Language/Odia/Grammar/Comparatives-and-Superlatives
Comparatives and Superlatives in Odia
Adjectives describe a noun or pronoun. In Odia language, adjectives inflect for case, gender and number. In this lesson, you will learn how to form comparative and superlative adjectives in Odia.
Comparative Adjectives in Odia
Comparative adjectives are used to compare two nouns or pronouns. To form a comparative adjective in Odia, you need to add the suffix -ତରି (-tari) to the adjective.
Let's see some examples:
| Odia | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| ହଳକା | halaka | light |
| ହଳକରେ | halakare | lighter |
| ବିଶେଷ | bisesha | special |
| ବିଶେଷତରି | bisesha-tari | more special |
Note that if the adjective ends in a vowel, you need to add -ରେ (-re), rather than -ତରି (-tari), to form the comparative form.
Let's see some examples:
| Odia | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| ସହଜ | sahaja | easy |
| ସହଜରେ | sahajare | easier |
Superlative Adjectives in Odia
Superlative adjectives are used to compare three or more nouns or pronouns. To form a superlative adjective in Odia, you need to add the suffix -ତମ (-tama) to the adjective.
Let's see some examples:
| Odia | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| ପତ୍ତରିକାରଣ | pattarikarana | newspaper |
| ପତ୍ତରିକାରନ୍ତମ | pattarikarantama | newspaper (the newest) |
| ଜଣେଇକି | janeiki | popular |
| ଜଣେଇକୁଡ଼ିଯେ | janeikuriye | most popular |
Formation of Irregular Comparatives and Superlatives
In Odia language, some adjectives have irregular comparative and superlative forms. Let's see some of them in the following table:
| Odia | Pronunciation | English | Comparative | Superlative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ଉନ୍ନତ | unnata | high | ଉଚ୍ଚତରି | ଉଚ୍ଚତମ |
| ଗମ୍ଭୀର | gambhira | deep | ଗାହୁଛତରି | ଗାହୁଛତମ |
| ନୀଳ | nila | blue | ନୀଳିତରି | ନୀଳିତମ |
| ଆର୍ଜନୀୟ | arjanīya | worthy | ଅଧିକ ଆର୍ଜନୀୟ | ଅସାଧାରଣତମ ଆର୍ଜନୀୟ |
Negative Comparatives and Superlatives
In Odia language, you can form negative comparative and superlative adjectives by adding the negative particle ନା (na) after the adjective and before the suffixes -ତରି (-tari) or -ତମ (-tama).
Let's see some examples:
| Odia | Pronunciation | English | Comparative | Superlative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ନିର୍ଲେଷ | nirleşa | flawless | ନିର୍ଲେଷତରି | ନିର୍ଲେଷତମ |
| ନିରସ୍ତ | nirasta | disappointed | ନିରସ୍ତତରି | ନିରସ୍ତତମ |
Practice
Now, practice forming comparative and superlative adjectives in Odia language. Write down some adjectives and then form their comparative and superlative forms in Odia. Here are some simple Odia adjectives to start:
- ବଡ଼ା (baŗa) – big
- ଛୋଟ (choţa) – small
- ସୁନ୍ଦର (sundara) - beautiful
- କଠିନ (kaţhina) - hard
Conclusion
In this lesson, you have learned how to form comparative and superlative adjectives in Odia language. You have seen that you need to add -ତରି (-tari) to form comparative adjectives and -ତମ (-tama) to form superlative adjectives. You have also learned some irregular comparative and superlative adjectives in Odia.