣ: negative
ΑΠΟΦΑΝΤΙΚΕΣ ή ΚΡΙΣΗΣ (.) declarative sentence	Η Μαρία μιλάει ελληνικά. Maria speaks  Greek	Ο Γιάννης δεν έχει ποδήλατο. John it did not have bicycle
ΠΡΟΣΤΑΚΤΙΚΕΣ ή ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑΣ (. ! ) imperative sentence	Παρακαλώ δώστε μου τα κλειδιά : Please hand me the keys	Να μην πάμε εκδρομή αύριο! We are not going on an excursion tomorrow
ΕΡΩΤΗΜΑΤΙΚΕΣ (;) interrogative sentence (?)	Πώς σε λένε? What is your name?	Ο Πέτρος δεν έχει βιβλία; Peter has no books?
ΕΠΙΦΩΝΗΜΑΤΙΚΕΣ ( ! ) exclamatory sentence	Αυτό ήταν τρομακτικό! That was scary!	Δεν το πιστεύω! I do not believe that

Negation in a sentence

Ελληνικά	English
Μην ανησυχείς!	Don't worry!
Δε μπορώ να θυμηθώ τη λέξη	I cannot remember the word
Δε μιλώ ελληνικά	I do not speak greek
Δεν ξέρω / Δεν γνωρίζω	I don't know!
Δε μιλάω ακόμα άπταιστα γαλλικά	I'm not fluent in French yet
Δεν ενδιαφέρομαι	I'm not interested!
Κανείς εδώ δε μιλάει Ελληνικά	No one here speaks Greek
Κανένα πρόβλημα	No problem!
Αυτό δεν είναι σωστό	This is not correct
Αυτό είναι λάθος	This is wrong
Δεν καταλαβαίνουμε	We don't understand
Δεν πρέπει να ξεχάσεις αυτή τη λέξη	You should not forget this word

Author

➡ Marianthi

• Ευγενική χορηγία που στοχεύει να βοηθήσει μαθητές ή μη, απανταχού της Γης, που επιδίδονται στην εκμάθηση της ελληνικής γλώσσας!
• Contribution bénévole visant à aider les personnes, partout dans le monde, qui sont engagées dans l'apprentissage de la langue grecque !
• Voluntary contribution aimed at helping people, all over the world, who are committed to learning the Greek language! 

Other Lessons

• Greek Deponent Verbs
• The final v
• Interjections
• Augment in modern Greek
• Participle spelling
• Verb To Be
• Verbes auxiliaires
• Direct and indirect speech
• Particles
• Imperative (Present)