Language/Georgian/Grammar/Future-Tense

From Polyglot Club WIKI
< Language‎ | Georgian‎ | Grammar
Revision as of 15:12, 1 August 2024 by Maintenance script (talk | contribs) (Quick edit)
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Rate this lesson:
0.00
(0 votes)

◀️ Past Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Conditional and Imperative ▶️

Georgian-Language-PolyglotClub.png
GeorgianGrammar0 to A1 Course → Future Tense

Welcome to our lesson on the Future Tense in Georgian! This is an exciting topic, as it will help you communicate your thoughts and plans about what will happen. Whether you're making future arrangements or expressing your dreams, mastering the future tense is essential for your journey in learning Georgian.

In this lesson, we will cover the following points:

Importance of the Future Tense[edit | edit source]

The future tense plays a crucial role in everyday conversations. It allows you to express intentions, predictions, and plans. Knowing how to use the future tense will empower you to share your aspirations and talk about events that haven't happened yet. This skill is vital for effective communication, especially in a culture where hospitality and planning are highly valued.

Structure of the Future Tense[edit | edit source]

In Georgian, the future tense is formed differently than in English. The structure involves using the verb stem with specific suffixes based on the subject's person and number. We'll break down this formation step by step, so you can grasp it easily.

Future Tense Formation[edit | edit source]

Verb Stems[edit | edit source]

First, let’s look at the verb stems. The verb stem is the base form of the verb without any endings. Here's how it works with some common verbs:

Verb (Infinitive) Verb Stem English Translation
წერა (ts'era) წერ- (ts'er-) to write
ლაპარაკი (laparak'i) ლაპარაკ- (laparak-) to speak
წასვლა (ts'asvla) წასვლ- (ts'asvl-) to go
ჭამა (ch'ama) ჭამ- (ch'am-) to eat

Future Tense Suffixes[edit | edit source]

The future tense suffixes are added to the verb stem. The basic future tense endings in Georgian are as follows:

  • For First Person Singular (I): -ი (-i)
  • For Second Person Singular (you): -ებ (eb)
  • For Third Person Singular (he/she/it): -ებს (ebs)
  • For First Person Plural (we): -ებთ (ebt)
  • For Second Person Plural (you all): -ებთ (ebt)
  • For Third Person Plural (they): -ებენ (eben)

Example Conjugation[edit | edit source]

Let’s take the verb "წერა" (to write) and conjugate it into the future tense.

Subject Verb Form (Future Tense) Pronunciation English Translation
I ვწერ (vts'er) [vts'ɛr] I will write
You (singular) წერ (ts'er) [ts'ɛr] You will write
He/She/It წერს (ts'ers) [ts'ɛrs] He/She/It will write
We ვწერთ (vts'ert) [vts'ɛrt] We will write
You (plural) დაწერთ (dats'ert) [dats'ɛrt] You (plural) will write
They წერენ (ts'eren) [ts'ɛrɛn] They will write

Using the Future Tense[edit | edit source]

Once you've learned how to form the future tense, you can use it to express various ideas:

Making Plans[edit | edit source]

You can use the future tense to talk about your plans or intentions. For example:

  • I will go to the market.
  • Georgian: მე წავალ ბაზარში. (me ts'aval bazarshi.)
  • They will visit us next week.
  • Georgian: ისინი გვეწვევიან მომდევნო კვირას. (isini gvevriani momdevno qviras.)

Making Predictions[edit | edit source]

You can also use the future tense to make predictions:

  • It will rain tomorrow.
  • Georgian: ხვალ წვიმა იქნება. (khval ts'vima ikneba.)
  • She will be happy.
  • Georgian: ის ბედნიერი იქნება. (is bednieri ikneba.)

Expressing Intentions[edit | edit source]

Express your intentions clearly:

  • I will study Georgian.
  • Georgian: მე ვისწავლი ქართულს. (me visacvli kartuls.)
  • We will have dinner at 7 PM.
  • Georgian: ჩვენ ვივახშმებთ 7 საათზე. (chven vivakhshmebt 7 saatzze.)

Examples in Context[edit | edit source]

Let’s look at some more examples to reinforce your understanding:

Georgian Pronunciation English
მე ვწერ წერილს. me vts'er ts'erils. I will write a letter.
შენ წაიყვან შენს მეგობარს. shen ts'ayvans shens megobars. You will take your friend.
ის გაწვდილი იქნება. is gats'vdlili ikneba. He will be surprised.
ჩვენ მეტად ვიმოგზაურებთ. chven metad vimogzaurebt. We will travel more.
ისინი წავიდნენ ქალაქში. isini ts'avidnen kalakshi. They will go to the city.

Exercises[edit | edit source]

Here are some exercises to practice what you’ve learned about the future tense.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences with the correct future tense form of the verbs in parentheses.

1. მე (წერ) __________ წერილი.

2. შენ (გახდი) __________ ბრწყინვალე.

3. ის (მოდიხარ) __________ ხვალ.

4. ჩვენ (წავალთ) __________ ბათუმში.

5. ისინი (ნახავთ) __________ ახალ ფილმზე.

Exercise 2: Rewrite the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Rewrite the following sentences in the future tense.

1. მე ვწერ წერილს.

2. ის მოდის.

3. ჩვენ ვიქნებით სახლის პატრონები.

4. შენ გიყვარს ეს წიგნები.

5. ისინი თამაშობენ ფეხბურთს.

Exercise 3: Translate to Georgian[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences to Georgian.

1. I will eat dinner at 8 PM.

2. You will read a book.

3. They will come to the party.

4. She will run in the park.

5. We will learn new words.

Exercise 4: Match the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Match the Georgian sentences with their English translations.

1. მე ვწერ წერილს.

2. შენ წავალ ბათუმში.

3. ის ჩამოიყვანს.

4. ჩვენ ვიქნებით ბედნიერები.

5. ისინი დაიწყებენ სწავლას.

a. They will start studying.

b. I will write a letter.

c. He will come down.

d. You will go to Batumi.

e. We will be happy.

Exercise 5: Create Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

Create five sentences in Georgian using the future tense. Share them with a partner and discuss their meanings.

Solutions to Exercises[edit | edit source]

Here are the solutions for the exercises.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

1. მე (წერ) ვწერ წერილი.

2. შენ (გახდი) გახდები ბრწყინვალე.

3. ის (მოდიხარ) მოდი ხვალ.

4. ჩვენ (წავალთ) წავალთ ბათუმში.

5. ისინი (ნახავთ) ნახავენ ახალ ფილმზე.

Exercise 2: Rewrite the Sentences[edit | edit source]

1. მე ვწერ წერილს. → მე ვწერ განახლებას.

2. ის მოდის. → ის მოვა.

3. ჩვენ ვიქნებით სახლის პატრონები. → ჩვენ ვიქნებით სახლის პატრონები.

4. შენ გიყვარს ეს წიგნები. → შენ გიყვარვა ეს წიგნები.

5. ისინი თამაშობენ ფეხბურთს. → ისინი ითამაშებენ ფეხბურთს.

Exercise 3: Translate to Georgian[edit | edit source]

1. I will eat dinner at 8 PM. → მე ვივახშმებ 8 საათზე.

2. You will read a book. → შენ წაიკითხავ წიგნს.

3. They will come to the party. → ისინი მოვლენ წვეულებაზე.

4. She will run in the park. → ის გაიქცევა პარკში.

5. We will learn new words. → ჩვენ ვისწავლით ახალ სიტყვებს.

Exercise 4: Match the Sentences[edit | edit source]

1. მე ვწერ წერილს. → b. I will write a letter.

2. შენ წავალ ბათუმში. → d. You will go to Batumi.

3. ის ჩამოიყვანს. → c. He will come down.

4. ჩვენ ვიქნებით ბედნიერები. → e. We will be happy.

5. ისინი დაიწყებენ სწავლას. → a. They will start studying.

Exercise 5: Create Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

(Answers will vary based on students' creativity.)

Congratulations on reaching the end of this lesson on the future tense! Keep practicing, and soon you’ll be able to speak about your future plans effortlessly. It's all about regular practice and using what you've learned in real-life situations. Remember, making mistakes is part of the learning process, so don't hesitate to use your newfound skills.

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Past Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Conditional and Imperative ▶️

Contributors

Maintenance script


Create a new Lesson