Language/Kirghiz/Grammar/Future-Tense

◀️ Past Tense — Previous Lesson

Next Lesson — Meals and Ingredients ▶️

Kirghiz → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Future Tense

Welcome to the "Future Tense" lesson of our "Complete 0 to A1 Kirghiz Course." In this lesson, we will embark on an exciting journey into the realm of Kirghiz grammar, focusing specifically on how to express actions that will happen in the future. Understanding the future tense is crucial for effective communication, as it allows you to discuss plans, predictions, and intentions.

The Kirghiz language has unique grammatical structures, and mastering the future tense will give you a solid foundation for forming sentences in various contexts. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to conjugate verbs in the future tense and form affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences with confidence.

Lesson Structure

To help you navigate through this lesson, here’s a brief outline of what we’ll cover:

1. Introduction to the Future Tense

2. Forming the Future Tense

3. Examples of Future Tense Conjugation

4. Affirmative, Negative, and Interrogative Forms

5. Practical Exercises

6. Conclusion

Introduction to the Future Tense

The future tense in Kirghiz is used to indicate actions that will take place after the present moment. This is essential for discussing your plans, hopes, and predictions. Just like in English, we use different structures to convey the future tense, and it’s important to grasp these differences to express yourself accurately.

In Kirghiz, the future tense can be formed by adding specific suffixes to the verb stem. In this lesson, we will break down these suffixes and practice their application in various contexts.

Forming the Future Tense

To form the future tense in Kirghiz, you typically add the suffix -ар or -ер depending on the vowel harmony and the last vowel of the verb stem.

Vowel Harmony Rule:

• If the last vowel of the verb stem is a, ä, o, or ö, you use -ар.

• If the last vowel is e, i, or u, you use -ер.

Here's a simple formula to remember:

• Verb Stem + Future Suffix

== Examples of Verb Conjugation in Future Tense

Let's look at how to conjugate some common verbs in the future tense. Below is a table with examples:

Kirghiz	Pronunciation	English
бару	baru	to go
барам	baram	I will go
барасың	barasyŋ	you (singular) will go
барабыз	barabyz	we will go
барасыз	barasyz	you (plural/formal) will go
баралбайт	baralbait	they will not go
көрүү	körüü	to see
көрөм	köröm	I will see
көрөсүң	köresüŋ	you (singular) will see
көрөбүз	körebiz	we will see
көрөсүз	köresüz	you (plural/formal) will see
көрбөйт	körböyt	they will not see

Now, let's dive deeper into forming affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences in the future tense.

Affirmative, Negative, and Interrogative Forms

== 1. Affirmative Sentences

Affirmative sentences in Kirghiz are straightforward. You simply use the subject followed by the conjugated verb in the future tense.

Example Structure:

• Subject + Future Tense Verb

Example:

• Мен барам. (Men baram.) - I will go.

== 2. Negative Sentences

To form negative sentences, we add the word жок (jok) after the verb.

Example Structure:

• Subject + Future Tense Verb + жок

Example:

• Мен барбайм. (Men barbajm.) - I will not go.

== 3. Interrogative Sentences

For questions, we can either change the intonation or add the question particle быбы (bıby) at the end of the sentence.

Example Structure:

• Subject + Future Tense Verb + быбы?

Example:

• Сен барасыңбы? (Sen barasyŋby?) - Will you go?

Practical Exercises

Now it’s time to put your knowledge to the test! Below are ten exercises designed to reinforce what you've learned about the future tense.

1. Conjugate the following verbs in the future tense:

• жазуу (to write)

• сүйлөө (to speak)

2. Translate the following sentences into Kirghiz:

• I will eat.

• They will not see.

3. Change the following affirmative sentences into negative:

• Мен келем. (I will come.)

• Алар уйкусун. (They will sleep.)

4. Create interrogative sentences using the following subjects:

• Сен

• Биз

5. Fill in the blanks with the correct future tense form:

• Мен ___ (баруу) кетем. (I will go.)

• Сен ___ (көрүү) көрөсүң. (You will see.)

6. Form sentences using the following subjects and verbs:

• Мен (to read)

• Сиз (to write)

7. Identify the errors in the following sentences and correct them:

• Мен барбай. (I will not go.)

• Сен көрөсүң жок? (Will you not see?)

8. Rewrite the following sentences in the future tense:

• Мен жейм. (I eat.)

• Алар жашайт. (They live.)

9. Translate the following into English:

• Мен барам.

• Сен барбайсың.

10. Conjugate the following verbs in the future tense, then create a sentence:

• билүү (to know)

• үйрөнүү (to learn)

Solutions and Explanations

1.

• жазам (I will write)

• сүйлөйм (I will speak)

2.

• Мен жеймин. (I will eat.)

• Алар көрбөйт. (They will not see.)

3.

• Мен келбейм. (I will not come.)

• Алар уйку көрбөйт. (They will not sleep.)

4.

• Сен барасыңбы? (Will you go?)

• Биз келебизби? (Will we come?)

5.

• Мен барам кетем. (I will go.)

• Сен көрөсүң. (You will see.)

6.

• Мен окуйм. (I will read.)

• Сиз жазасыз. (You will write.)

7.

• Correct: Мен барбайм. (I will not go.)

• Correct: Сен көрөсүңбү? (Will you see?)

8.

• Мен жеймин. (I will eat.)

• Алар жашашат. (They will live.)

9.

• I will go.

• Will you not see?

10.

• билем (I will know), e.g., Мен билем. (I will know.)

• үйрөнөм (I will learn), e.g., Мен үйрөнөм. (I will learn.)

Conclusion

Congratulations! You have successfully navigated the future tense in Kirghiz! Remember, practicing conjugation and sentence formation will enhance your fluency and confidence. Don't hesitate to review this lesson and the exercises to solidify your understanding. The future tense is a fundamental building block in your Kirghiz language journey, and with each lesson, you are getting closer to achieving A1 level.

Keep practicing, and soon you'll be able to express your future plans with ease!

Table of Contents - Kirghiz Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

  ---

Greetings and Introductions

• Basic Greetings
• Introducing Yourself

  ---

Basic Sentence Structure

• Subject-Object-Verb Order
• Negation

  ---

Numbers and Time

• Cardinal Numbers
• Ordinal Numbers
• Telling Time

  ---

Nouns and Pronouns

• Noun Cases
• Personal Pronouns
• Possessive Pronouns

  ---

Family and Relationships

• Family Members
• Relationship Status

  ---

Verbs and Tenses

• Present Tense
• Past Tense
• Future Tense

  ---

Food and Dining

• Meals and Ingredients
• Ordering at a Restaurant

  ---

Kirghiz Customs and Traditions

• Holidays and Celebrations
• Traditional Clothing

  ---

Travel and Transportation

• Modes of Transportation
• Asking for Directions

  ---

Adjectives and Adverbs

• Adjective Agreement
• Comparative and Superlative

  ---

Weather and Seasons

• Seasons
• Weather Conditions

  ---

Kirghiz Literature and Music

• Famous Writers and Poets
• Traditional Music and Instruments

Sources

• Kirghiz Grammar - Future Tense

Other Lessons

• Give your Opinion
• Questions
• Personal pronouns
• How to Use Have
• Negation
• Nouns
• Adjectives
• Gender
• Conditional Mood

◀️ Past Tense — Previous Lesson

Next Lesson — Meals and Ingredients ▶️