Language/Italian/Vocabulary/Numbers-and-Dates

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Italian → Vocabulary → 0 to A1 Course → Numbers and Dates

Welcome to the "Numbers and Dates" lesson! As you embark on your journey to learn Italian, understanding numbers and how to express dates is foundational. Numbers are not just about counting; they help you navigate daily life in Italy, whether you’re shopping at the local market or checking the date on a beautiful postcard from Venice. Dates are crucial for planning your visit to museums, festivals, and restaurants in Italy, as well as for understanding historical events. In this lesson, we will cover the following topics:

  • Counting in Italian: From basic numbers to higher ones.
  • Telling Dates: How to say the day, month, and year.
  • Cultural Insights: Interesting facts about how Italians use numbers and dates in their daily life.
  • Practice Exercises: To reinforce what you've learned.

Counting in Italian

Let's dive into counting! Understanding numbers is essential for various everyday situations, such as shopping, asking for prices, or making reservations. Here's a breakdown of the basic numbers in Italian.

Basic Numbers

The basic numbers from 0 to 20 are the building blocks of counting. Let’s take a look at them:

Italian Pronunciation English
zero /ˈdzɛ.ro/ zero
uno /ˈu.no/ one
due /ˈdu.e/ two
tre /tre/ three
quattro /ˈkwat.tro/ four
cinque /ˈtʃin.kwe/ five
sei /sɛi/ six
sette /ˈsɛt.te/ seven
otto /ˈot.to/ eight
nove /ˈnɔ.ve/ nine
dieci /ˈdje.tʃi/ ten
undici /ˈun.di.tʃi/ eleven
dodici /ˈdo.di.tʃi/ twelve
tredici /ˈtre.di.tʃi/ thirteen
quattordici /kwatˈtor.di.tʃi/ fourteen
quindici /ˈkwin.di.tʃi/ fifteen
sedici /ˈse.di.tʃi/ sixteen
diciassette /di.tʃasˈsɛt.te/ seventeen
diciotto /diˈtʃot.to/ eighteen
diciannove /di.tʃanˈno.ve/ nineteen
venti /ˈven.ti/ twenty

Once you’re comfortable with these numbers, you can build upon them to form larger numbers.

Numbers 21 to 100

From 21 to 100, numbers in Italian follow a pattern. Here are some examples:

Italian Pronunciation English
ventuno /venˈtu.no/ twenty-one
ventidue /ven.tiˈdu.e/ twenty-two
trenta /ˈtrɛn.ta/ thirty
quaranta /kwaˈran.ta/ forty
cinquanta /tʃinˈkwan.ta/ fifty
sessanta /sesˈsan.ta/ sixty
settanta /setˈtan.ta/ seventy
ottanta /otˈtan.ta/ eighty
novanta /noˈvan.ta/ ninety
cento /ˈtʃɛn.to/ one hundred

Note: For numbers between 21 and 29, you combine the tens and units with "e" (and). For example, ventitré (twenty-three) is formed by venti + tre.

Telling Dates

Now that we can count, let’s learn how to tell dates in Italian. Knowing how to express dates will help you in various contexts, from planning trips to understanding historical contexts.

Days of the Week

First, let’s look at the days of the week:

Italian Pronunciation English
lunedì /lun.eˈdi/ Monday
martedì /mar.teˈdi/ Tuesday
mercoledì /mer.ko.leˈdi/ Wednesday
giovedì /dʒo.veˈdi/ Thursday
venerdì /ve.nɛrˈdi/ Friday
sabato /ˈsa.ba.to/ Saturday
domenica /doˈme.ni.ka/ Sunday

Note: In Italian, the week starts on Monday, which is a difference from some cultures where it starts on Sunday.

Months of the Year

Next, here are the months of the year:

Italian Pronunciation English
gennaio /dʒenˈna.jo/ January
febbraio /febˈbra.jo/ February
marzo /ˈmar.tso/ March
aprile /aˈpri.le/ April
maggio /ˈmad.dʒo/ May
giugno /ˈdʒun.jo/ June
luglio /ˈluʎ.jo/ July
agosto /aˈɡos.to/ August
settembre /seˈtem.bre/ September
ottobre /okˈto.bre/ October
novembre /noˈvem.bre/ November
dicembre /diˈtʃem.bre/ December

To say a date in Italian, you typically structure it as follows: "Il [number] [month] [year]". For example, "Il 5 maggio 2023" means "The 5th of May 2023".

Cultural Insights

Numbers and dates are not just functional; they are steeped in Italian culture. For instance, many Italians celebrate their name days, which are based on the feast days of saints. This is often more significant than a birthday for many people, particularly in southern regions like Sicily and Calabria. Another interesting cultural aspect is how Italians often use the 24-hour clock for official times. So, instead of saying "2 PM," they might say "14:00." This can be quite handy when navigating public transportation schedules! Additionally, did you know that in Italy, it’s common to refer to the first of the month as "il primo"? For example, "Il primo gennaio" means "the first of January." This is a cultural nuance that reflects how language can embody local traditions and practices.

Summary

In this lesson, we covered:

  • Basic numbers from 0 to 100, including how to combine numbers.
  • How to express days of the week and months of the year in Italian.
  • The structure for telling dates.
  • Cultural insights regarding the significance of dates and the use of the 24-hour clock.

Practice Exercises

Now it’s time to apply what you’ve learned! Below are some exercises for you to practice.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks

Fill in the blanks with the correct numbers in Italian.

  1. I have ___ apples. (5)
  2. There are ___ days in a week. (7)
  3. My birthday is on ___ April. (10)

Solutions:

  1. cinque
  2. sette
  3. dieci

Exercise 2: Date Formation

Translate the following dates into Italian.

  1. The 3rd of March 2025
  2. The 1st of January 2024

Solutions:

  1. Il 3 marzo 2025
  2. Il primo gennaio 2024

Exercise 3: Matching Days

Match the days of the week with their English translations.

  1. lunedì a. Saturday
  2. martedì b. Wednesday
  3. mercoledì c. Monday

Solutions:

  1. lunedì - c
  2. martedì - a
  3. mercoledì - b

Exercise 4: Number Translation

Translate the following numbers into Italian.

  1. 15
  2. 22
  3. 100

Solutions:

  1. quindici
  2. ventidue
  3. cento

Exercise 5: Sentence Creation

Create sentences using the following dates.

  1. 2nd of February
  2. 7th of July

Solutions:

  1. Il 2 febbraio.
  2. Il 7 luglio.

Exercise 6: Days of the Week

Write the Italian names for the following days.

  1. Friday
  2. Sunday

Solutions:

  1. venerdì
  2. domenica

Exercise 7: Month Identification

Identify the months from the following descriptions.

  1. The month after April.
  2. The month of Christmas.

Solutions:

  1. maggio
  2. dicembre

Exercise 8: Number Combinations

Combine the following numbers to form the full number.

  1. 30 + 5
  2. 40 + 15

Solutions:

  1. trenta + cinque = trenta cinque
  2. quaranta + quindici = quarantacinque

Exercise 9: Counting Practice

Count from 1 to 20 in Italian and write them down. Solutions: uno, due, tre, quattro, cinque, sei, sette, otto, nove, dieci, undici, dodici, tredici, quattordici, quindici, sedici, diciassette, diciotto, diciannove, venti

Exercise 10: Date Conversions

Convert the following date from English to Italian. 1. The 15th of August 2023 Solution: Il 15 agosto 2023 Congratulations on completing the "Numbers and Dates" lesson! With these foundational skills, you'll find it easier to navigate your experience in Italy, whether it's ordering food, asking for directions, or simply enjoying the rich culture and history that surrounds you.

Table of Contents - Italian Course - 0 to A1

Introduction to Italian Language


Daily Life Expressions


Italian Culture and Tradition


Past and Future Tenses


Social and Work Life


Italian Literature and Cinema


Subjunctive and Imperative Moods


Science and Technology


Italian Politics and Society


Compound Tenses


Arts and Design


Italian Language and Dialects

Videos

Learn English for Italian Speakers, Vocabulary, Numbers - YouTube


Sources


Other Lessons



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