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Revision as of 22:25, 2 April 2023
| ◀️ Definite and Indefinite Articles — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Relationships ▶️ |
Introduction
In this lesson, you will learn the Dari words for family members, including basic terms such as father, mother, and siblings, as well as more specific terms like granddaughter, nephew, and cousin. Family is an important part of Afghan culture, and knowing the names of family members is essential for communication in everyday life. You will also practice using these words in simple sentences to reinforce your understanding.
Finish this lesson and explore these related pages: Drinks & Eating Out.
Basic Family Members
The most common Dari words for immediate family members are:
| Dari | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| پدر | pedar | father |
| مادر | madar | mother |
| برادر | barādar | brother |
| خواهر | khwāhar | sister |
| پسر | pesar | son |
| دختر | doxtar | daughter |
Here are some example sentences using these words:
- پدر من در حال کار است. (Pedar-e man dar hāl-e kār ast.) - My father is at work.
- مادر من غذا در حال پختن است. (Madar-e man ghazā dar hāl-e paxtan ast.) - My mother is cooking food.
- برادر من فوتبال بازی می کند. (Barādar-e man fūtbāl bāzi mikonad.) - My brother is playing soccer.
- خواهر من در دانشگاه می خواند. (Khwāhar-e man dar dāneshgāh mikhwānd.) - My sister is studying at university.
- پسرم شش ساله است. (Pesaram shesh sāl-e ast.) - My son is six years old.
- دخترم بیست و یک ساله است. (Dokhtaram bist o yek sāl-e ast.) - My daughter is 21 years old.
Note that Dari is an Indo-European language and has three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. In the table above, پدر (father), برادر (brother), and پسر (son) are masculine nouns, while مادر (mother), خواهر (sister), and دختر (daughter) are feminine nouns.
Extended Family Members
In addition to immediate family members, there are many specific words in Dari for extended family members. Here are some examples:
| Dari | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| پدربزرگ | pedarbozorg | grandfather |
| مادربزرگ | madarbozorg | grandmother |
| دایی | dāyi | uncle (father's brother) |
| عمه | ammé | aunt (father's sister) |
| خاله | khālé | aunt (mother's sister) |
| پسرخاله | pesar-e khālé | cousin (female) |
| برادرزاده | barādarzāde | nephew |
| دخترخاله | dokhtar-e khālé | cousin (male) |
| نوه | nohé | grandchild |
Here are some example sentences using these words:
- پدربزرگ من هفتاد و چهار ساله است. (Pedarbozorg-e man haftād-o chahār sāl-e ast.) - My grandfather is 74 years old.
- مادربزرگ من عشق آشپزی دارد. (Madarbozorg-e man 'eshq-e āshpazi dārad.) - My grandmother loves cooking.
- دایی من به آمریکا مهاجرت کرده است. (Dāyi-e man be Āmrikā migrat karde ast.) - My uncle has emigrated to America.
- خاله من در آلمان زندگی می کند. (Khālé-e man dar Ālmān zendegi mikonad.) - My aunt lives in Germany.
- پسر خاله من هنرپیشه است. (Pesar-e khālé-e man honarpeyshé ast.) - My female cousin is an actress.
- برادرزاده من دانشجوی دانشگاه است. (Barādarzāde-e man dāneshjuy-e dāneshgāh ast.) - My nephew is a university student.
- دختر خاله من درستکار است. (Dokhtar-e khālé-e man dorostkār ast.) - My male cousin is honest.
- نوه های من بسیار شیطان هستند. (Nohéhā-ye man besyār shaytān hastand.) - My grandchildren are very mischievous.
Note that some of these words have gender-specific forms depending on the gender of the family member. For example, پسرخاله (cousin, female) has a different form than دخترخاله (cousin, male).
Conclusion
In this lesson, you have learned the basic Dari words for family members, as well as more specific terms for extended family. Remember to always pay attention to the gender of the noun when using these words in sentences. You can now use these words to describe your own family members in Dari, and understand when others are talking about their own families. In the next lesson, we will continue to explore relationships by learning vocabulary related to friends, neighbors, and colleagues.
Upon wrapping up this lesson, take a look at these related pages: Seasons & Introducing Yourself.
Other Lessons
- Common Food Items
- Drinks
- Eating Out
- How to Say Hello and Greetings
- Animals
- Telling Time
- Education
- Seasons
- Days of the Week
- Modes of Transportation
Sources
| ◀️ Definite and Indefinite Articles — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Relationships ▶️ |