Language/Tajik/Grammar/Present-Tense

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Tajik → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Verbs and Tenses → Present Tense

In this lesson, we will learn how to conjugate verbs in the present tense in Tajik. The present tense is used to talk about actions that are happening now or actions that happen regularly. You will also learn how to use these verbs to form sentences in different contexts.

Once you've mastered this lesson, take a look at these related pages: Adjectives & Past Tense.

Conjugating Verbs in the Present Tense

To conjugate verbs in the present tense in Tajik, you need to follow these steps:

1. Take the infinitive form of the verb, which ends in "дан". For example, "гуфтан" (to say).
2. Remove the "дан" ending to get the stem of the verb. For "гуфтан," the stem is "гуфт-".
3. Add the appropriate present tense endings to the stem, depending on the subject of the sentence. For example, "ман гуфтам"- I say or "ук гуфташ"- you say.

Here are the present tense endings for each subject pronoun in Tajik:

Subject Pronoun	Present Tense Ending
ман (I)	-ам
тӯ (you - singular/informal)	-и
у (he/she/it)	-ад
мо (we)	-ем
шумо (you - plural/formal)	-ед
анҳо (they)	-анд

Let's see some examples of how to conjugate verbs in the present tense:

Tajik	Pronunciation	English Translation
Ман гуфтам.	man guftam.	I am saying.
У гуфтад.	u guftad.	He/she/it is saying.
Шумо гуфтаед.	shumo guftaed.	You (plural/formal) are saying.

Using Present Tense Verbs in Sentences

Now that you know how to conjugate verbs in the present tense, let's practice using them in sentences. Here are some examples:

1. Ман оҷизе мегӯям.
• man ojize megu'yam.
• I eat breakfast.
2. У китоб медиҳад.
• u kitob medihad.
• He/she/it reads a book.
3. Мо таъм мепазем.
• mo ta'm mepazem.
• We cook food.

Irregular Verbs in the Present Tense

Like in many other languages, Tajik has some irregular verbs in the present tense. Here are some examples:

• будан (to be):

Tajik	Pronunciation	English Translation
Ман ҳастам.	man hastam.	I am.
У будааст.	u budaa'st.	He/she/it is.
Мо мебошем.	mo mebo'shem.	We are.

• идоштан (to come):

Tajik	Pronunciation	English Translation
Ман меоям.	man meoya'm.	I come.
У меояд.	u meoyad.	He/she/it comes.
Мо меояем.	mo meoya'em.	We come.

Practice Exercises

To practice what you have learned in this lesson, try the following exercises:

Exercise 1: Conjugation

Conjugate the following verbs in the present tense:

1. роҳ рафтан (to go): ман ___
2. медиҳан (to give): анҳо ___
3. хӯрдан (to eat): шумо ___

Exercise 2: Complete the Sentences

Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verb in parentheses:

1. Ман тоҷикӣ ___ (забонидан).
2. Шумо рӯзано ___ (қабул кардан).
3. У қаламро ___ (нависад).

Exercise 3: Translate

Translate the following sentences from English to Tajik:

1. I am reading a book.
2. They are watching TV.
3. We are going to the park.

In this lesson, you have learned how to conjugate verbs in the present tense in Tajik and how to use them to form sentences in different contexts. Keep practicing to reinforce your understanding, and next time we will learn how to conjugate verbs in the past tense.

Table of Contents - Tajik Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

  ---

Alphabet and Pronunciation

• Introduction to the Tajik Alphabet
• Vowels and Consonants

  ---

Greetings and Introductions

• Basic Greetings
• Introducing Yourself

  ---

Basic Sentence Structure

• Subject-Object-Verb Order
• Negation in Sentences

  ---

Numbers and Time

• Numbers 1-20
• Telling Time

  ---

Nouns and Pronouns

• Gender and Plurality of Nouns
• Personal Pronouns

  ---

Family and Relationships

• Family Members
• Describing Relationships

  ---

Adjectives and Adverbs

• Using Adjectives
• Using Adverbs

  ---

Food and Dining

• Common Foods
• Eating and Drinking

  ---

Verbs and Tenses

• Present Tense
• Past Tense

  ---

Travel and Transportation

• Modes of Transportation
• Asking for Directions

  ---

Prepositions and Conjunctions

• Using Prepositions
• Using Conjunctions

  ---

Shopping and Money

• Shopping Vocabulary
• Money and Currency

  ---

Tajik Customs and Traditions

• Holidays and Celebrations
• Etiquette and Social Norms

Other Lessons

• Using Adverbs
• Using Conjunctions
• Pronouns
• Negation
• Using Adjectives
• Subject Object Verb Order
• Personal pronouns
• Conditional Mood
• Give your Opinion
• Using Prepositions

Sources

• Tajik grammar - Wikipedia
• Introduction to Tajik Persian 4 – Differences in Grammar - Persian ...
• Tajik language - Wikipedia

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