Language/Tajik/Grammar/Using-Prepositions

◀️ Asking for Directions — Previous Lesson

Next Lesson — Using Conjunctions ▶️

Tajik → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Using Prepositions

Welcome to today's lesson on using prepositions in the Tajik language! Prepositions are essential building blocks that help us understand the relationships between different parts of a sentence. They tell us where something is, when it happens, and how things are connected. Imagine trying to describe your favorite place without saying where it is—pretty tricky, right? In this lesson, we will explore the most common prepositions in Tajik, learn how to use them in sentences, and practice together to solidify your understanding.

So, why are prepositions important? In Tajik, as in English, they help clarify the context of our conversations. They enrich our language and make our communication clearer and more precise. By the end of this lesson, you will not only recognize these prepositions but also confidently use them in your daily conversations.

Overview of Prepositions

Prepositions in Tajik can indicate various relationships, including:

• Location (e.g., "in," "on," "under")

• Time (e.g., "at," "before," "after")

• Direction (e.g., "to," "from," "towards")

• Manner (e.g., "with," "by")

Understanding these relationships is crucial as they form the backbone of constructing meaningful sentences.

Common Tajik Prepositions

Let's dive into some of the most commonly used prepositions in Tajik.

Tajik	Pronunciation	English
дар	dar	in
ба	ba	to
аз	az	from
бо	bo	with
назди	nazdi	near
зери	zeri	under
рӯи	rui	on
пас	pas	after
пеш	pesh	before
байни	bayni	between
дар назди	dar nazdi	at (location)
дар вақти	dar waqt	at (time)
дар хати	dar khati	along
барои	baroi	for
дар баробари	dar barobari	in front of
дар дохили	dar doxili	inside
берун	berun	outside

As you can see, many Tajik prepositions can be directly translated into English. However, their usage may vary, so it's essential to practice their application in sentences.

Examples of Prepositions in Sentences

Now, let’s see how these prepositions function in sentences. Here are some examples:

Tajik	Pronunciation	English
Ман дар мактаб ҳастам.	Man dar maktab hastam.	I am in school.
Вай ба хонаи ман меояд.	Vay ba khonai man meoyad.	He is coming to my house.
Китоби ман аз китобхона аст.	Kitobi man az kitobkhona ast.	My book is from the library.
Ман бо дӯстонам гап занам.	Man bo dustonam gap zanam.	I talk with my friends.
Он дар назди ман аст.	On dar nazdi man ast.	It is near me.
Саг зери миз аст.	Sag zeri miz ast.	The dog is under the table.
Корак дар рӯи миз аст.	Korak dar rui miz ast.	The book is on the table.
Вай пас аз хӯрок меояд.	Vay pas az khurok meoyad.	He comes after lunch.
Ман пеш аз хоб китоб мехонам.	Man pesh az khob kitob mekhonam.	I read a book before sleeping.
Калаф байни ман ва ту аст.	Kalaf bayni man va tu ast.	The problem is between you and me.

These examples illustrate how prepositions connect subjects and objects, enhancing the meaning of our sentences. Notice how the prepositions help clarify the relationships between the elements within each sentence.

Practice Exercises

Now that you have a solid understanding of Tajik prepositions and how to use them, it’s time to practice! Here are ten exercises to help you apply what you’ve learned:

1. Fill in the blanks with the correct preposition:

• Ман ________ мактаб ҳастам. (in)

• Вай ________ хонаи ман меояд. (to)

• Китоб ________ китобхона аст. (from)

2. Translate the following sentences into Tajik:

• The cat is under the bed.

• I will meet you after the class.

• The ball is on the table.

3. Match the prepositions with their English meanings:

• дар (dar)

• ба (ba)

• аз (az)

• бо (bo)

• назди (nazdi)

4. Choose the correct preposition to complete the sentence:

• Ман ________ дӯстонам (with/in).

• Вай ________ автобус меояд (by/from).

5. Construct sentences using the given prepositions:

• between (байни)

• for (барои)

• before (пеш)

6. Identify the prepositions in the following sentence:

• "Он дар хати ман аст, ва ман бо дӯстонам ҳастам."

7. Create your own sentences using at least three different prepositions:

• (Provide your sentences below)

8. Translate the following sentence into English:

• "Ман дар вақти хӯрдан китоб мехонам."

9. Rewrite the following sentence using a different preposition:

• "Китоб дар миз аст." (Change "дар" to "назди")

10. Fill in the correct preposition in the following context:

• "Пас ________ хӯрок, ман бо дӯстонам гап занам."

Solutions and Explanations

Here are the detailed solutions for the exercises:

1.

• дар

• ба

• аз

2.

• Писак зери кат аст.

• Ман пас аз синф бо ту мулоқот мекунам.

• Топи рӯи миз аст.

3.

• дар (in)

• ба (to)

• аз (from)

• бо (with)

• назди (near)

4.

• бо

• ба

5.

• Example sentences:

• Калаф байни ман ва ту аст.

• Ин хӯрок барои ман аст.

• Ман пеш аз хоб китоб мехонам.

6.

• Prepositions: дар, бо

7.

• (Sentences will vary)

8.

• "I read a book at mealtime."

9.

• "Китоб назди миз аст."

10.

• "Пас аз хӯрок, ман бо дӯстонам гап занам."

As you practice these exercises, remember that mastering prepositions will make your Tajik conversations much clearer. Keep experimenting with different sentences, and soon enough, using prepositions will feel as natural as breathing!

Let's wrap up this lesson. Prepositions may seem small, but they are mighty in their ability to change the meaning of sentences. Keep practicing, and don't hesitate to reach out with any questions you might have!

Table of Contents - Tajik Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

  ---

Alphabet and Pronunciation

• Introduction to the Tajik Alphabet
• Vowels and Consonants

  ---

Greetings and Introductions

• Basic Greetings
• Introducing Yourself

  ---

Basic Sentence Structure

• Subject-Object-Verb Order
• Negation in Sentences

  ---

Numbers and Time

• Numbers 1-20
• Telling Time

  ---

Nouns and Pronouns

• Gender and Plurality of Nouns
• Personal Pronouns

  ---

Family and Relationships

• Family Members
• Describing Relationships

  ---

Adjectives and Adverbs

• Using Adjectives
• Using Adverbs

  ---

Food and Dining

• Common Foods
• Eating and Drinking

  ---

Verbs and Tenses

• Present Tense
• Past Tense

  ---

Travel and Transportation

• Modes of Transportation
• Asking for Directions

  ---

Prepositions and Conjunctions

• Using Prepositions
• Using Conjunctions

  ---

Shopping and Money

• Shopping Vocabulary
• Money and Currency

  ---

Tajik Customs and Traditions

• Holidays and Celebrations
• Etiquette and Social Norms

Sources

• Introduction to Tajik Persian 4 – Differences in Grammar - Persian ...
• Learn Tajik - Grammar and Vocabulary

Other Lessons

• Subject Object Verb Order
• Future Tense
• 0 to A1 Course
• Pronouns
• Conditional Mood
• Personal Pronouns
• Gender and Plurality of Nouns
• Using Adjectives
• Adjectives

◀️ Asking for Directions — Previous Lesson

Next Lesson — Using Conjunctions ▶️