Language/Dari/Grammar/Asking-Questions

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Dari → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Asking Questions

Asking questions is an essential part of learning a new language, as it allows you to communicate and gather information. In Dari, there are several question words that are used to form questions. In this lesson, we will learn how to use these question words and form basic questions in Dari.


Take some time to dive into these other pages after completing this lesson: Conjunctions & How to Use Have.

Question Words

Question words are words that are used to ask questions. In Dari, the most common question words are:

  • کيست (**kist**): Who?
  • چيست (**chist**): What?
  • کجا (**kojā**): Where?
  • چرا (**charā**): Why?
  • چگونه (**cheghune**): How?
  • کي (**ke**): Whom?
  • چند (**chand**): How many?
  • کدام (**kodām**): Which?

Let's take a look at some examples:

Dari Pronunciation English
کيست؟ **kist?** Who?
چيست؟ **chist?** What?
کجا؟ **kojā?** Where?
چرا؟ **charā?** Why?
چگونه؟ **cheghune?** How?
کي را؟ **ke rā?** Whom?
چند؟ **chand?** How many?
کدام؟ **kodām?** Which?

Forming Questions

To form a question in Dari, you simply need to add the appropriate question word at the beginning of the sentence. For example:

  • تو مهندس هستي. (**Tu mohandes hasti.**) - You are an engineer.
  • چيست؟ تو مهندس هستي؟ (**Chist? Tu mohandes hasti?**) - What? Are you an engineer?

Note that in Dari, the verb does not change its form to form a question. It remains in the present tense and the question word is used to indicate that it is a question.

Let's take a look at some more examples:

  • او دانشجو است. (**Ou dāneshjou ast.**) - He is a student.
  • کيست؟ او دانشجو است؟ (**Kist? Ou dāneshjou ast?**) - Who? Is he a student?
  • اين يک ماشين است. (**In yek māshin ast.**) - This is a car.
  • چيست؟ اين يک ماشين است؟ (**Chist? In yek māshin ast?**) - What? Is this a car?

Short Questions

In Dari, short questions are commonly used. Short questions are questions that can be answered with a simple "yes" or "no". To form a short question in Dari, you simply need to add the word "آيا" (**āyā**) at the beginning of the sentence.

For example:

  • تو مهندس هستي. (**Tu mohandes hasti.**) - You are an engineer.
  • آيا تو مهندس هستي؟ (**Āyā tu mohandes hasti?**) - Are you an engineer?

Note that the verb "هستي" (hasti) has been moved to the end of the sentence to form a short question.

Let's take a look at some more examples:

  • او دانشجو است. (**Ou dāneshjou ast.**) - He is a student.
  • آيا او دانشجو است؟ (**Āyā ou dāneshjou ast?**) - Is he a student?
  • اين يک ماشين است. (**In yek māshin ast.**) - This is a car.
  • آيا اين يک ماشين است؟ (**Āyā in yek māshin ast?**) - Is this a car?

Using Question Words in Sentences

To use question words in a sentence, simply add them at the beginning of the sentence. For example:

  • کي دانشجوي دانشگاه است؟ (**Ki dāneshjoui dāneshgāh ast?**) - Who is a university student?

Note that in this example, the question word "کي" (**ki**) is used at the beginning of the sentence to ask "who".

Let's take a look at some more examples:

  • چرا از تليفون استفاده نمي‌کني؟ (**Charā az telephone estefāde nemikonī?**) - Why don't you use the phone?
  • چند دانشجوي دانشگاه هستند؟ (**Chand dāneshjoui dāneshgāh hastand?**) - How many university students are there?

In these examples, the question words "چرا" (**charā**) and "چند" (**chand**) are used at the beginning of the sentence to ask "why" and "how many" respectively.

Negation

Negation is the opposite of affirmation. In Dari, negation is usually formed by adding the word "نه" (**na**) before the verb. For example:

  • تو مهندس هستي. (**Tu mohandes hasti.**) - You are an engineer.
  • تو مهندس نيستي. (**Tu mohandes nistī.**) - You are not an engineer.

Note that the word "نه" (**na**) has been added before the verb "هستي" (**hasti**) to form the negation.

Let's take a look at some more examples:

  • اين يک ماشين است. (**In yek māshin ast.**) - This is a car.
  • اين يک ماشين نيست. (**In yek māshin nist.**) - This is not a car.
  • تو خسته هستي. (**Tu khaste hasti.**) - You are tired.
  • تو خسته نيستي. (**Tu khaste nistī.**) - You are not tired.

Conclusion

In this lesson, we have learned how to use question words and form basic questions in Dari. We have also learned how to use negation to express the opposite of affirmative sentences. Keep practicing forming questions and negation in Dari, as it is an essential part of communication. Good luck!


With this lesson finished, you may want to explore these additional pages: Pronouns & Describing People and Things.

Table of Contents - Dari Course - 0 to A1


Greetings and Introductions


Pronouns and Verbs


Numbers and Time


Nouns and Articles


Family and Relationships


Adjectives and Adverbs


Food and Dining


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Dari-speaking Countries and Traditions


Travel and Transportation


Questions and Negations


Weather and Seasons


Past and Future Tenses


Dari Literature and Media


Other Lessons


Sources


Contributors

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