Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/Lesson-5:-Present-tense-conjugation-of-regular-verbs/fi
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Present tense conjugation of regular verbs[edit | edit source]
In the previous lessons, we learned about the present tense and the verb "to be". In this lesson, we will focus on the present tense conjugation of regular verbs.
Regular verbs in Iranian Persian are verbs that follow a specific pattern when conjugated. The present tense conjugation of regular verbs consists of adding specific suffixes to the verb stem.
Conjugation of regular verbs in the present tense[edit | edit source]
The present tense conjugation of regular verbs in Iranian Persian is formed by adding specific suffixes to the verb stem. The verb stem is the base of the verb, which is obtained by removing the infinitive suffix "-an".
Here are the present tense conjugations of the regular verb "kardan" (to do):
| Iranian Persian | Pronunciation | Finnish |
|---|---|---|
| کار می‌کنم | kɒːr miːkænæm | teen työtä |
| کار می‌کنی | kɒːr miːkæniː | teet työtä |
| کار می‌کند | kɒːr miːkænd | tekee työtä |
| کار می‌کنیم | kɒːr miːkæniːm | teemme työtä |
| کار می‌کنید | kɒːr miːkæniːd | teette työtä |
| کار می‌کنند | kɒːr miːkænd | tekevät työtä |
As you can see from the table, the present tense conjugation of "kardan" is formed by adding the present tense suffixes to the verb stem. The present tense suffixes are "-am", "-i", "-ad", "-im", "-id", and "-and".
To conjugate regular verbs in the present tense, follow these steps:
- Remove the infinitive suffix "-an" from the verb to obtain the verb stem
- Add the present tense suffixes to the verb stem according to the subject pronoun
Here is a table with the present tense suffixes:
| Person | Suffix |
|---|---|
| 1st singular | -am |
| 2nd singular | -i |
| 3rd singular | -ad |
| 1st plural | -im |
| 2nd plural | -id |
| 3rd plural | -and |
Affirmative statements[edit | edit source]
To make a simple affirmative statement in the present tense, use the following structure:
<verb stem> + <present tense suffix>
Here are some examples of affirmative statements in the present tense:
- من کار می‌کنم. (I am working.)
- تو کار می‌کنی. (You are working.)
- او کار می‌کند. (He/She is working.)
- ما کار می‌کنیم. (We are working.)
- شما کار می‌کنید. (You are working.)
- آن‌ها کار می‌کنند. (They are working.)
Negative statements[edit | edit source]
To make a simple negative statement in the present tense, use the following structure:
<subject pronoun> + <negation particle> + <present tense suffix> + <verb stem>
Here are some examples of negative statements in the present tense:
- من کار نمی‌کنم. (I am not working.)
- تو کار نمی‌کنی. (You are not working.)
- او کار نمی‌کند. (He/She is not working.)
- ما کار نمی‌کنیم. (We are not working.)
- شما کار نمی‌کنید. (You are not working.)
- آن‌ها کار نمی‌کنند. (They are not working.)
The negation particle in Iranian Persian is "نمی".
Interrogative statements[edit | edit source]
To make a simple interrogative statement in the present tense, use the following structure:
<interrogative particle> + <present tense suffix> + <verb stem> + <subject pronoun>
Here are some examples of interrogative statements in the present tense:
- آیا من کار می‌کنم؟ (Am I working?)
- آیا تو کار می‌کنی؟ (Are you working?)
- آیا او کار می‌کند؟ (Is he/she working?)
- آیا ما کار می‌کنیم؟ (Are we working?)
- آیا شما کار می‌کنید؟ (Are you working?)
- آیا آن‌ها کار می‌کنند؟ (Are they working?)
The interrogative particle in Iranian Persian is "آیا".
Conclusion[edit | edit source]
In this lesson, we learned how to conjugate regular verbs in the present tense and how to make simple statements in the affirmative, negative, and interrogative form. Keep practicing to master the present tense conjugation of regular verbs in Iranian Persian!
Muut oppitunnit[edit | edit source]
- 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Lesson 15: Sanajärjestys menneissä aikamuodoissa
- Lesson 4: Present tense conjugation of the verb to be
- 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Lesson 14: Past tense of regular verbs
- Lesson 9: Possessive pronouns
- 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Lesson 3: Word order in Persian sentences
- 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Lesson 8: Direct object pronouns
- 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Lesson 21: Using infinitives
- 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Lesson 22: Complex sentences and conjunctions
- 0 to A1 Course
- 0 to A1 Course → Grammar → Opetus 20: Käskymuodon käyttö