Language/Hebrew/Grammar/Review-of-Verbs

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◀️ Review of Adjectives — Previous Lesson

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Hebrew Grammar → Grammar Review → Review of Verbs

As a Hebrew language teacher with 20 years of experience, I know that learning the intricacies of Hebrew grammar can be challenging. However, reviewing the concepts we have covered so far is crucial to mastering the language. In this lesson, we will review the concepts of verbs, including conjugation in present, past, and future tenses, and the use of auxiliary verbs.


Take a moment to explore these relevant pages as you conclude this lesson: Reading Practice & Review of Adjectives.

Verbs

Verbs are one of the most important parts of Hebrew grammar. Verbs describe actions, events, and states of being. In Hebrew, verbs change based on the tense, number, and gender of the subject.

      1. Types of Verbs ###

There are two main types of verbs in Hebrew: weak verbs and strong verbs. Weak verbs are verbs that follow a regular conjugation pattern, while strong verbs do not follow a regular pattern and must be memorized individually.

      1. Conjugation of Verbs ###

In Hebrew, verbs are conjugated based on the tense, number, and gender of the subject. There are three main tenses in Hebrew: present, past, and future.

        1. Present Tense ####

The present tense is used to describe actions that are currently happening or happen regularly. To conjugate a verb in present tense, we take the root of the verb and add a set of endings based on the person, number, and gender of the subject. Here is an example of the conjugation of the root “למד” (to learn) in present tense:

Hebrew Pronunciation English
אֲנִי לוֹמֵד ani lo-med I learn
אַתָּה לוֹמֵד ata lo-med you (masculine singular) learn
אַתְּ לוֹמֶדֶת at lo-medet you (feminine singular) learn
הוּא לוֹמֵד hu lo-med he learns
הִיא לוֹמֶדֶת hi lo-medet she learns
אֲנַחְנוּ לוֹמְדִים anachnu lo-medim we learn
אַתֶּם לוֹמְדִים atem lo-medim you (masculine plural) learn
אַתֶּן לוֹמְדוֹת aten lo-medot you (feminine plural) learn
הֵם לוֹמְדִים hem lo-medim they (masculine) learn
הֵן לוֹמְדוֹת hen lo-medot they (feminine) learn
        1. Past Tense ####

The past tense is used to describe actions that have already happened. In Hebrew, past tense verbs are conjugated based on the gender and number of the subject. Weak verbs follow a regular pattern, while strong verbs do not follow a regular pattern and must be memorized individually. Here is an example of the conjugation of the regular weak verb “לָמַד” (to learn) in past tense:

Hebrew Pronunciation English
אֲנִי לַמְדְתִּי ani lamadeti I learned
אַתָּה לַמַּדְתָּ ata lamadta you (masculine singular) learned
אַתְּ לַמְדְתְּ at lamadet you (feminine singular) learned
הוּא לָמַד hu lamad he learned
הִיא לָמְדָה hi lamda she learned
אֲנַחְנוּ לַמַּדְנוּ anachnu lamadnu we learned
אַתֶּם לַמַּדְתֶּם atem lamadtem you (masculine plural) learned
אַתֶּן לָמַדְתֶּן aten lamadten you (feminine plural) learned
הֵם לָמְדוּ hem lamdu they (masculine) learned
הֵן לָמְדוּ hen lamdu they (feminine) learned
        1. Future Tense ####

The future tense is used to describe actions that will happen in the future. In Hebrew, future tense verbs are conjugated based on the gender and number of the subject. Here is an example of the conjugation of the root “למד” (to learn) in future tense:

Hebrew Pronunciation English
אֲנִי אֶלַּמֵּד ani elammed I will learn
אַתָּה תֶּלַמֵּד ata telammed you (masculine singular) will learn
אַתְּ תִּלְמְדִי at tilmedi you (feminine singular) will learn
הוּא יִלְמַד hu yilmed he will learn
הִיא תִּלְמַד hi tilmed she will learn
אֲנַחְנוּ נֶלַמֵּד anachnu nelammed we will learn
אַתֶּם תִּלְמְדוּ atem tilmedu you (masculine plural) will learn
אַתֶּן תִּלְמַדְנָה aten tilmedna you (feminine plural) will learn
הֵם יִלְמְדוּ hem yilmedu they (masculine) will learn
הֵן יִלְמַדְנָה hen yilmedna they (feminine) will learn
        1. Irregular Verbs ####

There are many irregular verbs in Hebrew that must be memorized individually. Here are a few examples:

  • "לָכַד" (to catch)
  • "לָקַח" (to take)
  • "עָשָׂה" (to do)
  • "הָיָה" (to be)
  • "יָצָא" (to go out)
  • "בָּא" (to come)
      1. Auxiliary Verbs ###

Auxiliary verbs are verbs that are used to form compound tenses or to express modality. In Hebrew, the most common auxiliary verb is "הָיָה" (to be). It is used to form the past tense in Hebrew. For example, to say "I ate," we would say "אָכַלְתִּי" (akhal-ti). However, to say "I was eating," we would use the auxiliary verb "הָיָה" (haya). So, "I was eating" would be "אָכַלְתִּי הָיִיתִי" (akhal-ti hayiti).

    1. Conclusion ##

Verbs are an essential component of Hebrew grammar. To master Hebrew, it is important to review and understand the concepts we have covered, including the conjugation of verbs in present, past, and future tenses, and the use of auxiliary verbs.

Sources

Table of Contents - Hebrew Course - 0 to A1


Introduction to Hebrew Alphabet


Everyday Hebrew Vocabulary


Hebrew Grammar


Israeli Culture


Hebrew Expressions


Hebrew Numbers


Hebrew Geography and Landmarks


Hebrew Literature and Language


Grammar Review

Videos

Hebrew Grammar and Syntax Review for Exegesis - YouTube

Review Game for Lessons 89-90 - Biblical Hebrew - YouTube

Review Game for Lessons 85-86 - Biblical Hebrew - YouTube

Other Lessons


◀️ Review of Adjectives — Previous Lesson

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